SU1662947A1 - Water cleaning device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to devices for purifying natural waters and can be used in municipal and industrial water supply and sanitation systems. The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of water purification. The water treatment apparatus comprises a reservoir, a variable cross-section inlet chamber, a flocculation chamber, a settling tank and a filter. The flocculation chamber is located between the entrance chamber and the settling tank and is made with inclined walls forming an angle of 40 - 60 ° between them, with the wall adjacent to the settling tank being made with a slit located between the wall and the bottom of the settling tank throughout the entire width of the wall equal to (0.04 - 0.08) B, where B is the sump width. 1 il.

Description

The invention relates to devices for the purification of natural and waste waters and may find application in municipal and industrial water supply and drainage systems.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the cleaning efficiency.

The drawing shows a diagram of the proposed device.

The device contains a tank 1 divided by partitions into an input chamber 2 of variable cross section, chamber 3 flocculation, settler 4 and filter 5. The source water supply pipeline is made in the form of two branches 6 and 7. One of which is located in the lower part of the entrance chamber 2, and the other - in the upper part of chamber 3 flocculation.

The entrance chamber 2 is made of a pyramidal shape with an angle of inclination of the lower half of the wall 8 to the horizon equal to 60 °. A perforated distribution pipe 9, connected to branch 6, is located in the inlet chamber for supplying a portion of the total water flow and pipe 10 for emptying and discharging sludge 10.

Chamber 3 flocculation is made with walls 11 and 12 inclined at an angle of 60 ° to each other and bottom 13 at an angle of 30 ° to the horizon. The inclined wall 11 is a common connecting chamber 2, the inclined wall 12 is common with the settling tank 4 and forms a slit 14 with the bottom of the settling basin. The height of the slit is (0.04-0.08) 6, where B is the width of the settling basin.

The sump 4 is pyramid-shaped, the lower part of the sump pyramid is symmetrical, its walls are inclined to the horizon at an angle of 60 °. The sump includes a conduit 15 for emptying and discharging

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sediment and tray 16 for feeding water to the filter. five.

The filter has a pipeline 17 for draining purified water, a pipeline 18 for feeding and a pipeline 19 for draining washing water.

A device for water purification works as follows.

Coagulant or other reagents are loaded into the inlet chamber 2, the original raw water is fed partly into the inlet chamber along branch 6 of the pipeline, part e of the flocculation chamber along branch 7 of the pipeline.

The entrance chamber 2 plays the role of a saturator, where part of the water flow dissolves. The reagent solution through the weir of the wall 11 is transferred to chamber 3, where the rest of the raw water stream is fed. In the upper part of chamber 3, the reagent is mixed with water, in the lower part - flocculation. Next, the water flow is filtered through the precipitate in the flocculation chamber, a slit 14 passes, the suspended sediment is filtered in the sump, collected by the tray 16 and drained to filter 5 for final cleaning. The suspension suspended in the settling tank settles in its lower part and is regularly removed through the pipeline 15.

The quality of water treatment at the plant depends on the ratio of costs for pipelines m 6 and 7 and is regulated by shut-off and control valves on these branches. During operation, the reagent in chamber 2 is periodically reloaded and maintained at the level of the transition of the left wall from the inclined position to the vertical.

Due to the location of the flocculation chamber between the inlet chamber and the settling tank and its implementation with inclined walls, a sufficiently complete mixing of the water flows from the inlet chamber saturated with reagents and the source water supplied to the upper part of the flocculation chamber is achieved. Increasing the area of the chamber along the movement of water due to the inclination of the walls of the chamber promotes smooth mixing of the flow and intensive flocculation.

Smooth turns of the coagulated liquid streams promote good mixing of the flow without crushing the coagulum flakes, which ensures large flake sizes and thus a high rate of their deposition in the sump.

By making the walls of the flocking chamber with an angle of 40-60 ° between each other, complete mixing of water with reagents, good flocculation and preservation of the structure of the flakes are achieved, which contributes to the high effect of water purification.

The implementation of an inclined wall separating the flocculation chamber from the settling tank, with a gap across the entire wall width at the bottom of the settling basin, allows for a smooth transition of the flow into the settling basin and its passage through the sediment. Filtration

The water to be purified through the sediment contributes to the achievement of a high water purification effect due to the more complete utilization of the sorption capacity of the reagent flakes and a more complete flow of coagulation.

Owing to the gap in the lower part of the flocculation chamber, it is hydraulically connected to the settling tank and the water is filtered through a layer of sediment.

0 Ratio of slot height (h) to width

the sump (B) should be in the range of 0.04-0.08, with this ratio providing the greatest effect of water clarification. Making the slot size with height

5, less than 0.04V leads to a deterioration of the cleaning effect due to an increase in the velocity of water in the gap, the formation of flow directional jets and the removal of contaminants from the sump. Increase

A relative slit height of more than 0.08 V leads to a decrease in the velocity of the fluid, a deterioration in the mixing of the layer of suspended sediment in the settling tank and the formation of stagnant zones in the sediment. Besides,

5, an increase in the height of the slit reduces the path of fluid through the sediment and the time of contact of the soil with the sediment. All this leads to a deterioration in the effect of water clarification.

0Application of the installation for water purification at the stations of purification of natural and waste waters allows to increase the cleaning effect of water from suspended matter by 10% and reduce the consumption of materials of the installation by more than

5 1.5 times.

Claims (1)

Apparatus of the Invention A water purification apparatus comprising a reservoir, an inlet chamber arranged in series 0 section, flocculation chamber with inclined walls and a settling tank, a wall separating the flocculation chamber and a settling tank, made with a slot in the lower part, feed water supply lines 5 and outputting clarified water and sediment, characterized in that, in order to increase the cleaning efficiency, the water supply pipeline is made in the form of two branches, one of which is located in the lower part of the entrance chamber, and the other in the upper part of flocculation measures, wherein the height of formation from the settling tank, is a gap in the wall separating the flocculation chamber - (0.04-0.08) 8, where B is the width of the settling tank,