SU1667667A1 - Method for assessing sowing properties of seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture, namely, to agronomy, and can be used in assessing the quality of seeds in breeding work when breeding new varieties and plant introductions. The aim of the invention is to improve the accuracy of determining the quality of seeds. This goal is achieved by measuring the length, width, area and perimeter of the radiolucent portions of the seed, followed by calculating the ratio of the square of the perimeter to the area using the formula P ² / 4ϕS, where P is the perimeter

S - area. Using this method allows to obtain an accurate express non-destructive assessment of the quality of seeds. 2 tab.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, namely, to agronomy, and can be used in assessing the quality of seeds in breeding work in the development of new varieties and the introduction of plants.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of determining the quality of seeds,

Example. The quality of the cotton is analyzed, for which samples are taken of seeds, each seed is assigned a number, weighed on an analytical balance, radiographs of the seeds are obtained on the X-ray equipment and the length, width, area and perimeters of the images are measured.

The comparison of seeds is carried out according to the following indicators:

mass of seeds (M), the area of the radiopaque part of seeds (S),

seed length (Y), seed width (X), the perimeter of the opaque part of the seeds (P), the ratio of the square to the square (P2 / 4L5), elongation (y / x), the length of the hypocotyl 10-day old seedlings (DG), weight hypocotyl 10-day-old seedlings (VG). the weight of the aerial part of the 10-day-old seedlings (ULF), the weight of this share of the 10-day-old seedlings (VS), the average time for the emergence of seedlings (VP).

Analysis of radiographs shows that the ratio for the completed, intact cotton seeds does not exceed 1.31, for seeds with an undeveloped embryo (unperformed) it reaches 69,800, and for seeds with an embryo to varying degrees underdeveloped - it exceeds 1.31.

In tab. 1 shows the results of laboratory analyzes of seeds of cotton varieties Andijan-13. From tab. 1 it follows that the quality of seed samples is related to

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Vj

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P2 / 4HL ratios, and seeds germinate, the radiographs of which have a smaller value of this ratio, i.e. performed and not injured. From the results of laboratory experiments, it also follows that seeds characterized by a lower value of the P2 / 4L $ ratio germinate faster by 1 day. Similar results are obtained by comparing seed samples according to the elements of the growth force; seedlings from seeds with a smaller value of P / 455 have greater strength, i.e. high weight hypocotyl, sem lobes and aerial parts.

Field experiments showed that the yield of cotton planted with the seeds of the seed crop DKSM-3-2, i.e. with a coefficient P, 53, exceeds the yield on the control beds (seeds from P2 / 4l5 2.21) by 3.9 centners per hectare, i.e. on 10%.

In tab. 2 shows radiographs of cotton seeds and their morphological parameters.

Under production conditions, the yield on crops of high quality seeds is 7 .., 12% higher than on control crops (see Table 2).

The numerical indices according to which the quality of the seeds is judged depends on the shape of the seeds.

So, for seeds having a rounded shape (rapeseed), the ratio of the square of the perimeter to the area of the radiograph is equal to or slightly exceeds 12.56, i.e. 4tg for performed seeds, and exceeds 20–25 for unperformed seeds, which is verified for each species experimentally.

For seeds that are close in shape to an ellipsoid or lenticular shape, the ratio of the square of the perimeter to the area has a size of about 17 for the seeds made (cotton) and exceeds 22 27

0

five

0

five

for unperformed seeds, which is also updated for each species

To assess the quality of grain seeds with transverse cracks, the ratio of the square of the perimeter to the area of the radiograph is greater than 21. For example, for seeds with one crack, the ratio is 22 ... 24, for seeds with 3 cracks - 30 ... 32 while for full grain seeds, this ratio does not exceed 18.

The proposed method makes it possible to exclude any damage to the seeds, i.e., immediately after fluoroscopy, they need to seed; at the same time, high accuracy of measurements allows one to quantitatively characterize a different degree of underdevelopment of the embryo and ultimately assess the quality of seeds.

The proposed method can be implemented using any image analyzer that allows to measure the length, width, area and perimeter of the image.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A method for evaluating the sowing qualities of seeds, including roentgenoscopy of seeds and their evaluation by the obtained radiographs, characterized in that. In order to improve the accuracy of the determination, the obtained radiographs additionally measure the area and perimeter of the radiopaque parts of the seed, and the evaluation is carried out according to the ratio of the square of the perimeter to the area of the radiopaque parts of the seed 567 317 6.23 75 41.4 SP O) --J o st one I. Parameters of seeds sown. II. Parameters of sprouted seeds. III.The ratio of the parameters of germinated seeds to the seeds. 637 366 5.4 93 45.3 571 327 6.44 57 S. MZ X, mm Y. mm P. mm P2 / 4tg characteristic M, kg 13234.1 5.90 7.84 21.6 1.09 Completed 9024.8 4.42 8.53 39.7 5.05 Tracked (longitudinal crack) 8227.8 4.84 8.62 28.0 2.24 Insufficiently fulfilled , 37 19.2 4.08 8.33 56.4 13.1 Unsatisfied (with underdeveloped embryo) table 2