SU1631376A1 - Device for remote detecting objects on spectral characteristics - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, can be used in the field of ecology and nature conservation. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of detection by the complex use of the spectral characteristics of luminance, reflection and fluorescence in field martyr modes of individual search. The device consists of an objective 2, a collimator 3, a spectral instrument 4, a photodetector 5. located on the same optical axis and oriented through the lens to the object 1, a laser 13, a photodetector 12 of power control connected between S

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to individual wearable means of diagnosing sos-15 then plants, the extent of their disease, contouring affected areas, etc., and can be used in ecology and nature conservation, in determining locations 20

nor the surface of water and soil, as well as in geology when searching for minerals.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of detection by complexly determining the spectral characteristics of luminance, reflection and fluorescence under field route modes of an individual search.

Figure 1 shows the structural 30 scheme of the device; figure 2 - node analog converter.

The device contains a directional N on the studied area 1 area, lens 2, as well as the collimator 3, spectral device 4, photodetector 5, node 6 processing results, block 7 of the display, input 8 mode selection, synchronizer 9, target indicator Q 10, secondary converter 11 power, photoreceiver 12 of power control, laser 13, frequency multipliers 14, input 15 Synchronizer start 9. synchronizer output 16, output of laser power 13 175, target indicator indicator 18, 10, output signal 19 of the ready signal of the secondary power converter 11, an eye 20.

Lens 2 collects the light from the object 50 50 and 1, forms a parallel beam from it using the collimator and feeds it to the spectral device 4. The latter can be performed, for example, on the basis of a diffraction grating or prism. Photodetector 12 and photodetector 5 can be, for example, photodiodes, photodiode arrays, photoresistances, photomultiplier tubes and other optical-to-electrical converters.

The synchronizer generates a time of 3-4 seconds and synchronizes the work of all nodes. The target indicator 10 generates a control signal by the detector 18 (marker). Depending on the signal at input 8 (operation mode), the indicator 18 is permanently on or off. Stopping the blinking of the marker signals the measurement of fluorescence, the constant activation of the marker indicates the measurement of the reflection coefficient, and the inclusion indicates the measurement of the object's brightness factor with active laser irradiation at selected wavelengths.

At the end of the irradiation mode and time to prepare the laser power supply from output 19, a ready signal of the secondary converter 11 arrives, and after 3-4 seconds from the result indication, the target indicator 10, by control command from output 16, gives permission for marker blinking and a ban on its permanent burning.

The secondary power converter 11 produces an accumulation of energy from a power source, for example, batteries or dry cells, gives a ready signal to input 19 and allows the laser 13 to turn on at the command of a synchronizer.

The device can be used with a solid-state laser p with an output power of radiation P-5 MW at a wavelength of ft 1.06 µm and a pulse duration of ~ 10 sec. The laser radiation intensity 13 is measured by a power control photoreceiver 12, which is subsequently used to determine the reflection coefficient by dividing the reflection signal from an object obtained by subtracting the brightness before irradiation from the brightness after irradiation by the intensity of irradiation, i.e. on the output power of an A / j laser.

Obtaining irradiation wavelengths L and provides the use of frequency multipliers 14, for example, on and COR. The frequency multipliers 14 allow you to add the necessary frequencies to the original radiation, for example, 2 and 3 harmonics, and thus to use multi-frequency monopulse radiation, i.e. in one pulse with 0 there are L,, flx, ft-i.

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The result processing unit 6 performs the following operations: amplifying and normalizing the signals of the detectors, transmitting them to the indicators on the control signal from the output 16 of the synchronizer 9, storing these signals received before irradiation, and subtracting them from the signals received after irradiation to obtain signals caused only by irradiation, dividing the difference signals by the radiation power signal to obtain equivalents of the reflection coefficients or dividing the difference signals into reference signals proportional to the reflection by The selected wavelengths of the reference surface, perpendicular to the incident radiation, to obtain equivalents of spectral luminance coefficients, as well as the transfer of the obtained equivalents and fluorescence signal to the corresponding indicators in the display unit on the control signal from output 16.

Node 6 processing of results contains at least 4 identical elements. Each element includes an amplifier 21, a peak detector 22, a sample storage device 23 (VHF), keys 24 and 25, a subtraction circuit 26, a dividing circuit 27, a reference voltage input 28, a synchronizer output 16, a mode selection input, a power control output 17 laser. The peak detector 22, by the control command of the control input 1, captures the maximum value of the photodetector signal during (or after) the object is irradiated. A sampling-storage device 23, for example, in its initial state, transmits an amplified signal of a photodetector 5, equivalent to luminance in each of. selected wavelengths, the corresponding indicators or control command at the output 16 remembers its value preceding the irradiation of the object.

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The subtraction circuit 26 subtracts the VHF signal from the peak detector signal, i.e. subtracting the signal from the photodetector 5 after irradiating the object. Thereby receive a signal caused only by irradiation. This allows for a fluorescence wavelength of 4 to receive an equivalent signal. fluorescence caused by irradiation, and at the same time at wavelengths A,, ft, AZ signals equivalent to luminance. Dividing circuit 27 divides the difference signal from subtracting circuit 26 into one of the voltages at the output 17 in the case of determining the reflection coefficient (QD) or input 28 - in the case of determining the luminance coefficient (QW), depending on the mode selection command on the input 8 The result through the key 25 is fed to the indicator.

According to the signal from the output 16 of the synchronizer 9, the keys 24 and 25 give for indication either a signal from the VHR (key 24) or a signal from the dividing circuit (key 25).

The node processing results works as follows.

In the initial state, the absence of a command on the output 16 of the synchronizer 9 permits the passage of the signal from the photodetector 5 through amplify 21, the UVH 23 and the key 24 to the display unit. In this case, on display unit 7, the result of determining the spectral brightness on the selected fl is presented. Upon a command from the output 16 of the synchronizer 9, the signal from the photodetector 5 is stored at the water economy unit 23, the key 24 is closed and the key 25 is opened. The signal from the photodetector 5 through the amplifier 21 is fed in parallel to the water economy unit 23 and to the peak detector 22, which captures its maximum value and feeds it to the subtractor 26. Here, the signal from the TCD is subtracted from it, and the result is fed to dividing circuit 27. Depending on the selected mode, the input 8 is divided into one of the signals from output 17 or input 28 o

The result of the division through the key 25

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 enters the display unit 7. At the end of the time of displaying the Q and QW fluorescence signals, the synchronizer 9 sets the processing node to its initial state. With

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this on the indicator will again be the result of determining the brightness in the absence of irradiation.

The device for remote detection of objects by spectral characteristics works as follows.

The optical signal from object 1 is through the lens 2, the collimator 3 is fed to the spectral device 4 and then in the form of spectral lines to the photodetector 5. Here the optical signal is converted into electrical at each of the selected wavelengths. The electrical signals from the photodetector 5 are fed to the result processing unit 6, amplified and fed to the display unit 7. In this case, the observer sees the object, on the indicator - the result of luminance measurement, on the target designation circuit 10 - a flashing warning device 18. Next, on the input, the observer selects one of two operation modes, and on input 15 triggers the synchronizer 9. The last control output 16 generates a command to memorize the measurement result of the spectral brightness, and the secondary power supply converter 11 sends a command to start the laser 13. In this case, the laser radiation 13, together with the radiation from the frequency multipliers 14, passes through the objective 2 to the object 1, and the signal 18 congestion schemes target director re - flashing ceases.

The optical signal from the object 1, obtained as a result of irradiation, through the lens 2, the collimator 3, the spectral device 4 is fed to the photo detector 5, converted into electrical signals, which are fed to the result processing unit 6. Here, the results obtained by the photodetector 5 before the irradiation from the results obtained after irradiation are subtracted, the fluorescence signal is extracted by one of the channels and the results of the subtraction are divided by the laser power control signal or the reference voltage. The signaling of the selected mode is accomplished by the targeting scheme 10 by turning on the marker when measuring the reflection coefficient and turning it off when measuring the brightness coefficient, and the fact that the marker does not blink identifies about the measurement of fluorescence. After 3-4 results display

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synchronizer 9 sets the device to its original state. Evidence of this is the flashing of the marker. The device is ready for the next object analysis cycle.

The complex use of spectral characteristics of brightness, fluorescence, coefficients of brightness and (reflection allows to increase the information content of the analysis and the reliability of detection. Multi-frequency monopulse mode of object irradiation and analysis of results allows to increase the speed of analysis and significantly reduce the size, weight and power consumption of the device. Preliminary selection of an object by parameters brightness allows us to narrow the number of objects studied and thereby reduce the amount of exposure to determine This results in fluorescence characteristics, which significantly reduces the power consumption of the device. This allows the device to be used as a portable individual analysis tool.

Claims (1)

1. Device for remote detection of objects by spectral characteristics, including a lens, collimator, spectral device and photodetector located on the same optical axis, as well as a laser whose optical axis is aligned with the optical axis of the lens, and a photodetector of power monitoring optically connected to the laser. , characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of detection by complex determination of the spectral characteristics of brightness, reflection and fluorescence, it consists of at least four identical elements of the results processing unit, as well as a display unit connected to it, a synchronizer connected to the target indication circuit, a processing unit of the results and a secondary power converter, the readiness output of which is connected to the targeting circuit and the synchronizer, and the other output is connected to the laser, in the course of the radiation of which frequency multipliers are installed, while the photodetector of power control is connected to the processing unit results, the other inputs of which are connected to the photodetector bus and the choice of operating mode, the latter connected in parallel with the target designation circuit containing a detector, which is located on the optical axis of the lens with the display unit, while the photodetector contains at least four elements that are sensitive in different spectral ranges . 2,. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that each element of the processing of results in one of the spectral ranges comprises an amplifier connected to a co 10 15 63137610 the corresponding element of the photodetector, as well as a peak detector and a sampling-storage device connected with the first inputs to the amplifier, and outputs connected to a subtraction circuit connected to the division circuit, the inputs of which are connected to the laser power and reference voltage operating mode tires and the output is connected to the first input of the first key connected to the output with the display unit and the output of the second key, in which the first input is connected to the sampling-storage device, and the second one is parallel to the second input ervogo key connected to the output of the synchronizer 21 22 24 25 26 27 eight FIG. 2 П 28