SU1667108A1 - Device for checking and diagnosing pumping wells - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to automation and computer technology and can be used to control pumping wells equipped with sucker rod pumps by processing their teledinamograms. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the control. The device contains a sensor 1 pump rod force, zero-level clamp positive 2 and negative 3 parts of the signal, counters 4, 5, 18, 22, analog-to-digital converter 6, accumulating adders 7, 8, blocks 9, 10 division, block 11 subtraction, circuits 12, 17, 19, 23 comparison, triggers 13, 21, 24, 25, display unit 14, unit 15 nominal values of the diagnosed pump parameters, control unit 16 and AND 20 element. The device determines the state of partial non-filling of the cylinder of the depth pump gas factor account in the well not. 8 il.

Description

Fig. /

The invention relates to automation and computer technology and is intended for processing teledinamograms of depth

pumping wells equipped with sucker rod pumps in the course of their work.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of control by determining the state of a partial unfilled cylinder of a submersible pump due to the presence of a gas factor in the well,

Figure 1 presents the block diagram of the device; Fig. 2 is a control block diagram; on fig.Z - time dependences of the signal of force: a - at the output of the force sensor, in coordinates force-time (pp); b-signal received at the output of the clamp of the zero level of the positive part of the signal in the coordinates voltage - time (u-t); c is the signal received at the output of the latch of the zero level, the negative part of the signal in the coordinates voltage - time (); 4 shows the dynamograms of the situation corresponding to the over-tolerable deposits in the column of pump tubes: dynamograms (1-2-3-3) - theoretical, curve A - after cleaning the pump tubes from deposits, curve B - after long-term operation in the presence of deposits in pump tubes in coordinates; force (P) - movement (I) of the rod; on figa, b - the dynamograms of the work of a downhole sucker-rod pump combined with one another when the pump is partially filled with liquid caused by the influence of the stratum gas on the pump operation, while the gas protectors that are at the pump intake work normally (and - closed dynamogram; b - time scan of the signal obtained at the output of the force transducer): in fig.b, b - diagrams of work of the downhole sucker-rod pump combined with each other when the pump is partially filled with liquid However, gas protectors located at the pump intake work abnormally (a is a dynamogram closed; b time signal sweep obtained at the output of the force sensor).

In Figures 4a and 6a, the following symbols are used: 5-1 - theoretical dynamogram of pump operation: 5-2, 5-3, 5-4. 5--5 are dynamometer diagrams taken successively in the first, second, third, and test cycles of the pump, where / (and L ;, are nominal and the actual difference between the average values of the force sensor, corresponding to v O .MT t Jujid

one

2

N1

Ui

N1

Ji

Ni

Ui

NOMIF

the actual and actual mean values of the voltage signal of the force sensor corresponding to the effective stroke of the plunger, during which the static load on

rods and fluids;

- rated

F

and the actual average values of the force sensor signal voltage corresponding to the load on the rod equal to the weight of the rods, 00 is the zero line of force.

56 and 66, designations are accepted. 5-1

-time scan of the signal of the sensor efforts normal pump operation: 5-2, 5-3, 5-4.5-5 time signals of the sensor signal force in the first, second, third and fourth cycles of the pump, where: tn - the nominal value of durations force sensor signal during normal pump operation (when the pump is completely filled with liquid): T.F1 Tf2DfzDf4 actual values of the force sensor signal duration in the first, second, third and fourth pump operation cycles. T - the duration of one cycle (period) of the pump. 00

- zero force sensor signal cycle.

Fig. 7 shows the algorithm of the device operation: Fig. 8 shows the time diagram of the operation of the control unit for the number of pump working cycles (for n = 8).

The device contains a sensor 1 pump rod force, latch 2 zero level of the positive part of the signal, latch 3 zero level of the negative part of the signal, the first 4 and second 5 counters, analog-to-digital converter 6, the first and second accumulating adders 7 and 8, the first and second blocks 9 and 10 divisions, subtraction unit 11, the first comparison circuit 12, the first trigger 13, the indication unit 14, the setting unit 15 of the nominal values of the diagnosed pump parameters, the control unit 16, the second comparison circuit 17, the third counter 18, the third comparison circuit 19, email ment and 20, a second flip-flop 21, a fourth counter 22, a fourth comparator circuit 23 and third and fourth flip-flops 24 and 25.

The control unit 16 comprises a clock frequency generator 26, the first and second amplifiers 27 and 28, the first, second, third and fourth elements AND 29-32, the element OR 33, the decoder 34. the counter 35. the timer 36. the first, second, third and fourth delay elements 3740 respectively

The operation of the device is as follows.

In order to prevent the harmful effects of gas on the pump, the pump intake is equipped with a protective device (gas yag-1 measles; YAZ, multi-compartment, dish-shaped, screw and submersible type measles), which allow partially free gas from the pump intake into the annulus. Sets the number of pump injection pumping cycles (KC p) and the device stop time (for example, 00st 1 h). Stop Time Toast requires that the level of fluid delivered by the reservoir is restored in the annulus. During this time, the Toast of the pumping motor is turned off (not shown).

The stop time is counted by a timer 36. After a time delay Tg, the pumping motor (not shown) is turned on, which drives the well pump. At the same time, the signal of sensor 1 (Fig. 3a) simultaneously arrives at the inputs of clips 2 and 3 of the zero level of the positive and negative parts of the signal and the analog-digital converter 6, thereby starting the device into operation. The clips 2 and 3 of the zero level fix the positive and negative parts of the signal, respectively (Fig. 36, c). This makes it possible, regardless of the change in zero of sensor 1, to obtain positive and negative portions of the signal at a constant level.

From the outputs of the latches 2 and 3 of the zero level, the positive and negative portions of the signal from the sensor 1, respectively, come to the inputs of the control unit 16. Signal 1 from the output Lz of block 16 is fed to the reset inputs of accumulating adders 7 and 8, counters 4, 5, 18 and 22, in which they are reset.

From output bi of block 16, signal 1 is fed to the counting input of counter 4 and the control input of accumulating adder 7 allowing the summation of the contents of adder 7 to the current signal arriving at its other information input from analog-digital converter 6

UiJ.

Thus, in the accumulative sumNI matrix 7 there is a sum of UIA values

readings of the positive part of the sensor 1 signal during the injection pumping cycles NI

foot pump I CH1. 2 and f I and in the counter 4

i - 1

the number of Ni samples is stored | C4i: N1 | . In accumulator 8 is

N2

sum of 2 iGf values of N2 readings от i-1

part of the signal from sensor 1 during p injection pump cycles

N2

| Sn2: 2 | f | . and in counter 5 is stored

i 1

the number of samples N2) C /) 2: N21.

The stored numbers of the values of Ni and N2, respectively, in counters 4 and 5 correspond to the durations of the positive and negative portions of the signal from sensor 1. They are converted into reference numbers that fill these durations in counters 4 and 5 with signals from the control frequency generator 26. The number of samples NI from the output of counter 4 is fed to the input of comparison circuit 17, to another input of the second output of setting 15, the number of samples K (corresponding to the nominal value of the signal duration of sensor 1 when the pump is full: n) is received. At each duty cycle, Ni is compared with K. When Ni K (or tH) is fixed, the output of the comparison circuit 17 produces a signal that is fed to the input of the counter 18, intended to mark the pump’s underfill number (mon), at which the contents of the counter 18 are increased by unit

If, as a result of the comparison, Ni K (or t. F | tH), then at the second output of the comparison circuit 17, a signal is produced which is fed to the input of the counter 22, and its content is increased by one (p). The contents of the counters 18 and 22 are supplied respectively to the information inputs of the third and fourth comparison circuits 19 and 23, to the other inputs of which from the output L of block 16 receives the number of counted operating cycles of the pump n (from the counter 35 in figure 2, the contents of which in each cycle increases by one).

In the case when the device has sustained a specified number of cycles (p), in comparison diagram 19, the values of (mon) will be compared with (p). In the case of a mon np, a signal is generated at its output that is permissive for element 20.

Thus, during the n operating cycles of the pump, the number of empty cycles of the pump is determined. The content of accumulating adder 7 is fed to the input of dividing unit 9 as a dividend, to the other input of which the value of the number arrives as a divisor

Ni samples from the counter 4 output (Uicp4)

: Cni: Cn1.

The content of accumulating adder 8 is fed to the input of dividing unit 10 as a dividend, to the other input of which the value of the number of samples N2 from the output of counter 5 (Uicp) Cm2: Ci2 is supplied as a divider.

The signal 1 from the output D4 of block 16 is fed to the enable inputs of blocks 9 and 10 of the division, allowing the division operation to be carried out. The results of dividing from their outputs go to the inputs of subtraction unit 11, to the permitting input of which enters 1 from output 05 of control unit 16, permitting the operation of subtraction, to reuse

- doing

At the input of the comparison circuit 12, to another input of which, from the output of the setting device 15, the value of the setpoint is received (DL is the nominal value of the average value of the difference of the signal from the sensor 1 when the boom moves up and down).

If the value obtained is AF Dn, then the output of the comparison circuit 12 is 1, which enters the information input of the trigger 13, which indicates the deposition of paraffin in the pump tubes over a certain amount (figure 4).

If in the first comparison circuit 12 Df Dn is fixed, then 1 appears at its other output, which is fed to the input of the And 20 element.

At the same time, comparison circuits 12 and 19 are triggered, single signals from their outputs arrive at the inputs of element I 20, 1 appears at its output, which arrives at the information input of trigger 21, which indicates that the pump has been partially filled with liquid caused by the formation gas pump operation. 1 from the output of the element 20 also arrives at the permissive input of the comparison circuit 23 in order to diagnose the operation of the gas protectors located at the pump intake.

Since one of the information inputs of the comparison circuit 23 is connected to the output L7 of the control unit 16, in this circuit

the values of (p) will be compared with (n). In the case of pp, the output of the comparison circuit 23 is generated 1, which is fed to the information input of the trigger 24, which

indicates that the gas protectors located at the pump intake are operating normally (figure 5).

In the case of p p, at the other output of the comparison circuit 23, 1 is generated, which is fed to the information input of the trigger 25, which indicates that the gas devices located at the pump intake work abnormally (Fig. 6).

5 With the delay of the time required to trigger the triggers 13, 21, 24 and 25, from the output of the control unit 16 to the enable inputs of these triggers, 1 is received, allowing each trigger to go to the state corresponding to the signal present on its information input. The appearance of signals at the output of the trigger 13,21,24 and 25 triggers the display unit 14.

5 The operation of the control unit 16 (Fig. 2) is carried out as follows.

The signals received at the inputs of the first and second limiting amplifiers 27 and 28 through the first ai and second ar inputs of the block

0 16 controls are amplified and limited to level 1. Thus, there is 1 at the output of the amplifier-limiter 27 for the positive part of the sensor 1 signal, 28 is O at the output of the limiting amplifier, and for the negative part of the sensor 1 output the amplifier limiter 27 is present O, the output of the amplifier limiter 28 is present 1.

0 The signal from the output of the amplifier-limiter 27 simultaneously enters the inputs of the elements And 30 and 32. The signal from the output of the amplifier-limiter 28 is fed to the input of the third element And 31. If present

5 at the output of the timer 36 signal 1 is fed to the input of the counter 35.

The counter 35 and the decoder 34 form a pulse distributor, wherein the outputs of the decoder 34 are outputs of the pulse distributor, and the input of the counter 35 is the input of the pulse distributor. The output of the counter 35 is the output bi of the control unit 16. The signal from the first output of the decoder 34 through the holder element 40 is fed to the output Lg of the control unit 16. The inputs of the element OR 33 are connected to the outputs of the decoder 34 from the second to (n-1) -th, inclusive, at the same time at its output appears T, which is fed to the input of the first element And 29, allowing

the passage of the signal generator 26 clock frequency to the inputs of the elements And 30 and 31.

During the passage of the positive part of the signal from the sensor 1, force 1 from the output of the amplifier-limiter 27 allows the passage of the signals of the clock frequency generator 26 through the element 30 and is transmitted to the inputs L of the control unit 16. During the passage of the negative part of the signal from sensor 1, force 1 from the output of amplifier-suppressor 28 permits the passage of signals from the oscillator 26 of the clock frequency through the element 31 and is transmitted to the output b2 of the control unit 16.

After the arrival of the nth signal from the output of the limiting amplifier 27 at the nth output of the decoder 34, 1 appears at the output of the OR element 33 signal O (since O is present at all its inputs, which prohibits the passage of pulses from the repeater 26 clock frequency through the element And 29). 1, the nth output of the decoder includes a timer 36, at the output of which, after a predetermined time (1 hour in the device), O appears, and the device does not work. In addition, 1 from the n-th output of the decoder 34 has zeroed the counter 35, through the delay element 37 enters the output of the control unit 16. 1 from the n-th output of the decoder 34 through the delay elements 37 and 38 is fed to the output bs of the control unit 16. 1, from the nth output of the decoder 34, through delay elements 37-39, is output to the output be of the control unit 16.

Resetting the counter 35 after generating the required output signals (bi-b) of the control unit 16, the decoder 34 is brought to the zero state, its first output has a signal 1, which is transmitted to the output B of the control unit 16 by means of the delay element 40 (t e. n: n + 1 and the device is prepared for the subsequent processing of the value of the incoming signal of the force sensor 1 in case of a delay of the specified stopping time T0st 1 h).

After a predetermined stop time (Toast 1 hour), the output of timer 36 appears 1 and all of the above processes are repeated. It is known that a borehole sucker-rod pump operates under a dynamic level of fluid in a well. Fig. 4a shows four successively removed dynamograms after the start-up of the well, which is characterized by the receipt of free gas under pressure at the pump inlet, corresponding to the depth of the pump below the dynamic level. These dynamograms are characterized by underdeveloped load waves at the beginning of the plunger up and down and their strong attenuation at the end of the stroke, which is explained by the high elasticity of the gas. Another characteristic feature is the longer duration of the unloading period: the corresponding lines (indicated by numbers) are very flat. In line with this, there is a significant delay in opening the valves and reducing the effective length of the plungers.

Depending on the type of protective equipment of the pump intake, the nature of the change in the position of the load drop line or, what is the same, the nature of the change in the magnitude of the unfilled due to the influence of the gas factor will be dominated by one or another of the noted contours with its periodic alternation with other circuits, t e. the amount of blank will randomly change one way or the other with respect to a certain average value. Such deviations are quite natural, since the gas content of the mixture cannot be constant. Since the device operates on the basis of the method of forming average values, an increase in the reliability of the determination of the state of partial emptying of the cylinder of a submersible pump due to the presence of a gas factor in the well is achieved.

Claims (1)

Claims An apparatus for monitoring and diagnostics of downhole wells, comprising a pump rod force sensor, a zero level latch of the positive signal part, a zero level latch of the negative signal part, three counters, an analog-digital converter, two accumulating adders, two dividing units, a subtractor , three comparison circuits, two triggers, a display unit, a unit for setting nominal values of the pump parameters to be diagnosed, an And element and a control unit, the output output of a pump rod force is connected to will give analog-digital converter and zero-level fixers of the positive and negative parts of the signal, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding information data inputs of the control unit, the first control output of which is connected to the counting input of the first counter and to the control input of the first accumulating adder, whose information input and the information input of the second accumulating adder is connected with the output of the analog-digital converter, the reset inputs of the accumulating adders and counters Connected to the control output of the control unit, the second control output of which is connected to the control input of the second accumulating adder and to the counting input of the second counter, the output of which is connected to the input of the divider of the second division unit, the input of which is divisible, is connected to the output of the second accumulating adder, output of the first the accumulating adder is connected to the input of the divisible first dividing unit, the divider input and the first input of the second comparison circuit are connected to the output of the first counter, the resolution enable inputs are divided the first and second dividing units are connected to the first gating output of the control unit, the second gating output of which is connected to the subtractor enable input of the subtracting unit, the inputs of which are decremented and subtracted are connected respectively to the outputs of the first and second dividing units comparison, the second input of which is connected with the first output of the setpoint adjuster of the diagnosed parameters of the pump, the second output of which is connected to the second input of the second comparison circuit, ne the output of which is connected to the counting input of the third counter, the output of which is connected to the first input of the third comparison circuit, the second input of which is connected to the information output of the control unit whose sync output is connected to the synchronous inputs of the first and second triggers, the outputs of the first and second triggers are connected to the first and second triggers the second inputs of the display unit, the output of the third comparison circuit is connected to the first input of the element I, the second input of which is connected to the first output of the first comparison circuit, the second output of which is connected to the data input of the first flip-flop, and the output element is coupled to data inputs of the second flip-flop, characterized ec in that in order to increase the reliability of monitoring by determining the state of partial non-filling of the cylinder of a submersible pump due to the presence of a gas factor in the well, a fourth counter was inserted into the device, the fourth comparison circuit and the third and fourth triggers, the third and fourth inputs of the display unit are connected to the outputs of the third and fourth triggers, respectively, the synchronous inputs of which are connected to sync output of the control unit, the information output of which is connected to the first input of the fourth comparison circuit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the fourth counter, the reset input of which connected to the installation output of the control unit; the counting input of the fourth counter is connected to the second output of the second comparison circuit; the output of the AND element is connected to the enabling input of the fourth circuit comparison, the first and second outputs of which are connected respectively to the information inputs of the third and fourth triggers. Ptn.2 Pt a and eight Ch Ch G K g g FIG 5 but ABOUT ABOUT FIG. four about FIG. five but about pf-f) -J.o Fig 6 () t -ttn1 number I (Ulw) 0 (3; Ma Hem P Hem FIG. 7 5ch & 5, 5