SU1622890A1 - Demonstration device for teaching musical notation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to demonstration training devices and can be used when studying music literacy. The aim of the invention is to increase the didactic effect. The demonstration device for teaching music literacy contains a matte scoreboard with graphically executed images of the bass and treble clef musical notes, as well as the lines of the musical staff. At the bottom of the scoreboard is a musical instrument keyboard with light displays in the keys. In the case of a musical instrument on each key there are installed magnets interacting with reed switches that switch backlight lamps. The electronic stopwatch controls the illumination of the warning lights installed on the illuminated displays. Cameras with lamps for illuminating the alteration signs are placed behind the matt board. 3 hp f-ly, 8 ill.

Description

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The invention relates to demonstration training devices and can be used in the study of musical literacy.

The aim of the invention is to increase the didactic effect.

FIG. 1-3 shows a matte screen - a board, a general view; in fig. 4 - backlight control unit and piano keyboard. general form; in fig. 5 is a diagram of an electronic metronome: in FIG. 6 is a basic electrical control circuit for the backlight lamps; in fig. 7 - board of alterations; in fig. 8 - board alterations. general form.

A demonstration device for teaching music literacy contains a scoreboard 1, made in the form of a matte screen 2. On the inner surface of which images of musical signs are graphically made.

in the form of the corresponding white keys of the ovals 3 and the corresponding black keys of the elongated ovals 4, as well as the images of the bass 5 and the treble 6 keys. According to the arrangement of the note marks 3 and 4, the main lines of the note mill 7 and the extension lines are plotted.

In the lower part of the screen 2 there is an image of the keyboard 9 with the keys 10 and the light boards 11, and in the upper part there are the dynamic loudspeaker 12 and two additional light boards 13 and 14.

Permanent magnets (not shown) interacting with reed switches 17 (switching elements of notes) are installed in the body of the musical instrument 15 on each key 16 of the keyboard. They are connected through dividing diodes 18 with backlight lamps 19, which are located

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for the images of note marks 3 and 4 and in the light displays 11. The switching elements of the 17 notes are grouped by tacho by means of the main switch of 20 octaves.

The backlight lamps 19 installed on the light boards 11 are switched by an additional switch 21 octaves. The switches 20 and 21 octaves are placed in the backlight control unit 22 next to the keys 16. Through the switches 20 and 21, octaves are selected when the sound of the scores or the keyboard image 9 is illuminated. The electronic metronome circuit contains transistors 23 and 24, capacitors 25 and 26, adjustment 27 and limiting 28 and 29 resistors.

In the load of transistors 23 and 24, relays 30 and 31 are mounted, which contain switching contacts 32 and 33.

The switching contact of the contact group 32 is connected via a capacitor 34 to the positive terminal of the power supply (not shown), the opening contact is connected to its negative terminal, and the closing contact is connected to the speaker 36 via the amplifier 35.

The switching contact of the contact group 33 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the closing and opening contacts, respectively, with signal lamps 37 and 38, installed in the light boards 13 and 14.

Behind the matte screen 2 there is a block of cameras showing key signs, consisting of fourteen light bulbs 39, each of which consists of two cells 40 with lamps 41 arranged in them. 43 alterations - by sharp, flat, double-sharp, double-flat and backup. Each of the lamps 40 is controlled by a switch 44 in the control unit 22.

Demonstration device for teaching music literacy works as follows.

In the initial state, all the switches 20 and 21 in the control unit 22 are set to Off, the power supply unit is disconnected. When you press any of the keys, the corresponding reed switch 17 is triggered due to the approach of the magnet, however, the lamp 19 is not hot.

When the contacts of the switches 20 of any octave are closed, a closed circuit is formed: plus the power source — the contacts of the switch 20 — the reed switch 17 — the corresponding separation diode 18 — the backlight lamp 19 — minus the power source. If now also include an additional switch 21 corresponding

The octaves, a part of the current passing through the reed switch 17, will branch off to the corresponding diode 18 and the lamp 19 of the keyboard image 9. The lamp 19 will light up and highlight the corresponding note on the display of the 10 key.

0 If several keys are simultaneously pressed on the piano keyboard, some consonance or chord is displayed on screen 2. For example, notes are pressed (keys) do, mi and salt. Students are offered

5 determine the structure of this chord. To do this, it is necessary to calculate the number of tones, determine the type of tertiary chord components.

When counting tones (by semitones or

0 otherwise) according to the image of the keyboard 9 or directly at the piano, students (especially at the initial stage) skip past the black keys on the way and are often considered to be semitones.

5 as the adjacent keys of the mif and b-c, and the pitch separated from one another (salt-l, for example, or remi).

Ved count halftones on the sound do

0 of the stave 7, students are bumped into vertical ovals 4. which denote the corresponding black keys, and the calculation of the intervals is unmistakable. Simultaneous structure mapping

The 5th chord within (in the recording on the stave) the sound and on the keyboard of the screen allows students to better understand the structure of the interval of the chord.

The difference in the structure of the major and minor triads is as follows. To elucidate the tone structure of the chord in question, the teacher changes the note in mi-flat. Students can see that the lamp on the image of the keyboard 9 is lit.

5 between re and mi is a black key, and instead of mi there is a vertical oval on the left of the note mi. There is a problem situation: it is necessary to establish the name of this note mark 0 re-sharp or E-flat. You can see that the triad has been analyzed until-mi-sol and the student comes to the conclusion that the sought-for sound is not a re-sharp, but an E-flat. The picture looks like the image of the keyboard 9, and on the musical scores 7.

Practice has shown that the arrangement of notes in a large counter-octave is memorized by pupils with greater difficulty than notes located in the first and even small octaves. WITH

in order to facilitate the task and provide a more compact demonstration device (by reducing the length of the screen and increasing its width, the scale of the image of note marks is increased), the sound in both keys is recorded one above the other. Under these conditions, knowing the position of a note in the first or small octave, it is easy to set the name of the corresponding note in the second and large octave. The task is also facilitated when analyzing chords containing a large number of sounds (notes) repeated in other octaves.

The metronome can operate in three modes - sound, in optical and in mixed, when light signals are combined with sound. At the same time, the light signals continue for the entire half-period, and the sound one only marks the beginning of the first half of the metric beat.

The metronome works as follows.

The transistors 23 and 24 alternately open and close at intervals depending on the capacitance values of the capacitors 25 and 26, the adjusting resistor 27 and the base resistors 28 and 29. Since each of the arms of the multivibrator is open for half a period, the relays 30 and 31 under current for the time when one or the other transistor is open. Beeper relay 30 is de-energized through contacts of contact group 32 and 33 charges accumulator capacitor 34. As soon as transistor 23 opens, relay 30 triggers and flips contact of contact group 32. Capacitor 34 is discharged through amplifier 35 and in speaker 36 a click is heard. Clicks are repeated through each cycle of the multivibrator.

The light signaling lamps, however, operate for both half periods from start to finish. At the moment when the transistor 24 is closed and the contact of the contact group 33 is closed. The lamp 37 is on. When the transistor 24 is opened, the relay 31 flips the contact of the contact group 33. The lamp 38 lights up. Then the cycle repeats.

Claims (4)

1. Demonstration device for teaching music literacy, containing a body with a piano keyboard, placed above it on the scoreboard in the form of a matte screen with the main and additional lines of the violin and bass musical notes with the images of musical signs and keys printed on them, the image keyboards with light boards on each image; keys placed on the back side of the screen; interchangeable boards of alterations and the backlight of musical signs, keyboard keys, and icons alterations, an illuminated control unit, containing switches for alteration characters, switching elements of note marks, kinematically connected with corresponding keys, and electrically connected to the corresponding 10 backlight lamps of the note mark and keyboard key image, and a litany unit about the fact that, in order to increase the didactic effect, the graphic images of note marks corresponding to white and black keys have different shapes, and the backlight control unit additionally includes dividing diodes according to the number of backlight lamps of note marks and keys, main and additional octave commutators; the first output of each backlight of the note signs is connected to the first terminal of the power supply, its second output is connected through a series of separating diode, switching element of the note mark and the main the octave switch is connected to the second power supply terminal, and the first terminal of each key image backlight lamp is through the corresponding isolating 0, the diode is connected to the switching element of the note mark, and its second terminal is connected to the first terminal of the power source through the corresponding additional octave switch. five 2. The device according to claim 1, of which it is so that each switching element of a note mark is made in the form of a reed. and on each key there is a permanent magnet with the possibility of interaction with the corresponding reed switch. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability, it contains two additional backlights, and the control unit 5, the backlight additionally includes a dynamic loudspeaker, a capacitor and an electronic metronome, made in the form of a multivibrator, the arms of which include a relay, and each additional backlight through the corresponding contact of the switching group of the first relay is connected to a power source, the corresponding loudspeaker through 5 The second relay is connected to the first terminal of the power source, and the other contact to its second terminal. 4. Device pop. 1, characterized in that the scoreboard is made in the form of a wall screen. / eight / / 73 V 1 FIG. one FIG. 3 1b Figm f SP n8 04 4 -fcn  A " Qj 4lx u - ,, 17NG7-1Y si -fc068ZZ91 K M. UGPK First Optada Second L Oct Oct iiiii l i i A d d d g g 7l g Large / Octaya. Mala 20 FIG. 6 g f g White to Shosh g aya Mala Octa g f g f Lla about pc TO 4J 39 FIG. 7 FIG. eight 2