SU1671144A3 - Biofilter for purifying water of piscicultural systems - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to fish farming and water purification using a biofilter. The aim of the invention is to simplify the operation of the filter, as well as to increase its efficiency by reducing evaporation of water and optimizing the process of biooxidation of the organic component in polluted water. Biofilter for water treatment of fish-breeding systems, including a vertical cylindrical body 1 with a conical bottom, loading 2 located in the upper part of the body, pipelines 3 for supplying contaminated water, mounted in the upper part of the body and the grate water distributor 4 located under it, the pipeline 5 and pipe 6 for removal of the purified water, built in in the lower part of the case. The housing is sealed and additionally provided with an oxygen supply nozzle 9 mounted into the lower part of the housing along its axis, having a valve 8, a nozzle 9 installed in the upper housing part for evacuating the produced gases and a level gauge equipped with three water level sensors 13, 14, 15 connected through an amplifier with a valve, with two sensors 14, 15 located in the lower part of the level gauge, sensor 13 at the top, loading 2 is a polymeric sheet rolled up in a spiral, and fixed so that the lower edge of the sheet is flat wife above arrangement of the upper layer of the lower level sensor, wherein the distance between the turns of the helix is 10 mm. 1 il.

Description

The invention relates to fish farming and water purification using biological filters and can be used to equip various types of fish breeding systems for purifying water from organic pollutants, both as one of the constituent elements of the purification system, and as the only biofilter.

The aim of the invention is to simplify the operation of the filter, as well as increasing the efficiency of its operation by reducing the evaporation of water and optimizing the process of biooxidation of organic components in contaminated water.

The drawing schematically shows the proposed biofilter for water treatment of fish farming systems.

The biofilter consists of a vertical cylindrical body 1 with a conical bottom, located in the upper part of the housing 1, the load 2, which is a polymer web, rolled in a spiral, the distance between the turns is 10 mm, the pipeline 3 for supplying contaminated water mounted in the upper part of the housing 1, the water distributor located under it! 4, trellised type, sludge conduit 5. mounted in the lower part of the conical bottom of the casing 1, a pipe 6 for removing purified water from the casing 1, located in the lower part of the casing 1, in the lower part of the casing 1 a pipe 7 with a valve 8 for supply is mounted oxygen.

In the upper part of the housing 1, a pipe 9 is installed for removing the generated gases with a valve 10 connected to an amplifier 11, which is also a biofilter control unit. In addition, a level gauge 12 is installed in the upper part of the housing 1, equipped with three water level sensors 13-15 connected through valves 11 and 10 through an amplifier 11. Two sensors 14 and 15 are located in the lower part of the level gauge 12, and one sensor 13 is located in its upper part. The loading of 2 biofilters is fixed so that the lower edge of the web is located above the level of the sensor 14. The housing of the biofilter is sealed.

The device operates as follows.

The water leaving the fish breeding systems is supplied through the pipe 3 to the housing 1 of the biofilter and through the water distributor 4, which, for example, can be made in the form of a perforated membrane, enters the load 2, while the flow of water to the load 2 occurs in the drip mode, despite that water for cleaning is supplied under pressure. Download 2 is made of a polymer web with a high degree of adhesion to the biofilm, while the web is folded in the form of a spiral, and the distance between the turns of the spiral is 10 mm. Only at such a distance between the turns of the spiral, the maximum degree of water purification is ensured, due to the fact that in this case the biofilm formed on the canvas has an optimal thickness, as for the life of microorganisms (the growth rate of the number of microorganisms is constant and maximum, i.e. polyculture of bacteria is constantly in the log phase of growth), and for contact with incoming water - a source of organics necessary for the vital activity of bacteria. With a greater distance between the coils of the spiral, despite the optimum thickness of the biofilm on the canvas, part of the water passes through the load without coming into contact with the biofilm, and thus remains an untreated, saturated organic component, which reduces the overall efficiency of the biofilter. With a smaller distance between the turns of the spiral, the optimal thickness of the biofilm does not form, the level of activity of microorganisms is much lower than in the first case, this ultimately determines a lower degree of water purification.

So, the water entering the treatment enters the charge 2. At the same time, the oxygen supply through the nozzle 7 is turned on. Considering that the housing 1 of the biofilter is sealed and the nozzle 9 is closed at this moment, the pressure starts to increase in the housing of the biofilter, pipe 6 for drainage of purified water at this moment is also closed. Water, passing through the load 2, begins to accumulate in the lower part of the housing 1 and after a while reaches the level of the sensor 14 on the level gauge 12, which is made in the form of communicating vessels with the biofilter body itself. At this moment, the sensor 14 is activated, the amplifier 11 (control unit) sends a signal to the valve 8, which leads to the cessation of oxygen supply to the biofilter body. Pipeline 6 for the removal of purified water has already been opened by this time. This leads to the drain of part of the water from the biofilter body, and at the moment when its level reaches the level of the lower sensor 15, the amplifier 11 gives a signal to turn on the oxygen supply through the pipe 7. Thus, the water level constantly scans between the levels of the sensors 14 and 15 , and the oxygen pressure inside the biofilter body 5 remains almost constant and ensures the optimal life of the microorganisms of the biofilm at load 2. Periodically for this, for example, a time relay can be installed in the amplifier nor, from the amplifier 11, a signal is supplied to the valve 8, stopping the supply of oxygen to the biofilter housing, and also blocking the operation of the sensor 14. This leads to the fact that water in the housing accumulates and rises to the location of the sensor 13. However, this will be possible only in that in case, simultaneously with the given signals, the same signal will arrive at the valve 10, opening the pipe 9 for the removal of microorganisms, gases formed during the operation. It is such a signal that arrives at valve 10. When the water rises to the location of the sensor 13, a signal is sent from the amplifier 11 to the valves 8 and 10. The first opens the oxygen supply to the housing through the pipe 7, and the second closes the pipe 9 for exhaust gases. Due to the increasing oxygen pressure inside the biofilter housing. the water level in the housing is reduced to the location of the sensor 15, after which the biofilter operates according to the described technology. At the same time, the water supply to the biofilter does not stop, and periodically manually opening the shut-off valve on the nozzle 5 (not shown), drain excess activated sludge. settling in the conical lower part of the filter housing.

Thus, each structural element of the proposed device is necessary and sufficient for the operation of the biofilter and simplify operation and increase the efficiency of its work.

The proposed biofilter for water purification of fish breeding systems allows highly efficient purification of water coming from various fish breeding tanks, its operation is as automated and simplified as possible, its manufacture does not require special technology and scarce component parts.

Claims (1)

Claim A biofilter for water purification of fish-farming systems, including a vertical cylindrical body with a conical bottom, a loading located in the upper part of the housing, a contaminated water supply pipe mounted in the upper part of the housing 15, as well as a trellised water distributor located under the pipeline, an iloprovod and a pipeline for the removal of cleaned water water mounted in the lower part of the housing, characterized in that in order to simplify the operation of the filter, as well as to increase its efficiency by reducing ispa water and optimize the process of biooxidation of organic components in 25 contaminated water, the casing is sealed and is additionally equipped with a nozzle for oxygen supply mounted in its lower part along the axis, having a valve, a nozzle installed in the upper part of the housing for exhaust gas generation and a level gauge equipped with three water level sensors connected through an amplifier with a valve, while two sensors are located at the bottom of the level 35, one below the other and one at the top, the load is a polymer The black web is rolled up in the form of a spiral and fixed so that the lower edge of the web is located above the level 10 of the upper of the lower level sensors, while the distance between the turns of the spiral is 10 mm. Compiled by T. Krasyukova Editor Y. Sereda Tehred M. Morgenthal Corrector T. Kolb Order 2759 Circulation 363 Subscription VNIIIPI of the State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee for Science and Technology 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushskaya nab., 4/5 Production and Publishing Combine Patent, Uzhgorod, 101 Gagarin St.