SU1636539A1 - Structural framework - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the construction and can be used in the spatial frameworks of buildings and structures. The aim of the invention is to simplify the structure while expanding the possibilities of shaping and increasing the spatial rigidity. The structural structure includes knotted 9 core elements 10 having symmetric angular orientation of the axes, each node being configured to attach to it no more than fourteen core elements to form a conditional rhombododecahedron 2 with the center in the center of the structure node; the core elements are oriented along the axis of the rombododecahedron in seven through directions with a common point of intersection in the center of the node 9. 1 s. f-ly, 12 ill.

Description

WITH

WITH

about so about a

The invention relates to the construction and can be used in the spatial frameworks of buildings and structures.

The purpose of the invention is to simplify the structure while expanding the possibilities of shaping and increasing spatial rigidity.

FIG. Figure 1 shows the connections of modular grid nodes with conditional rhombododecahedra and the formation of polyhedra; in fig. 2 - diagram of the gradation of the dimensions of the length of the core elements; in fig. 3 is a diagram of the orientation of the core elements converging in a typical assembly: in FIG. 4 - modular cell of the structural structure in the form of a polyhedron of one third of the rhombohedron and its geometrical parameters; in fig. 5 - the same, in the form of one sixth cube; in fig. 6 is a plan of a rod structural structure formed by the arrangement of polyhedrons of one sixth cube and one sixth rhombohedron and having square cells; in fig. 7 is a plan of a rod structural structure formed by the arrangement of the polyhedra of one-third of the rhombohedron and one-sixth of the rhombohedron and having triangular cells; FIG. 8 is a section A-A in FIG. 6; in fig. 9 shows a section BB in FIG. 7; in fig. 10 is a plan of a rod structural structure formed by the arrangement of rhombohedron polyhedra and having triangular cells; in fig. 11 is a four-sided coating scheme with core structural structures formed by the arrangement of polyhedra of one third of the rhombohedron and one sixth of the rhombohedron; in fig. 12 is a section bb of FIG. ten.

The geometric structural design is formed as follows.

In the modular grid 1 with cells in the form of a conditional rhombododecahedron 2, polyhedrons are inscribed; cube 3. one sixth cube 4, double one sixth cube 5, rhombohedron 6, one third of the rhombohedron 7, one sixth of the rhombohedron 8, etc.

The dimensions of the edges of polyhedra inscribed in the modular grid 1. Have a modular V3 gradation, a multiple of - „-, namely: a,

V3

where a is the size of the small diagonal of the rhombic face;

V3

edge size of a lozenge dodecahedral cell of a modular grid. The orientation of the edges of the modular polyhedra in space is bounded by the directions of the axes of symmetry of the rhombohedral cell 2 of the modular grid 1, passing through the vertices of the rhombus dodecahedron 2. The mutual orientation of the edges remains unchanged when the modular grid 1 is assembled.

The structural design of the structure is as follows. In one node 9 of the structural structure, no more than fourteen core elements converge, of which six core elements 10, directed along the axis of symmetry of the fourth order 11, and eight rod elements 12, directed along the axis of symmetry of the third order 13.

In this case, the axes of the core elements are directed along the axis of the rombododecahedron connecting the opposite vertices with its center, and the center of the rombododecahedron is aligned with the center of the structural structure node. Their lengths correspond to the accepted modular gradation. Rod

0, the elements 10, directed along the axis of symmetry of the fourth order of 11, have a length a; rod elements 12, directed along the axis of symmetry of the third order 13,

a V3

f. have a length. The listed directions are used in the core structures completely or partially. Their various combinations lead to the formation of different from each other typological schemes of constructions 14-17, built on the basis of a single unified assortment of core and nodal elements.

Conditional polyhedra inscribed in a modular grid have characteristic geometrical parameters. The angles between the ribs are 54 ° 44, 70 ° 32. 90 ° and 109 ° 281; angles between the edges are 45 °, 60 °, 90 °, and 120 °. The shape of the faces has the form of a square 18, a rhombus 19 and an isosceles triangle 20 with a respectively0, ultrasound

By the side 1:. .

An example of a structural design is a rod spatial structure 14, formed5 by assembling a system of nodes with polyhedron rods one pole of cube 4 and one pole of rhombohedron 8 joined by the same conditional triangular faces 20 and filling the space without gaps. Another example is the structure 15, formed by the arrangement of conditional polyhedra, one third of a rhombohedron 7 and one pole of a rhombohedron 8. Construction 16 is formed by a composition of conditional rhombohedra 6, in which for rigidity small diagonals of rhombic faces of length a are set. The spatial structure 17 is formed by the junction of flat structural structures having a geometrical scheme 15.

The presence of a wide choice of modular polyhedra and the high variability of their mutual combinations, based on the high symmetry of the modular grid, make it possible to form many types of structural structures. These structures are distinguished by high strength and rigidity, the possibility of using them in buildings and structures for various purposes, and a variety of architectural forms.

The structural plates with square cells used in construction have an unjustifiably large structural height. This reduces their aesthetic qualities and leads to overspending of the material. Using this design, it is possible to reduce the height of these plates from 0.707 to 0.5 of the cell size a. The height of the structural plates with triangular cells can be reduced from 0.816 dr 0.707. This is achieved by replacing one second octahedron with one sixth of a cube in the first case, and a tetrahedron with one sixth of a rhombohedron in the second.

Due to the uniformity of the geometric parameters of modular polyhedra, the number of standard sizes of nodes, rods and the shape of planar faces is reduced to a minimum. Compared with the known solution, the number of used spatial directions of core elements has been reduced from 18 to 14, which contributes to simplifying the design of nodal connections. Spatial structures 14-17 and others can be assembled from elements of a unified mix, including one size of node elements 9 and two sizes of core elements

10 and 12, for example, lengths of 3 and 2.6 m. If necessary, the gradation of core elements 10 and 12 can be continued in

V3

both sides are multiple to the module - “-. Filling elements of spatial structures 18, 19, and 20, such as fencing panels, are unified.

The unification of the node 9 and core 10 and 12 elements and the reduction in the number of their standard sizes simplifies the organization of the industrial manufacture of core spatial structures, which leads to an improvement in their quality, a reduction in the cost and labor-intensiveness of production.

Claims (2)

1. Structural structure including node-joined core elements having symmetric axial orientation, characterized in that, in order to simplify the structure while simultaneously expanding the possibilities of shaping and increasing spatial rigidity, each node of the structural structure is designed to be connected to it no more than fourteen core elements with the formation of a conditional rhombic dodecahedron with the center in the center of the structure node, the core elements being oriented along the axis The seven dodecahedron has through-directions with a common point of intersection in the center of the node. 2. The structure of claim 1, wherein the core elements are oriented along the axes of cubic symmetry of a rhombododecahedron. FIG. 7 - e: L c, a, a but . 1Ж1 § i / k ъ AND  d ..H / J a co w ate w co sixteen L 9120 ° Figure 10 f $ fy ° W at Fig. 12 17 H "45e,  i) if & in s 30 Thebes 11