SU1638446A1 - Device for burning a non-granulated solid fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to energy and m. used in thermal power plants and in boilers operating on solid fuels. The purpose of the invention is to intensify the combustion process. For this purpose, a perforated shell 7 with an upper bell 8 is vertically mounted in the furnace 1. The shell 7 separates the furnace 1 into a central channel 9 with a dense layer 2 of fuel and a peripheral channel 10 with a fluidized bed 3 of fuel. The air supply pipe 5 is placed in the channel 9 and is made with holes 11 and 12. The first stream of air passes through the pipe 5 under the grate 4 of the fluidized bed 3, the second stream through the holes 12 of the pipe 5 enters to burn volatile, and the third stream through the holes 11 pipe 5 is supplied to burn carbon large particles in the layer 2 of fuel 1 s p f-ly, 1 sludge

Description

The invention relates to energy and can be used in thermal power plants and boiler houses operating on. solid fuel.

The aim of the invention is to intensify the process of burning fuel,

The drawing schematically shows the proposed device for burning solid non-fragmented fuel.

A device for burning solid non-crushed fuel contains a furnace 1 with a dense layer 2 of large and fluidized bed 3 of small particles of fuel. The fluidized bed 3 of small particles of fuel is equipped with an air distribution grill 4 connected to the air supply pipe 5 located in the furnace 1, equipped with an ash discharge pipe 6. In the furnace 1, a perforated shell 7 with an upper bell 8 is vertically installed. The shell 7 divides the 20 furnace 1 into a central channel 9 with a dense layer of fuel 2 and a peripheral channel 10 with a fluidized bed 3 of fuel. The air supply pipe 5 is placed in the central channel 9 of the furnace and is made in the lower and 25 middle parts with additional outlet openings 11 and 12, respectively. A nozzle 6 for ash discharge is located under the central channel 9 and the peripheral channel 10 of the furnace 1. On the outer side 30 of the air supply pipe 5, a perforated nozzle 13 is installed with the possibility of axial rotation in the area of the holes 11 and its lower part 13. The furnace 1 is equipped with screen heating surfaces (not 35 cauldron).

A device for burning solid non-fragmented fuel works as follows.

Fuel is fed into the central channel 9 40 of the furnace 1 through the bell 8 of the shell 7. Through the perforation of the shell 7, fuel particles are separated. Large chunks of fuel pass through the central channel 9 of the furnace in a top-down direction, where successive processes of drying, separation and burning of volatiles occur. In the lower part of channel 9, carbon fuel is burned. Small fractions of fuel are burned in a fluidized bed 3. Burning 50 small fractions and non-combustible compositions in a fluidized bed 3 provide a high coefficient of heat transfer to the screen heating surfaces.

The air necessary for the combustion process is supplied through a pipe 5, by means of which it is divided into three streams. One air stream in transit through the pipe 5 enters under the grill 4 of the fluidized bed 3, the second stream through the openings 12 of the pipe 5 enters for the combustion of volatiles, and the third stream through the openings 11 of the pipe 5 enters to burn large particles of carbon in the fuel layer 2. Part of the air of the second and third flows enters the furnace channel 10, maintaining the necessary temperature in the fluidized bed 3. The rotation of the pipe .13 provides air in a dense 10 layer 2 of fuel in a pulsating mode, which intensifies the combustion process of solid particles of fuel. The focal residues of the fluidized bed 3 are mixed with the residues coming from the central channel 9 and removed from the furnace 1 through the pipe 6.

The combustion process in the central channel 9 is conducted with a significant excess of air, and in the peripheral channel 10 with a slight drawback. The chemical burn in the fluidized bed 20 of the layer 3 is compensated by the excess oxygen contained in the products of combustion of the dense fuel layer 2, as well as an additional air stream through the perforation of the shell 7. This provides 25 reasonably low total excess air at a sufficiently high fluidization rate of the fluidized bed 3.

Thus, the proposed device allows to intensify the process 30 of burning fuel.

Claims (2)

Claim T. A device for burning unfinished solid fuel containing a firebox with a 35 dense layer of large and fluidized bed of small fuel particles, the last of which is equipped with an air distribution grill connected to an air supply pipe placed in the furnace, equipped with an ash discharge pipe, characterized in that , in order to intensify the process of burning fuel, a perforated shell with an upper bell is vertically installed in the furnace, dividing the furnace 45 into the central and peripheral channels, respectively, with DENSE AND BOILER MI: fuel layers, the first of which said air supply pipe is arranged, the latter in the lower and middle portions 50 is provided with additional discharge openings and the ash discharge pipe located under the central and peripheral channels furnace. 2. The device according to π. 1, on the basis of e. 55 with the fact that it is additionally equipped with a perforated nozzle mounted on the outside of the air supply pipe in the area of the openings of its lower part with the possibility of axial rotation.