SU1647625A1 - Teaching aid for demonstrating deformation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to educational tools and can be used in higher and secondary specialized institutions in the study of processes of welding and pressure treatment in the course of the technology of construction materials. The aim of the invention is to expand the demonstration capabilities by demonstrating the mechanisms of welding deformations. The training device contains a base, a load bar, elastic elements connected with one end to the base, and others with a load bar, a magnetic coupling containing two magnets, and a viscous element. One of the mag- and nites is connected to the load bar, and the other with a viscous element. The latter is also associated with the base. 1 il.

Description

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The invention relates to academic studies and tools and can be used in the study of processes of welding and pressure working in the course of the technology of construction materials in higher and secondary specialized educational institutions.

The aim of the invention is to expand the demonstration capabilities by demonstrating the mechanisms of welding deformations.

The drawing schematically shows the training device.

Load bar 1 is associated with elastic elements 2 (compression springs). A viscous element, for example, in. as cylinders 3 with cavities connected by choke 4 to adjust the resistance by

magnetic coupling 5 is connected to the load bar 1. Magnetic coupling 5 contains two magnets connected by opposite poles and rigidly connected respectively to the load bar 1 and the viscous element .. The elastic elements 2 and the viscous element are also connected to the base 6 , and their axes are parallel.

The operation of the device reduces to a demonstration of the mechanism of welding (thermomechanical) deformations. When a load P is applied (created by, for example, a load) the load bar 1. descends, overcoming the resistance of the elastic elements 2 and the viscous element, imitating the process of thermal expansion of the material in the zone

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weld seam. The magnets at the same time work on compression, imitating interatomic coupling. The resistivity of the viscous element imitates the plastic properties of the material. As the weld seams and cools, the expansion in its zone is replaced by shrinkage. This is modeled by relieving P.

In this case, the elastic elements 2, restoring the original non-deformed position, act through the magnetic coupling, working on breaking, on the viscous element. If residual plastic deformation is simulated (choke 4 is closed), then the magnetic coupling may be subjected to a breaking load, exceeding this one in magnitude, with the result that it is broken. This is how the process of welding cracks is modeled. To simulate a heated welding leveling the residual stresses, adjusting the throttles 4 achieves the reverse displacement of the viscous element under the action of the springs 2 and the magnetic coupling 5 does not break. This demonstrates the mechanism of technological equalization of residual internal 625

of the stresses in the material being welded, eliminating cracking.

Similarly to the proposed training device, it is possible to demonstrate the deformation mechanisms during pressure treatment.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A training device for demonstrating deformations, containing a load bar, elastic elements connected at one end with a load bar, two magnets connected by dissimilar poles with the possibility of disconnection, one of which is connected to a load bar, due to the fact that in order to expand the demonstration capabilities by demonstrating the mechanisms of welding deformations, it contains a base and a viscous element with adjustable resistance, one end connected to the base, and the other to the second magnet m, the elastic members associated with the second ends of the base, wherein the elastic and viscous member are arranged so that their lines parallel to the load sensing.