SU1653775A1 - Device for executing artificial pulmonary ventilation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to medical technology can be used for artificial ventilation of the lungs, improves its efficiency and extends the range of stable operation in the direction of small values of minute ventilation. The invention consists in introducing between the pneumatic supply source and the pressure stabilizer mode switch, connecting the injector nozzles to a common chamber communicating with the atmosphere through a non-return valve, installing a safety valve between the non-return valves and the control chamber of the separation unit. The mode switch and the reset valve are electromagnetic, their operation is synchronized and controlled by the master block. 3 Il.

Description

The invention relates to medical technology and can be used for artificial lung ventilation (ALV).

The purpose of the invention is to increase efficiency and expand the range of stable operation in the direction of small values of minute ventilation of the lungs.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the ventilator; figure 2 - block diagram of the master node; FIG. 3 is a graph of injectors flow characteristics.

The ventilator contains a pressure regulator 1 of the air supply source 2, a 3 mode switch, controlled by the master unit 4. The output of the 3 mode switch is connected to the 5 minute ventilation regulator. The regulator 5 has two outputs, one of which is connected to the first injector 6, and the other to the second injector 7. The suction nozzles of the injectors 6 and 7 are combined in the form of a chamber 8. communicated with

atmosphere through a non-return valve 9. At the outlets of the injectors 6 and 7, respectively, non-return valves 10 and 11 are installed. The outlets of which are connected through a safety valve 12 to the separation unit 13.

In the node 13 there is a respiratory fur 14, which forms, with check valves 15 and 16, controlled by the exhalation valve 17 and the mask 18 a breathing circuit.

The output of the separation unit 13 is connected. with the relief valve 19 controlled by the driver unit 4 The (pneumatic) outlet of the relief valve 19 is connected with the atmosphere through the check valve 20.

The pressure stabilizer 1 serves to compensate for possible pressure fluctuations at the outlet of the air supply source 2, which reduce the adjustment accuracy and the stability of the set value of minute ventilation. As a commercially available

SP

with

about ate with vj vi ate

air stabilizer CB 1.6-338-01. The pressure stabilizer is controlled by adjusting the ventilator in such a way that with the regulator valves as open as possible for 5 minutes, the minimum pressure at the outlet of the stabilizer ensures the upper limit of the minute ventilation.

The switch of 3 modes serves to interrupt the flow of gas supply and can be made in the form of a three-line valve with electromagnetic control, for example, of the type P-RE-3 / 25-1112UHLU,

The driver unit 4 serves to form the durations of the inhalation mode and the exhalation mode. With this design, it contains a generator of 21 rectangular pulses, the output of which is connected to the first input of the former 22 of the control signals for the frequency of switching the phases of the respiratory cycle (Fig. 2).

The first output of the imaging unit 22 is connected to a switch of 3 modes and the input of the imaging unit 23 of the mode control signal Artificial sigh, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the generator 21. The second output of the imaging unit 22 is connected to the reset valve 19 and to the input of the imaging unit 24 mode control signals The secondary ventilation, the output of which connected to the second input of the mapper 22. The device also includes the shaper 25 of the signal inhibition of breath, the first input of which is connected to the output of the generator 21, the second input to the first output form irovatel 22, and an output - to a third input of 22.

Shaper 22 of the control signals of the frequency of switching the phases of the breathing cycle is designed to implement the main mode of operation of the ventilator, consisting in a periodic alternation of the inspiratory mode with the presence at the first output of the signal O, and at the second - the signal 1, and the exhalation mode with inverted signals at the outputs, a predetermined switching frequency and a predetermined ratio of the inhalation and exhalation durations.

The mode control signal generator 23 Artificial Sigh is designed to control the frequency of the apparatus in this mode in accordance with medical requirements, i.e. every 80-100 respiratory cycles.

Shaper 24 of the mode control signal The auxiliary ventilation is designed to carry out the patient's simultaneous respiratory attempt by switching the ventilator from exhalation to inhalation and, if there is no attempt, by the expiratory signal from the time counter entering the imaging unit 24.

Shaper application 25 Prohibition

inhalation allows you to control the inhalation pause mode.

The use of an electronic-type driver unit 4 saves some

gas supply required for operation of the master unit when it is performed pneumatic,

A check valve 9 installed in the atmospheric opening of the chamber 8, which unites the suction nozzles of the injectors 6 and 7, is made fungal. When one of the injectors 6 or 7 overturns, the check valve 9 prevents the gas from escaping into the atmosphere and allows it to flow through the chamber 8 into the suction nozzle of the second injector, thus either increasing the injection rate of the injector 6 (or 7) or ensuring the operation of the injector 6 (or 7) in

Drossel mode with two outputs through the check valve 10 (11) and injector 7 (6) and check valve 11 (10).

Spring type safety valve 12 is designed to limit

. the maximum allowable pressure in the separation unit 13. which may occur in the event of a malfunction and lead to the destruction of the separation unit.

The valve 19 of dumping - membrane type with

electromagnet control.

The ventilator operates as follows.

On the master unit 4 set the required values of the frequency switching

and inhalation and exhalation time ratios. The switch 3 modes and the valve 19 reset alternately turn the master unit 4 in the breath mode, in which the switch 3 modes is open, and the valve

5 19 reset is closed, and in the exhalation mode, in which the switch 3 modes is closed and the valve 19 reset is open.

In the inhalation mode, the gas from the gas supply source 2 of the gas supply through the pressure regulator 1 and the mode switch 3 enters the input channel of the 5-minute ventilation control and, depending on the position of the control body of the latter. 5 through its output channels is directed either to the first injector 6. or to the first and second injectors 6 and 7, and then through the corresponding check valves 10 and 11 and the safety valve 12 passes to the separation unit 13

The respiratory fur 14, located in the separation unit 13, is compressed, and the respiratory mixture contained therein through the check valve 16 and the respiratory circuit mask 18 enters the patient's respiratory tract. Artificial breath occurs.

In the exhalation mode, the patient exhales through the valve 17 to the atmosphere or to a hose (not shown) attached to the valve 17, and the relief valve 19 opens, allowing gas to flow out of the separating unit 13 through the non-return valve 20 to the atmosphere. The respiratory fur 14 expands, providing a fence through the non-return valve 15 of a new portion of the breathing mix.

When operating at small and medium values of minute ventilation, at low gas pressures at the inlet of one of the injectors (the first 6 or second 7) and therefore its resistance to counterpressure decreases, the first injector 6 (or 7) may tilt when a back pressure reaches a critical value. In this case, for a certain time in the inhalation mode, the supply gas will flow from this injector 6 (7) to the second injector (6) through chamber 8, which connects the suction nozzles of the injectors 6 and 7, since the check valve 9 installed in the orifice chamber 8 communicated with the atmosphere prevents the gas supply to the atmosphere

Thus, at small values of minute ventilation, the first injector 6, after tilting for a certain time, in inspiration mode works as a throttle with two outputs: the first through the non-return valve 10 and the second through the non-working second injector 7 and the non-return valve 11, those. the tilting effect, which consists in venting gas to the atmosphere from the injector at specified times, is virtually eliminated, which causes the gas to be saved during operation of the ventilator.

With average values of minute ventilation, the injection coefficient of the injector 6 increases due to the flow of feed gas into its intake nozzle from the second injector 7. when it rolls over. The provision of such a mode of operation of the first and second injectors 6 and 7 improves not only the efficiency of the feed gas consumption, but also the accuracy of adjusting the minute ventilation throughout the entire range of values, by eliminating the discharge of feed gas for a certain time in the inhalation mode through the suction nozzles of the injectors, combined with the atmosphere, and due to the reduction in this regard of the requirements for the resistance of the first and second injectors 6 and 7 to counterpressure and the possibility of increasing the injection coefficient.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A ventilator containing the source of pneumatic feeding. serially connected master unit, mode switch and minute ventilation controller, to the two outputs of which the first and second injectors are connected, through the first and second check valves connected to the control chamber of the separation unit, whose working chamber is separated from the control chamber by fur and The exhalation valve is connected to a respiratory mask, and a relief valve connected to the control chamber, characterized in that in order to increase efficiency and extend the range of stable operation towards low temperatures In the case of minute ventilation, a pressure stabilizer installed between the pneumatic supply source and the mode switch is inserted into it, the suction nipples of the first and second injectors are connected to a common chamber communicated with the atmosphere through a third check valve, a safety valve is installed between the first and second check valves and the separation unit, and The mode switch and the reset valve are electromagnetic and are connected to the outputs of the driver unit. Fig1 21 -I 22 g 15 2 S Mmin) / f valve cffpoca i To switch switch Ps. vmox G7L-A ESFig .3 Po%. f fPfpf water s / l.)