SU1678258A1 - Milking unit - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to milking machines.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the stability of the vacuum mode of the milking machine.

The drawing schematically shows a milking machine.

The milking machine includes milking cups 1, a pulsator 2 and a collector 5 connected to the milk pipe 3 and the vacuum pipe 4, comprising a variable vacuum chamber 6, constant atmospheric pressure chamber 7, variable vacuum chamber 8, and milk chamber 9 (constant vacuum chamber) with a vacuum source through a vacuum valve 10, rigidly connected with a movable bowl-shaped container 11, in its conical bottom there is a calibrated hole 12. A spring-loaded pusher of the manual actuator 13 is connected to a bowl-shaped container 11. Milk the chamber 9 communicates with the atmosphere through the nozzle 14, as well as through the valve 15, which is rigidly connected to the working membrane 16 of the chamber 6 of the variable vacuum. On the inner generatrix of the milk chamber 9 there is a screw guide 17 for a smooth flow of milk. At the junction of the milk chamber 9 with the milk pipe 3, a float valve 18 is installed and an additional bypass channel 19 is made.

The device operates as follows.

Inoperative, i.e. without a vacuum in the vacuum wire 4 and milk line 3, the valve 10 under the action of the stiffness of the spring-loaded pusher 13,. under the action of gravity, the float valve 18 overlaps the corresponding passage openings. The working membrane 16 is in the middle position.

When connecting the vacuum wire 4 and the milk line 3 to the vacuum line of the milking unit, the vacuum will reach only the valves 10 and 18. The vacuum passing through the through hole 19 will be compensated by atmospheric air entering through the nozzle 14, i.e. in the milk chamber 9 there will be atmospheric pressure. In the chamber of variable vacuum 8 of the collector 5, as in the suction cup of the milking cup 1, regardless of the position of the valve 15, atmospheric pressure is maintained.

When dressing the milking cups 1, the operator by pressing the manual drive plunger 13 through the bowl-shaped container 11 opens the valve 10, allowing the vacuum to pass through the vacuum wire 4 into the milk chamber 9. When the vacuum from the pulsator 2 enters the chamber 6, atmospheric pressure acts on the membrane 16, raises valve 15 and blocks the message of the chamber 8 of the variable vacuum and the chamber 7 of constant atmospheric pressure. In the chamber 8, a vacuum is created, passing into the suction cup space of the teat cups 1, a sucking stroke occurs. At the command of “pulsator 2 beat”, sucking is stopped. Atmospheric pressure will come into the chamber 6 of the collector 5 and the inter-wall chambers of the milking cups 1, the nipple rubber will compress, and the milk outflow process will stop. There will be a compression step. Upon receipt from the pulsator 2 in the chamber 6 of an alternating vacuum of atmospheric pressure, the membrane 16 bends downward and closes the vacuum in the chamber 8 of an alternating vacuum, while simultaneously opening its message with the chamber 7 of constant atmospheric pressure. The suction space of the milking cups 1 will receive atmospheric pressure, there is a beat rest. The rest cycle lasts until the pulsator 2 again applies a vacuum to the chamber 6 of the alternating vacuum of the collector 5, after which the work cycle will be repeated with the same pulsation frequency with which the pulsator 2 operates.

When milk enters the collector 5, it passes through the bowl-shaped container 11, compresses the spring of the manual actuator pusher 13 under its weight and holds it in this position, while the valve 10 of the vacuum pipe 4 is also kept open. Milk overflowing over the edges of the bowl-shaped container 11 and the calibration hole 12 flows down the screw guide 17 to the bottom: the milk chamber 9. The float valve 18 pops up and the milk is removed through the milk pipe 3 from the milk chamber 9.

With a decrease in the flow of milk, the cup-shaped container 11 rises up under the action of the spring of the pushrod 13 of the manual drive and the differential pressure, closes the passage 10 of the vacuum wire 4 with the valve 10, thereby reducing the access of vacuum to the milk chamber 9 and to the suction cup of the milking cups 1.

Upon termination of the flow of milk 'and its impact on the bowl-shaped container 11 under the action of the spring of the pushrod 13 of the manual actuator and the differential pressure, it takes its initial position, closing the access valve 10 to the milk chamber 9. After milking is stopped, the float valve 18 closes the milk line 3, and part of the remaining milk is removed through the bypass channel 19.

Claims (2)

Claim 1. A milking machine, containing 5 cups and a collector connected to the milk line, having a milk chamber connected in the upper part by a vacuum pipe to a pulsator, an atmospheric pressure chamber in communication with the milk chamber through an opening with a valve, and a float valve installed in place connection of the milk chamber with the milk line, characterized in that, in order to increase the stabilization of the vacuum regime of the milking machine, the collector is equipped with a spring-loaded pusher fixed outside the body of the milk chamber installed with the possibility of interacting with an additional, movably fixed bowl-shaped container located in the milk chamber, made with a calibrated hole in the bottom, and a vacuum valve rigidly connected to it, blocking the hole of the vacuum pipe, while a guide is fixed along the inner generatrix of the milk chamber under the additional bowl-shaped container for milk flow, under which a nozzle is made in the wall of the milk chamber, and at the junction of the milk chamber with the milk pipe an additional bypass channel. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide is made screw.