SU1627538A1 - Process for producing organomineral fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the production of fertilizers, namely the production of organic fertilizer based on hydrolytic lignin and natural phosphates. The purpose of the invention is to simplify the process while increasing the agrochemical efficiency of the fertilizer. The method of obtaining organic fertilizer includes mixing lignin with phosphates while grinding. The mixture of lignin and phosphates is carried out in two stages with a total lignin: phosphate ratio of 1: 2, and in the first stage the mixture is carried out with a ratio of lignin: phosphate of 1: 1, with simultaneous treatment with nitric acid or its mixture with sulfuric acid at the ratio of phosphorite: acid is 1: 3, and in the second stage, the interaction is carried out with the remaining amount of phosphates while granulating the product. Fertilizer is characterized by high agrochemical efficiency. Fertilizer production technology allows the use of substandard phosphate raw materials and the utilization of lignin waste from hydrolytic production. 1 hp f-ly, 1 tab. with /

Description

The invention relates to the production of fertilizers, namely the production of organic fertilizer based on hydrolytic lignin and natural phosphates.

The purpose of the invention is to simplify the process while improving the agrochemical efficiency of fertilizers.

Example 1. Pre-crushed 0.5-1 mm phosphate ore from the Syundukovsky deposit

composition,%: RaO 9.9; CaO 28.7; SiO 22.1; C02 12; MgO 1.3; FezO 8.2; 1.8 in the amount of 1 kg, 1 kg of hydrolytic lignin and 3 kg of nitric acid beats. weights of 1.2 g / cm3 are mixed and simultaneously crushed in a porcelain ball mill for 10 minutes. The resulting suspension is discharged into the granulator, where 1 kg of natural phosphate crushed to 0.1-0.2 mm is simultaneously fed, granulated for 10 minutes and dried to contain flags of 4-5%.

The resulting organic fertilizer contains in the amount of 41-45% of nutrients, including,%: PjOy 6-7; N 6-7; K20 1.0-1.5; From 28-30, the vegetation agrochemical tests of this fertilizer on the mid-podzolic soil of the TASSR with maize show that the dry weight yield increased by 118% compared to the control without fertilizers.

EXAMPLE 2 In the absence of a source of product acid, nitrogen oxides obtained by the plasma-chemical method in an autonomous reactor can be used to decompose the phosphate-lignin mixture by fixing nitrogen and oxygen in an low-temperature arc discharge plasma.

Phosphorite ore of the same composition crushed to 0.5–1 mm in the amount of 1 kg and 1 kg of hydrolytic lignin is mixed and crushed in a spherical porcelain mill for 20 minutes, in the presence of

120-150 ° C steam-air mixture containing 4-5% nitrogen oxides. The condensation of the vapor-air mixture on solid particles of phosphate leads to the formation of weak nitric acid, which decomposes phosphate and partially lignin.

The resulting mixture is discharged into the granulator, where 1 kg of crushed phosphate is simultaneously fed, granulated for 1) min, then dried to a moisture content of 4-5%. The resulting fertilizer contains in the amount of 40- 43% of nutrients, including,%: P205 6-7; N 5-6; K20 1-1.5; From 28 to 30.

Tests of the obtained fertilizers were carried out with the use of vegetation experiments with corn on medium podzol soils and showed their high agrochemical function (selectivity relative to the control experiment. The yield of dry mass of maize increased nt 114.7%.

Example 3. Waste (tailings) of enrichment of phospholite in the Tsko-Kamskoye field, containing,%: 8.6; Si02 56; CaO 26; Fe203 2.2; lip, O 1,2; 1.6 in the amount of 1 kg, 1 kg of hydrolytic lignin and 3 kg of the mixture of nitric and seonic acid with a density of 1.3 g / cm3 that was used for the preparation of nitrocellulose are mixed and simultaneously noted in a ball (minor pattern) for 1 min. Then

the mixture is granulated with the addition of 1 kg of ground waste (tailings) of phosphate enrichment for 10 minutes, and dried to a moisture content of 4-5%. The resulting fertilizer contains in the amount of 40-45% of nutrients, including,%: P20y 5-6; N 5-6; K 1-1,5; From 28-30.

To determine the optimal ratio of phosphate and lignin, vegetative tests of fertilizer mixtures were carried out within the ratio of phosphate: lignin 1: 3 - 3: 1 on sod - medium podzolic and medium clay soils with maize. The data presented in the table. As follows from the table, the optimum is a mixture with a content of 2 parts of phosphate and 1 part of lignin.

As can be seen from the table, the agrochemical efficiency of fertilizers based on a mixture of lignin and phosphate (3) almost doubles when treated with nitric acid and three times when treated with a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids (spent acid from nitrocellulose production) n at the optimal variant (4, 5) the ratio of lignin and phosphate, equal to 1: 2, exceeds the efficiency of double superphosphate in equivalent doses of NPK. The experiments also show an improvement in the soil structure due to the high content of the organic component.

Claims (2)

1. A method for producing organomineral fertilizer, which includes treating hydrolyzed lignin with nitric acid, melange or nitrogen oxides, mixing with phosphates, granulating and drying the mixture, characterized in that, in order to increase the agrochemical efficiency of the fertilizer and simplify the process, acid treatment is carried with mixing with phosphates and grinding the components of the mixture at a 1: 1 ratio of hydrolytic lignin and phosphate, phosphorites are added to the resulting product before granulation until a ratio of hydrolytic lignin and phosphate is 1: 2. 2. The method according to p. 1, distinguished by-1 u and in that as a melange use the waste of the production of cytocellulose - a used mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids in the ratio of 1: 2. Control without fertilizer NPK on 100 mg / kg of soil based on double superphosphate W + P - 100 mg / kg of soil as a 1: 2 mixture of lignin with phosphate without acid treatment. W + P - 100 mg / kg of soil as a mixture of 1: 2 lignin with phosphate. treated with HNOyt-H2S04 L + P - 100 mg / kg of soil as a 1: 2 mixture of lignin with phosphate, treated with HNO, F + P - 100 mg / kg of soil as a 1: 1 mixture of lignin with phosphate, treated with HSP Composition with a ratio of lignin and phosphate equal to 2: 1 Composition with a ratio of lignin and phosphate equal to 3: 1 CSTs when the ratio of lignin and phosphate equal to 1: 3 Composition during the processing of phosphate-lignin mixture with nitrogen oxides 70 174.0 104.0 137.5 67.5 138.6 118.6 180.0 110.0 175.3 105.3 11.2 23.812, 6 112.5 67.5 96.4 17.8 6,6 58.9 L9.4 29.3 18.1 161.6 157.1 24.413.2 117.9 105.3 151.2 24.4 13.2 114.7