SU1633039A1 - Nonwoven filtering material for fine air purification - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the production of nonwovens and improves the performance properties of the filter material for fine air purification. Fiber canvas non-woven filter material contains synthetic polyvinyl chloride fibers with a linear density of 0, 15 ... 0.4 tex in the amount of 50-75% by weight of the canvas and profiled polyester twisted and matted fibers with a linear density of 1.0 ... 2.0 tex in the amount of 25-50% by weight of the canvas, the relative thickness of the canvas corresponds to the ratio, where H is the thickness of the filter material; db - the average fiber diameter, the value of the specific filter surface 40-65. 1 tab., 1 Il. (L

Description

The invention relates to the production of nonwovens and is used in the manufacture of filter materials for fine air purification.

The aim of the invention is to improve the performance properties.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in a nonwoven filter material for fine air purification containing a fibrous canvas of synthetic fibers, the canvas is made of a mixture of synthetic fibers bonded with needling, with a content of low shrinking polyvinyl chloride (PVC) fibers with a linear density of 0.15-0.4 tex in the amount of 50-75% by weight of the canvas and profiled polyester fibers with a linear density of 1.0-2.0 tex in the amount of 25-50% by weight of the canvas, made of twisted and matted, while the relative thickness the canvas is selected from the ratio

400 .-% - G530,

° 0 and the value of the specific filter

the surface F is chosen from the following inequality

40,

where H is the thickness of the filter material;

d "- the average diameter of the fibers.

The drawing shows a non-woven filter material, a general view.

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The proposed nonwoven filter material for fine air purification is a homogeneous (without layers) fibrous canvas containing twisted and matted low shrink PVC (porous) and shaped polyester fibers of a certain length (staple), held together by the needle-punching method. In low-shrinkable PVC (porous) fibers and on their surface pores are made. The pores in the fibers are formed during their production and have two types of arrangement with respect to the fiber cross section: some pores are close to the longitudinal arrangement, others to the radial, i.e., they have channels for air bubbles to exit from the inside of the fiber to the outer surface. In the latter case, the surface of the fibers becomes more coarse (rough) and thereby their dust retaining capacity increases. Fibers with a profiled section (such as a three-lobe profile, asterisks) are formed when they are formed through dies with a cross section of the same profile. In addition, each individual fiber has a torsion to give KOM fiber laxity, obtained by mechanical longitudinal twisting of a synthetic fiber tow. Then the rope is cut (stapled) into fibers of a certain length. Twisted fibers are stabilized at high temperature and relative humidity. Matted fibers have a matte rather than a shiny smooth surface and contribute to the creation of a filtering material with high mechanical strength and preserve its shape (structure and thickness). In addition, they are amenable to wet regeneration of dusty filter media.

During the filtration process, dusty air passes through a non-woven filter material, while dust particles settle on the core and porous surface of the fibers.

Example 1. Take 50% of twisted and matted polyester (polyester) fibers of a three-petal profile with a linear density of 2.0 Tex and a cutting length of 67 mm, 50% of twisted and matted low-shrink PVC fibers with a linear density of 0, 15 Tex and a cutting length of 67 mm and prepare from them a mixture that is served on races

- g 5 0 5 Q 5 Q $

0

combing unit and then to the canvas-forming device, on which the formation of a fibrous canvas of the desired thickness takes place. Then the canvas enters the needle-punching machine, where, during its needle-punching, due to dragging the fibers by needle notches throughout the entire thickness of the canvas, a bulk fabric with a given fibrous structure is obtained. In this case, the surface density of the material (mass 1 m2) is g / m2, and its thickness is 9.4 mm.

This method is made needle-punched non-woven filter material.

Example 2. Non-woven filter material is obtained from a mixture of 25% twisted and matted polyester fibers of a three-lobe profile with a linear density of 1.56 tex and a cutting length of 67 mm, 75% of twisted and matted low-shrink PVC fibers with a linear density of 0.4 tex and a cutting length of 67 mm The obtained fibrous canvas pierce needles (as in example l) throughout the thickness of the material. The surface material density is 300–15 g / / m, and its thickness is 9.4 mm.

Example 3. A fibrous canvas is formed from 40% of twisted and matted polyester fibers of a three-leaf profile with a linear density of 1.0 tex and a cutting length of 67 mm, 60% of twisted and matted low-shrink PVC fibers with a linear density of 0.22 tex and a cutting length of 67 mm. The filter material is obtained in the same way as in Examples I and 2, it has a surface density of 300 + .5 g / m2 and a thickness of 9.4 mm. I.

The higher cleaning efficiency of the proposed material (98%) allows it to be used in fine air purification filters used to dedust the supply air in the film industry in the production and subsequent processing of films and photographic materials in the pharmaceutical industry, precision instrument making, etc. . In addition, the large capacity of the proposed material allows it to be used as a filtering medium in air pre-filters before highly efficient

filters with material FP, significantly prolong the service life of the latter.

The indicated limits of the content of low shrinkable PVC and profiled polyester fibers in the material are optimal and allow to obtain a positive effect on the improvement of performance properties, namely, increase of heat capacity and cleaning efficiency.

In the manufacture of material with different ratios of incoming fibers, these indicators deteriorate.

Technical parameters and test results of non-woven filter material are given in the table.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Non-woven filter material for fine air purification, containing a synthetic fiber blend canvas five 0 needle-puncture-bonded fibers, characterized in that, in order to improve the performance properties, the synthetic fibers of the canvas are low shrink polyvinyl chloride fibers with a linear density of 0.15 ... O, 4 tex in an amount of 50-75% by weight canvas and profiled polyester twisted and matted fibers with a linear density of 1.0 ... 2.0 tex in an amount of 25-50% by weight of the canvas, while the relative thickness of the canvas corresponds to the ratio 400 C-5 530 dft where H is the thickness of the filter material; d is the average fiber diameter with a specific filtering surface of 40-65. 2.0 0.15 1.56 0.4 1.0 0.22 0,002 18.75 9.4 0.0232 21.93 9.4 0.0232 18.19 9.4 0.0232 1.0 5.0 0.0044 0.032 54.4 501 56 M.I 720 0.032 45, 6 429 52 98.6 0.032 55.7 517 60 99.0 550 0,0112 38 5000 77 98 125 m g % with/   /. ..: :.::/about;:.....-..; V % with/ synthetic haloktsa