SU1666143A1 - Method of making foam suppressor for condensed whey production - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the dairy industry and can be used in the concentration of whey. The aim of the invention is to increase the antifoaming ability of soap stock, improve its organoleptic characteristics and reduce consumption. To obtain a defoamer, soap stock is prepared by treating it in three stages. In the first stage, the soap stock is diluted to a concentration of 3-8% CB, heated to 50 - 90 ° C and mixed until uniform. In the second stage, adsorbents are introduced: 1.0–1.5% cellulose, 1.0–1.5% diatomite, 1–2% 33% hydrogen peroxide, and incubated for 20–30 min with constant stirring. Cool the solution and filter at 10 - 24 ° C. In the third stage, the obtained filtrate is acidified with hydrochloric acid to pH 7 - 9. Before use, the defoamer is heated to 40 - 60 ° C and added to the whey in an amount of 0.005 - 0.2% by weight of the raw material. 2 ill., 2 tab.

Description

The invention relates to the dairy industry and can be used in the concentration of whey.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the antifoaminess of the stock flow, to improve its organoleptic characteristics and to reduce consumption.

Figure 1 shows a graph of the dependence of optical density on the exposure time; figure 2 is a graph of the number of defoamers on the volume of foam.

In Figures 1 and 2, the following notation is accepted: curve 1 — amount of sorbents: cellulose 1.5%, diatomite 1.5%, hydrogen peroxide 1.5%: curve 2 — amount of sorbents: cellulose 2%, diatomite 2%, hydrogen peroxide 2.5%; curve 3 - the number

sorbents: cellulose 0.8%, diatomite 0.8%, hydrogen peroxide 0.8%; curve 4 - milk sugar molasses; curve 5 - cheese whey; curve 6 — subfilter whey ultrafiltrate.

The method is carried out as follows.

In the first stage, soap stock derived from light oils (sunflower, rapeseed, soybean and peanut) is fed to the reactor, and the required amount of drinking water is added. By feeding steam into the jacket of the reactor, the mixture is heated to J50-90 ° C. The mixture is heated with constant stirring until the stock stock is completely dissolved. At a temperature below 50 ° C, the solution process increases by a factor of 2-3.

with about

J

with

neither Increasing the temperature above 90 ° C does not significantly accelerate the dissolution process and has a negative effect on the further processes of soap stock cleaning.

In the second stage, 1.0-1.5% of cellulose, 1.0-1.5% of diatomite, 1-2 of 33% hydrogen peroxide are introduced, kept for 20-30 minutes with constant stirring, cooled to 10 -24 ° C and filtered. The amount of reagents that can be introduced allows to achieve the required degree of purification of cobalt from ballast substances. Variation in either direction does not increase the degree of purification. A shutter speed of 20-30 min allows the desired color reduction of the finished product to be achieved, which is confirmed by the data obtained (Fig. 1). The chromaticity is defined as the optical density of the solutions in the visible part of the spectrum at a cell thickness of 10 mm.

Reducing the exposure time of less than 20 minutes leads to a sharp increase in the color of the finished product, and an increase of more than 30 minutes does not lead to a noticeable decrease in color.

Cooling to 10-24 ° C allows part of the ballast substances to be transferred to an insoluble state and removed during filtration. Cooling below 10 ° C is undesirable as the viscosity increases and the filtration process is difficult. Cooling above 24 ° C does not achieve the required degree of purification from ballast substances. The filtration process removes phosphatides, mechanical impurities and other ballast materials.

In the third stage, the resulting filtrate is acidified with hydrochloric acid to pH 7-9.

A comparative characteristic of organop leptics of a known defoamer (soap stock) and the proposed antifoam agent is given in Table 1.

The mechanism of action of the proposed defoamer is explained as follows.

In soap tanks used for foaming, the initial pH is 10.3-11.5. After deep cleaning of the diluted solution of stock flow from extraneous and nonfood impurities, its pH remains almost unchanged. Subsequently, by lowering the pH to 7-9, by treating the solutions with hydrochloric acid, a reaction occurs between the bound fatty acids and hydrochloric acid, with liberation of free fatty acids. It is these free fatty acids, being evenly distributed in the volume of the raw material, in combination with the bound fatty acids that cause a high defoaming ability.

A comparative characteristic of the defoaming ability according to the known and proposed methods is presented in Table 2.

When comparing the defoaming agent in natural conditions (18-24 ° C), a gel forms and a precipitate of insoluble

salts of fatty acids. Therefore, to give the antifoam a uniform consistency (complete dissolution), which increases its defoaming ability, it is necessary to use an antifoam before use (heat to 40-60 ° C and mix until the precipitate is completely dissolved. If the antifoaming agent is heated to a temperature below 40 ° C, the duration of dissolving the sediment by more than two times as compared with the optimum temperature, an increase in the temperature of the antifoam agent above 60 ° C does not lead to a noticeable reduction in the time it takes for the precipitate to dissolve. In addition, the temperature of 40-60 ° C meets

the condensing temperature of the secondary raw materials, where it is supposed to use a defoamer,

The defoamer is introduced directly into the vacuum apparatus when the raw material is thickened. Add the defoamer in small doses (100-200 ml) as the foam forms. The consumption of defoaming agent is 0.005-0.2% of the amount of processing raw material and depends on the type of raw material. Dose reduction

defoaming agent below 0.005% does not lead to

Penetration, and increasing the dose is higher

0.2% does not lead to a noticeable decrease

foaming. Dose of defoaming agent

0.005-0.2% is optimal, which is confirmed by the data obtained (Fig. 2).

Example. Soapstocks from light oils in the amount of 37 liters are mixed with drinking water. The concentration of dry matter in the mixture

2.8%. The mixture is heated to 48 ° C, constantly stirred until the stock flow is completely dissolved. Then adsorbents are introduced: 0.8% cellulose, 0.8% diatomite, 0.7% hydrogen peroxide. Incubated for 18 min

with constant stirring and cooled to 8 ° C. The mixture is filtered. The finished filtrate is acidified with hydrochloric acid to a pH of 6.8. A defoamer is obtained in an amount of 100 liters. Before use, the prepared defoamer is heated to 38 ° C, stirred until a uniform consistency is reached, and 0.003% of the raw material is added. Antifogging capacity on whey 0.55 units. Organoleptic characteristics: homogeneous fluid

light brown liquid with a characteristic odor of vegetable oil.

PRI mme R 2. Soapstocks of light oils in the amount of 45 liters are mixed with drinking water. The dry matter concentration of the mixture is 6.5%. The mixture is heated to 70 ° C, stirred until the copsoles are completely dissolved. Then adsorbents are introduced: 1.25% cellulose, 1.25 diatomaceous earth, 1.5% hydrogen peroxide. Keep for 25 minutes with constant stirring and cool to 17 ° C.

The mixture is filtered. The finished filtrate is acidified with hydrochloric acid to pH 8. A defoamer in an amount of 100 liters is obtained. Before use, the prepared foam extinguisher is heated to 50 ° C, stirred until a uniform consistency is reached, and 0.1% of the raw material quantity is introduced. Foaming capacity of dairy cheese 0.8. Organoleptic characteristics: homogeneous fluid yellowish liquid with a characteristic odor of vegetable oil.

Froze Soapstock from light oils and the amount of 52 liters is mixed with drinking water. The concentration of dry substances in omesi is 9.0%. The mixture is heated to 95 ° C. mix continuously until the stockpile is disintegrated. Then, the following are added: 1.8 zi /: lulose, 1.8% diatomite, 2.2% hydrogen peroxide. The mixture is kept for 32 minutes with constant stirring and cooled to 26 ° C. W fil

tirovaniye mixture. The resulting filtrate is acidified with hydrochloric acid to pH 9.2. Get a defoamer in the amount of 100 liters. Before use, the prepared antifoam is heated to 64 ° C, stirred until a homogeneous consistency is reached, and 022% of the amount of raw material of the foams is added to the whey capacity of 0.5 & units Orgaioleptic indicator homogeneous fluid liquid brownish color with a characteristic smell of vegetable oil.

Claims (1)

Claim Invention A method for producing antifoam agent. used in the condensation of milk whey, which involves the preparation of congestion and its incorporation into whey, characterized by that. that, in order to increase the antifoaming opacity of soap stock to improve its organoleptic characteristics and reduce consumption, soap stock is prepared in three stages: in the first stage, soap stock is mixed with injection water to achieve a concentration of 3-8% solids and heated to 50-90 ° C by constant stirring until complete dissolution; in the second stage, the resulting mixture is added with 1.0-1.5% cellulose, 1.0-1.5% diatomite, 1.0-2.0% hydrogen peroxide of 33% concentration is kept for 20-30 minutes, cooled to 10-24 ° C and filtered, HS of the third stage the resulting filtrate is acidified with hydrochloric acid to pH 7-9. Table 1 Indicators odor and consistency Odor Colour Oily liquid consistency Specific to soap stock, low odor of organic decomposition products from light brown to brown Way Famous Proposed Liquid, gel formation is allowed at a temperature below 20 ° C Mild, peculiar to vegetable oils Light yellow with brown tint Type of raw material Cheese serum Curd whey Ultrafiltrate cheese whey Molasses refined dairy Sugar Ultrafiltrath % pll h ° X eight-  § R I (/ g / Time - Exposure, min table 2 Foaming ability, units tny way 0.70 0.67 0.71 The proposed method 0.75 0.73 0.81 0.63 0.71 0.68 0.79 / 60 t t wo I -in ". I §47 20 0,001 0,005 0,10,20,3 The number of lenogasit & y,% FIG. 2