SU1646798A1 - Satellite-type production line - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering and can be used for the machining of large-sized body parts. The aim of the invention is to expand the technological capabilities of the line by simplifying the station for fixing and clamping the satellites and by selectively linking the satellite devices to the conveyor. Each stubi zi fixation and clamping satellite devices contains clamps that are included in the base bushings of the satellite fixture. One base bushing is capable of being self-mounted on the retainer by moving in the guide bars as the bar 16 moves. Each satellite fixture contains an unbalanced lever 32, kinematically connected by a pull 35 with the pawl 36. The satellite moves by moving the bar 16 when it interacts pusher 17c with the pawl 36. If it is necessary to stop the satellite device at one of the positions, the pawl 36 is deflected and fixed in this position by the lever 32. 3 Cp f-ly, 9 ill. w О О ± о VI th CD

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering and can be used for the machining of large-sized body parts mounted in satellite devices.

The aim of the invention is to expand the technological capabilities of the line by simplifying the station of fixation and clamping of satellites and due to the selected coupling of satellite devices to the conveyor.

FIG. 1 shows a line, a general view; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows the node I in FIG. 2; in fig. 4 is a view B in FIG. 2; in fig. 5 shows a section B-B in FIG. 2; in fig. 6 - section G-Y in FIG. five; in fig. 7 is a section d-d in fig. 4 (turned); in fig. 8 is a section E-E of FIG. 2; in fig. W section in FIG. 2

The line contains the position 1 of the product installation, the position 2 of the product clamp, the working positions 3, 4, 5, 6 arranged in the technological sequence, the positions 7, 8 of unclamping and removing the finished product, interconnected by the step conveyor. The working position 3 of the bores of the base hole contains the power heads 9 and 10. The hole machining position 4 is intended to perform drilling and other operations for machining mounting holes having a precise position relative to the boring hole at position 3 of the base hole.

At position 4, power heads 11 and 12 are installed with multi-spindle nozzles, to which conductors 13 and 14 are fixed for drilling mounting holes. The conveyor drive 15 performs the reciprocating movement of the rod 16 provided with stops 17 (FIG. 3) for moving the companion satellites 18 along the track 19 (FIGS. 1 and 2).

Stations of fixation and clamping of satellite devices are installed at the working positions along with the processed large-sized case parts fixed to them.

Each station fixing and clamping satellite devices contains clamps 20 and 21 (Fig. 2), interacting with two base sleeves 22 and 23 (Fig. 4) of the satellite accessories. The satellite clamping at the working position is performed by power cylinders 24, the heads of the rods of which (Fig. 2) fit into the grooves formed by the strips 25 and 26 (Fig. 4) fixed to the base of the satellite. The satellite is mounted on four travel wheels 27 (Fig. 2). To stop the satellite before fixation, an abutment stop serves 28. Each satellite fixation and clamping station is equipped with four devices 29 (FIG. 2) for vertical movement of the satellite. After fixing the satellite, the satellite is lowered and clamped, and after finishing the processing

the satellite is lifted to the transport position.

The base bushing 22 (Fig. 4) is rigidly connected to the base of the satellite 18, another base bushing 23 is installed in the slider 30 (Fig. 7)

0 can be moved relative to the base of the satellite 18 along the axis connecting the latches 20 and 21 in the direction of transport of the satellite. The slider is pressed against the base of the satellite by the slats 31. It is possible to move the sleeve 23 (Fig. 4) from the nominal position between the two additional restraints, which are made completely with the strap 31, by the gap between the corresponding surfaces of the hub 23 and the strap 31 (clearance K - one way, the gap L - the other).

Such an attachment of the sleeve provides increased reliability of the satellite fixation by increasing the contact area between

5 clamps and sleeve with less stringent requirements for the location in the longitudinal direction of the station fixing and clamping satellites for large parts. The error size M for fixing and clamping stations and for satellite bodies can be increased by 10–20 times in comparison with the known automatic lines of satellite type.

The magnitude of the gaps K and L may be

5 received within 2 ... 3 mm.

Each satellite fixture is equipped with a device for selectively coupling the satellite to the conveyor.

The device contains an unbalanced lever 32 (Fig. 3) mounted on an axis 33, the second arm 34 of which is connected by means of a pull rod 35 to a pawl 36 mounted rotatably around a horizontal axis 37 rigidly connected with

5 by the satellite body 18.

In the working (engaged) position under the action of the weight of the lever 32, the pawl 36 contacts its surface H with the corresponding surface of the case when the satellite method (Fig. 3).

On the rod 16 (Figs. 2, 3, 9), fixed stops 17 are fixed. Surface P of the stop interacts with the corresponding surface of the pawl 36 during the working movement of the satellite attachment to the right. When returning the bar to its original position (left), the beveled surface P of the stop 17 interacts with the beveled surface C of the dog 36 of another satellite.

To detach the satellite from the conveyor, the lever 32 is rotated to the position as long as the dash line is dotted. The rotation is performed by the operator or a special device, not shown in the drawing,

The bar 16 (Fig. 9) of the conveyor consists of carriages pivotally interconnected, at the ends of which rollers 38 are installed, in contact with guides made in the form of two corners 39. The extreme carriages are connected to chain 41 by means of strips 40. Zana with drive 15 conveyor.

The device 29 for the vertical movement of the satellite contains a section 42 (Fig. 6) of the track, mounted on the element 43, which is under the action of the springs 44 (Fig. 5) through the pushers 45 is held in its original (middle) position (shown in Fig. 5). The element 43 is mounted for swinging around an axis 46 mounted on a slider 47 (Fig. 6) of the hydraulic cylinder 48 of the vertical movement of section 42. Crackers 49, located in the grooves of the hydraulic cylinder 48, prevent the slide 47 from rotating around the vertical axis.

The device is provided with an additional latch 50 mounted on the axis 51. One end of the latch is connected to the piston 52 of the cylinder 53 of the retraction of the latch. The piston 52, in the absence of oil pressure in the upper cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, is held in the initial position shown in FIG. 6, the latch 50 is in contact with the stop 55, while there is a gap T between the working surface C of the latch and the corresponding bevelled surface of section 42. The length along the moving section of the track is L d. where d is the diameter of the working part of the traveling wheel.

Device for centering the conductor mounted on a hinged suspension

56 (Fig. 1). Device contains centrovic

57 (FIG. 8), to which the housing 58 of the 3-cam self-centering chuck is attached. The cams 59 are engaged with the crosspiece 60. The crosspiece is attached to the piston 61 of the hydraulic cylinder 62 of the conductor clamp. On the left, the piston 61 is exerted by the force of the spring 63, under the action of which, in the absence of oil pressure in the cavity C of the cylinder, the cams 59 move away from the cylindrical surface of the sleeve 64, rigidly connected to the conductor plate 65, in which the conductor sleeves 66 are located to drill holes 67 processed parts 68. Drills 69 are fastened in extensions not shown in the drawing. The conductor plate 65 is connected to the multi-spindle attachment by four rolling pins 70, the rigidity of which is chosen so as to allow the conductor to move from the nominal position by the amount of error in the position of the axis of the reference surface I of the workpiece 68. The fixation of the centric 57 to the workpiece is performed by

three clamping mechanisms, each of which includes a housing 71 with a piston rack 72 located therein, which engages with a gear wheel 73 mounted on an axis 74. The clamping lever 75 is rigidly attached to the axis 74,

The alignment clamp occurs when the oil is fed into the right cavity of the housing 71 (the position is shown in FIG. 8). The lever 75 is returned to its original position (shown in paragraph) by the spring 76, in the absence of oil pressure in the right-hand cavity of the hydraulic cylinder.

Lini works as follows. At position 1 (Fig. 1), the operator installs the machined body part 68 into the satellite 18 device. Pre-installed on the track 19 (the vehicle for installing the satellite and the workpiece in Fig. 1 is not

0 shown). After pre-alignment of the workpiece with respect to the satellite fixture, the operator, by turning the unbalanced lever 32, engages the satellite attachment with the conveyor (the position is shown in Fig. 3). B. This time at work positions 3, 4, 5, 6, the processing of body parts clamped in other devices satellites is performed. At working positions 3. 4. 5. for example, the treatment of product I. was performed. And at position 6, the processing of product II.

The processing of the product I and the product II is also performed at the working positions not shown in Fig. 1. Accordingly, the unclamping and

5 removal of product I is performed at position 7. And unclamping and contacting of product II at position 8, the items removed from the line are transported to the next process equipment and the satellite device without returning my part back to my position 1 in the next cycle (the vehicle for returning the device — the model is not shown in FIG. 1).

At position 2, the operator performs

5 final alignment of the axis of the base surface of the workpiece 68 with respect to the fixture-satellite 18, fixed and clamped at the working position of the bore. Depending on the design of the workpiece and the satellite fixture, the clamp position 2 of the product can be aligned either with position 1 or with position 3. After the alignment is completed, the operator clamps the part and bores the base hole, At the next position 4 after fixing and clamping satellite, the operator enters the centro 57 ntrovika (Fig. 8). The ram 72, moving to the left, rotates the gear wheel 73 and the lever 75 to the position shown in FIG. 8. CENTRAL clamp is going on 57. After starting the power heads 11,12 with multi-spindle nozzles, the machine on potion 4 is performed according to the automatic cycle: power stop with multi-spindle nozzle to the workpiece, jig clamp, drilling holes 67, retraction of the drill 69 from the workpiece 68, uncoupling the conductor, retraction of the head with the multi-spindle attachment to the initial position, rotation of the head to the next angular position (position) and performance of other technological transitions in the processing of the mounting holes. The conductor is clamped relative to the centric 57 when an oil pressure appears in the cavity C of the hydraulic cylinder 62. The cross 60 moves to the left together with the cams 59 contacting the cylindrical surface of the sleeve 64. At this, the conductor is self-aligning along the clamped centric, which provides the required position of the axes of the mounting holes 67 relative to the base cylindrical surface of the workpiece 68.

When clamping, the rolling pins 70 are deformed by the magnitude of the position error of the centerpiece, not preventing the further movement of the power head during the working feed. The opening of the conductor plate 65 occurs after the pressure drops in the cavity C. Under the force of the spring 63, the piston 61 moves to the right, and the cams 59 move away from the sleeve 64. The centering pressure opens after the pressure drops in the right cavity of the housing 71 of the hydraulic cylinder, under the action of the spring 76 moving the piston rack 72 to the right and retracting the lever 75 from the workpiece. The levers 75 in the position shown by the dotted line do not prevent the centrovik from withdrawing along with the suspension from the workpiece 68 before moving the conveyor in the next cycle.

Moving the conveyor along with the satellites coupled to the conveyor occurs after the end of machining the part in the positions connected to the line,

Automatic cycle of the conveyor

and stations for fixing and clamping satellite devices at work positions: unclamping the satellite, unlocking, lifting the satellite, retracting the stop 28, turning on the drive 15, accelerated movement of the rod 16 with the satellite devices to the right in FIG. 1, switching the drive 15 to a slow speed, bringing the stop 28 to the working position (shown in

5 of FIG. 2), disconnecting the drive 15, fixing the satellite device, lowering the satellite device, clamping it, turning on the drive 15 and returning the rod 16 to the original (leftmost in FIG. 1)

0 position.

The lifting of satellite devices after unclamping occurs when the pressure in the lower cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 48 of each lift (Fig. 6) reaches a value up to 5 times enough to overcome the weight of the satellite with the product. In this case, the slider 47, together with the swinging elements 43 and the rail section 42, lifts the corresponding running wheel 27 of the satellite 18, before that

0, oil pressure is also supplied to the upper cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 53 of the retraction of the latch 50, which occupies the position shown in dotted lines. In the extreme upper position of the section 42, the crackers 49 abut against

5, the upper ends of the grooves of the hydraulic cylinders 48, then the upper cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 53 is connected to the drain, the pressure in the cylinder drops, and under the action of the latch spring 54 rotates to the position shown in FIG. 6, with regard to the stop 55, a gap T is formed between the beveled surface C of section 42 and the latch 50, sufficient to release the latch before lowering the satellite.

5 After the satellite fixture is stopped by the folding stop 28, the satellite impellers are approximately in the middle of the straight line section of each section 42. Satellite fixation at the working position

0 occurs when the clips 20 and 21 are upwardly inserted into the holes of the base sleeves 22 and 23. The longitudinal satellite position

5 provides a retainer 20 that fits into the opening of the fixed sleeve 22. The sleeve 23 self-aligns along the retainer 21, moving in the longitudinal direction together with the slider 30 (Fig. 7). Each base sleeve is provided with an inner conical surface that facilitates the release of the retainer into the sleeve. When the satellite is fixed, its lateral displacement occurs together with the swinging elements of the devices for vertical movement of the satellite device (Fig. 5), compression of the corresponding spring 44. After lowering the satellite device by mobile sections 42 by 10 ... 15 mm between the upper section plane 42, a gap is formed with the lead wheel 27 of the satellite device, the lower planes of the slats 25 and 26 touch the supporting devices for clamping the satellite device (FIG. 2), then the satellite device is clamped at the working position. After unclamping, unlocking and lifting the satellite attachment, when the traveling wheel ceases to come into contact with section 42, the swinging element 43, together with section 42, is installed in the middle position shown in FIG. 5. The movement of the satellite attachment occurs after the stop 17 of the rod is in contact with the dog 36 of the satellite attachment when it is engaged with the conveyor (Fig. 3). When any position is disconnected from the line, together with its hydraulic drive, the devices for vertical movement of the satellite attachment are in the upper (initial) position, in which the latches 50 touch the stops 55. The fixtures 20 and 21 are retracted, the satellites are decompressed. The conveyor is free to move the satellite through the position. Such a device for fixing and clamping a satellite expands the technological capabilities of the line and increases its reliability.

Claims (4)

1. Satellite-type lines for machining mainly large-sized body parts, containing equipment located in a technological sequence, including working positions for boring and machining holes on the jig, power heads with multi-spindle nozzles, mounting and clamping positions machined parts, reciprocating barbell and pushing elements with dogs for moving satellites along the track, fixation and clamping stations of the satellites, including clamps interacting with the two basic hubs of the satellite, devices for clamping the satellites and devices for vertical movement of the track section with the satellite by means of a hydraulic cylinder, characterized in that. In order to expand technological capabilities, each satellite is equipped with an unbalanced two-arm lever mounted to cooperate with one shoulder with a pawl, while the working position of drilling holes is provided with a device for centering the conductor, made in the form of a self-centering cartridge and a centralizer with clamping elements, and a self-centering cartridge located with the possibility of installation on the hole, which is made in the conductor plate, and the centering is rigidly fixed to the self-centering patr and not provided with basic elements for mounting it on the base surfaces of the workpiece. 2. Lines of claim 1, wherein that the pushing elements are made in the form of stops fixed on the rod, with the possibility of contact with dogs, the axes of which are fixed on the bodies of the satellites. 3. Lini on PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that one of the base bushes of the satellite is installed with a possibility of limited movement in the direction of transport of the satellite. 4. Lines according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for vertical movement of a section of a rail track is provided with a spring-loaded latch mounted to be in contact with elements of the section of a rail track and fixing the latter in an upper position at the level of a rail track, while the latch is kinematically connected with additionally introduced hydraulic cylinder.  at # && l 86A9IN Ј / Y vv 86Ј9b9l w Bad Ug.9