SU1633283A1 - Method of determining location of points relative to reference surface and device for - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of measuring equipment, in particular to geodesy, and can be used in the assembly of equipment and control of mating surfaces. The aim of the invention is to expand the field of application due to the possibility of carrying out measurements in the absence of gravity, with an arbitrary orientation, reference plane, as well as improving measurement accuracy and productivity. In the implementation of the method, at a defined point, two beams, diverging at constant angles, are formed, oriented so that each beam and direction of measurements are located in two mutually perpendicular planes. All directions are rigidly fixed in the beam and, for each beam, change the scale of the measurement in proportion to the secant angle. The device consists of a ruler with a penta K penta rigidly attached measuring rulers with scales, the axes of which intersect at one point coinciding with the origin, all rasters sliding with additional scales, made movable relative to the origin, at the ends of the scales are you, fixing the position of the origin relative to the reference plane. 2 sp.f-ly, 3 Il. with e (L O5 CO with 00 with

Description

The invention relates to a measurement technique, in particular, to geodesy, and can be used to assemble and control surfaces operating in the absence of gravity, as well as in construction during assembly and control of arbitrarily oriented planes.

The aim of the invention is to improve measurement accuracy.

FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of the method; in fig. 2 - device diagram; in fig. 3 - measuring ruler, longitudinal section.

The point of the surface is marked A, and the point of intersection of the directions of measurement of distances with the reference plane 1 is respectively A, A, and

Planes

and

2 Oe

mutually

J. J4J1W1 "I U 1 P Po Ha

perpendicular and intersect along the line. The flat angles of AgA (A9 and A3A, A4 are equal to ft,. The points of Ag and Ag are the bases of the perpendiculars lowered from the AL on the extension of direct AeAe and .. The point 0 is the orthogonal projection of the point Af to the plane 1, D the derivation of the formula for calculating the length of the perpendicular to the AdO denotes the measured lengths in the directions, 1 (), А (А + as в, а, с and calculate the distances A and А $ А4 using the cosine formula. Next, use the calculated distances they are calculated by the formula

jin & ± §in -2sj.n sjj 1cosj

sin

7

(3)

FIG. Figure 2 shows a diagram of the device, where pin 1 is shown, fixing the position of the point relative to which measurements are being taken, measuring ruler 2 with a scale, additional rulers 3, movable parts 4 of rulers with scales, pt 5 on the movable part of the rulers, fastening screws 6; in addition, RO is the position of the reference plane when setting it

sine value of D4d, d, lying and optical methods, Rm - position

plane 1

reference plane when specified by mechanical methods. Instead of scales, devices for measuring displacements can be used in the device: dial gauges, micrometers, moire sensors, etc.

cos

Have

AlIAtil ± lAiIA tllA4 A.f. (1

PA A TC-AaG

Thus, in the quadrangle AjAjA-jAs, the values of all interior angles 1d6d, f

1 90 °; LM, A (. 180e-f.

To find the length of the side, it is necessary to calculate 1-D, D, A6 Consider a triangle in which LAiAjA 90Л, a .A, 3 jf, get the formula for calculating the angle

| for the case when

t8 (f, - ctgfi, -

tglft- ctgfV --- f--.

(2)

A similar formula for the case when a s. Is used to calculate b d d a, only in it instead of (J {should read Cf4, instead of b - with a instead of ft, - H2.

For the case when a b; c, in the formula of the quantities a and b, and also a and c should be swapped. For the case when a b; c, value b / c.

Distance A.-A6 and are found by the formulas

A3-A6 asin ((; Aj-Aj asin

The square of the length of the diagonal of the quadrilateral is found by the formula

Ia

(0-AE)

,, + sinltfi - 2sinC {, sinj | icosjf),

sin $

favoring which, from the rectangular triangle A, OAE, find the distance of the point A, from the plane 1 by the formula

jin & ± §in -2sj.n sjj 1cosj

sin

7

(3)

FIG. Figure 2 shows a diagram of the device, where pin 1 is shown, fixing the position of the point relative to which measurements are being taken, measuring ruler 2 with a scale, additional rulers 3, movable parts 4 of rulers with scales, pt 5 on the movable part of the rulers, fastening screws 6; in addition, RO is the position of the reference plane when setting it

 optical methods, Pm - position

reference plane when specified by mechanical methods. Instead of scales, devices for measuring displacements can be used in the device: dial gauges, micrometers, moire sensors, etc.

Determination of the distance from the point to the reference plane is carried out as follows: the heel is combined with the point, at the intersections of the plane P Oorut the counts 10.1 and LJ for each ruler, find the values of a, Formulas

B, from to

but

B

oh +

1g +

V

g

with 10 + (Xs,

find the value of the distance of a point from the plane by formulas (1) - (3).

In the case of setting the reference plane, mechanically align point 1 with a point, loosen screws 6 and move the moving parts 4 of the rulers until contact n 5 5 with the plane PM, take readings (Y {and for each ruler, find values a, b, by formula

but

B

IMC dh 1

+ Y | ;

+ tft J

me +

The sought value is found by formulas (1) - (3).

Claims (2)

1. The method of determining the distance from the reference plane, at which three directions are specified, two of which are set from a definable point, three distances are measured along specified directions, with two 51 The distances are measured to the reference plane, and the results of measurements that differ from one another are processed so that, in order to improve accuracy, the angles between the third direction and the first two directions are measured at a defined point, while the planes in which The first and third directions, the second and third directions are orthogonal, and the third distance is measured to the reference plane.  2. A device for measuring the distance of a point from the reference plane 332836 containing a measuring ruler with a scale and a fifth, characterized in that, in order to improve accuracy, two additional rulers are rigidly attached to the scales with scales whose axes and the axis of the measuring ruler intersect at the starting point of all the scales, the axes of the additional rulers are mutually perpendicular planes passing, respectively, through the axis of the additional ruler and the axis of the measuring ruler, all the rulers being extended sliding. ten Jst 1 2