SU1668256A1 - Tank for bulk non-cohesive materials - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of transportation and storage of bulk materials. The tank contains a cylindrical body with loading hatches, a discharge device, a device for supplying air to the tank, and a compressed air distributor. The nozzles are made in the form of a flat triangular box with perforated edges. The nozzles are located on the inner surface of the tank body in its lower part transverse and at least three longitudinal: central and two lateral rows. The invention makes it possible to increase the discharge rate and increase its productivity. 1 hp ff, 5 ill.

Description

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This invention relates to the field of transportation and storage of bulk materials.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the completeness and productivity of discharge.

FIG. 1 shows a tank for bulk materials, a slit; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. 1: in FIG. 3 shows a possible tank design; FIG. 4 - nozzle; in fig. 5 - a vehicle with a tank mounted on it.

The tank contains a sealed cylindrical body 1 with loading hatches 2, an unloading device 3 with an air supply valve for blowing and a device for supplying compressed air to the tank, including a distribution device 4, supply pipes 5,6 and aeration nozzles 7.

The nozzles 7 (Fig. 4) are made in the form of a flat box of a triangular shape, on the edge of which 8 and 9 are perforated

10, the outlet 11 is located at the base of the triangle.

The nozzles 7 are located on the inner surface of the housing in its lower half in rows; transverse, longitudinal - central and at least two lateral. The outlet ports 11 of the nozzles 7 of the central row are directed toward the unloading device 3 and parallel to the axis of the tank, and the side rows are at an angle to this axis. Each nozzle 7 is equipped with a check valve 12.

The switchgear 4 contains a switch for alternately connecting transverse rows and can be made either pneumatically (Fig. 1) connected by pipelines to each cross row or electric (Fig. 3) connected by electrical wires d by stop valves

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mounted on each transverse row of nozzles 7.

It is advisable to place the nozzles 7, located in the extreme lateral longitudinal rows, so that the angle of inclination of the tangent to the surface of the housing 1 on the installation line is equal to the angle of repose of the bulk material (Fig. 2).

The tank works as follows.

Before starting the unloading, compressed air is supplied to the tank 1 through the distributor 4 and the nozzle 7. When the working pressure in the tank is reached, the crane of the unloading device 3 opens and the bulk material is discharged.

During the pressure increase and discharge, the material is saturated with air. At the same time, the perforation of the Young formers 7 allows to aerate the material lying above them, thus ensuring its easy flow. Through the perforation 10 on the face x 8, the material in the space between the nozzles 7 and the surface of the tank is aerated. This is necessary so that it does not lie there and would not hinder the movement of aerated material when unloading the tank.

Most of the air passing through the nozzles 7 exits through the holes 11, and less through the perforations 10.

The bulk material under the action of air pulses begins to move towards the discharge device.

Upon reaching the working pressure in the tank 1, the intensity of the operation of the nozzles 7 decreases, and at the first moment after opening the crane of the discharge device 3, the bulk material is discharged mainly due to the excess pressure created in the tank. Then, as the pressure drops, the effect of the nozzles 7 is enhanced. Their work becomes most efficient at the end of the discharge cycle.

During unloading, the switchgear 4 supplies air to three nozzles simultaneously in the following sequence: first the two side and middle nozzles of the first transverse row closest to the unloading unit turn on, then the air flow is switched to the three nozzles of the next transverse row and so on the nozzles, after which the cycle is repeated.

Thus, an air wave is formed, aerating the bulk material and giving it a pulse of movement towards the discharge opening.

Air is supplied to the nozzles until then. until all material is unloaded from the tank, after which the valve of the discharge device 3 is closed.

It is possible to operate the switchgear 4, allowing

during pressure build-up, when the material needs only to be aerated, and it is not required to transport it to the discharge opening, supply air to all nozzles at the same time.

In order for the material not to remain on the walls of the tank, it is necessary that the angle of inclination of these walls should be greater than or at least equal to the angle of the internal friction of the bulk material (Fig. 2). For

5 cement, for example, this angle should be 45 °. Therefore, the side rows of nozzles should be located on a line parallel to the axis of the tank, and the tangents to all: points of this line,

0 must be tilted at least 45 ° to the horizontal. The action of the nozzles in this case extends to that part of the inner surface of the tank, where the angles of inclination of the tangents to the horizontal are less than this value. In the steeper sections of the tank, where the angles of inclination of the tangents exceed 45 °, the material does not remain and nozzles are required to be installed.

If the tank is supposed to transport bulk materials with an internal friction angle larger than that of cement, then the lateral rows of nozzles should be located on sections of the tank closer to the vertical, where the angles of tangent to the horizontal are more than 45 ° and correspond to the friction angles of the given material. In this connection, it may be necessary to increase the number of longitudinal rows, for example, to four. These rows must be

0 located symmetrically relative to the axis of the tank.

To improve unloading, the tank may have a slope of 1 - 2 ° in the direction of the unloading device, which contributes to

Claims (2)

5 to reduce the center of body weight of the tank when it is made in the form of a semi-trailer to tons of gauge. This is possible due to the fact that the height of the semi-trailer carriage, as a rule, is somewhat lower than that of the saddle linkage and traction gauge. In addition, it improves the discharge of material from the tank. Claim 1. Tank for bulk materials containing hermetic cylindrical 5 case with loading and unloading units, aeration nozzles, tangentially mounted into the wall of the lower half of the body in longitudinal and transverse rows, and directed by an outlet to the side of the discharge unit, the device for supplying compressed air to the tank, characterized in that, in order to increase the completeness and productivity of discharge, it is provided with a distribution device connected to the transverse nozzle rows for alternately communicating with the device for supplying compressed air, each of the nozzles being in the form flat boxes of triangular shape with perforated edges, JMЈ x 7 FIG. 2 facing one of the faces of the wall of the casing, and the outlet is located at the base of the triangle. 2. The tank car in accordance with claim 1, wherein the nozzles located in the extreme lateral longitudinal rows are arranged in such a way that the angle of inclination of the tangent to the surface of the body on the installation line is equal to the angle of repose of the bulk material. 7 2 05 I Fig.Ch Fig-s 6 t