SU1622532A1 - Device for sinking pile into ground by driving - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mining and construction equipment and is intended for driving pipe-casing into the ground. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device by increasing its rigidity. On the front of the impact node 1 is placed the sleeve 2 with a radial front and tail tabs. Between the latter, the main and additional elastic elements in the form of curved lamellar springs 3 and 16 are installed, respectively. Compressing sleeve 2 to pipe A is provided with a device for adjusting the stiffness of the elastic element by rotating the threaded rod 17 or supplying compressed air to the power chamber. The piston 9 moves and presses the sleeves 3, 16. Additional annular inserts provide the possibility of laying a wide assortment of pipes in diameter and wall thickness. When the impact unit 1 is turned on, the sleeve 2 mixes with the pipe 4 and the tail protrusion rests on the end of the pipe 4. This ensures the distortion of the latter due to the centering action of the springs 3 and 16. 9 CU. f-ly, 11 il L L- N-,

Description

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The invention relates to mining and construction equipment and can be used for plugging pipes - casings for trenchless laying of underground utilities, for driving metal piles, etc.

The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability by increasing the rigidity of the device for immersing a pipe in the ground by clogging.

FIG. 1 shows the device section; in fig. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 is a view B in FIG. one; in fig. 4-9 are embodiments of the device; in fig. 10 is a sectional view BB in FIG. 9; in fig. 11 is a sectional view of the GT in FIG. 9.

A sleeve 2 is mounted on the front part of the impact unit 1, which is provided with an elastic element — springs 3, made in the form of at least three petals placed circumferentially, for example, offset by 120 °. The outer diameter of the springs 3 is somewhat larger than the inner diameter of the pipe to be driven 4. The sleeve has front and tail radial protrusions 5 and 6, between which springs 3 are mounted. The diameter of the tail radial protrusion 6 corresponds to the external diameter of the pipe 4 to be driven. 7 on its cylindrical surface or with stepped transverse depressions 8 on one of the protrusions, for example on the front 5, displaced along the axis and in the radial direction, for mounting one of the ends of the rod ins 3. The apparatus may comprise a piston 9 (FIG. 6) disposed in the power chamber 10 formed by the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve 2 and the sleeve 11 covering the piston 9, wherein the cavity is connected to a source of compressed air through the compressed air line 12. The protrusion 6 of the sleeve 2 may be provided with an annular liner 13 having a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the pipe 4 to interact with it. It is possible to use one (Fig. 4) or several additional liners 14 and 15. In the latter case, the liner 13 has an outer diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the pipe to be driven 4, additional liners 14 and 15 have an outer diameter less than the internal diameter of the pipe to be driven 4. Carry - it is possible to perform the device with an additional elastic element in the form of springs 16 mounted on sleeve 2 axially to springs 3 with a circumferential displacement of 60 ° relative to the latter. The force chamber 10 may be located between the elastic elements. In this case, the power chamber 10 can be made in the form of a sleeve 11 with the main and additional pistons 9, each of

which is placed on the sleeve 2 with the possibility of axial movement and podzhzti corresponding springs 16 and 3. At the location of the piston 9 in the rear part of the sleeve 2 (Fig. 10) it can be threaded

0 a rod 17 placed in a threaded bore 18 of the sleeve 2. The springs 3 may have transverse projections 19 of annular shape (FIG. 4) on the outer surface. These protrusions have a triangular longitudinal section. The angle formed in section can be sharp and directed towards the front of the device.

The device works as follows.

0C of the end of the pipe 4 to be driven install a device designed to clog the pipe 4. When the impact assembly 1 is turned on (by supplying compressed air to it), impulses are directed towards

5 driven pipe 4, at the initial moment it is necessary to press the device forward to compensate for the recoil forces arising during the operation of the impact unit. Under the action of a shock pulse device

0 is advanced in the pipe 4. wherein the springs 3 are deformed. The frictional force arising between the contacting surfaces of the pipe 4 and the springs 3 compensates for the recoil force. The device moves in the tube until

5 as long as the tail radial protrusion 6 is abutted into the end of the pipe 4. Then the impact pulse from the impactor 1 through the sleeve 2 and the radial protrusion 6 is transmitted to the end of the driven pipe 4, which predetermines

0 promotion of the last in the ground. To remove the device from pipe 4, after completing the operation on driving it into the ground, it is necessary to change the direction of the shock pulses by switching the operation mode

5 of the impact unit 1. The shock pulse in the reverse mode is directed in the opposite direction, which leads to the device being removed from the pipe 4. When the radial protrusion 6 of the sleeve 2 is made composite, the device is universal, i.e. it is possible, replacing one annular insert 14 with a smaller diameter with another with a larger diameter (Fig. 4). to hammer pipes of 4 various diameters. If the inside diameter changes

5 of the tube 4, for example, the wall thickness of the tube 4 is increased, an additional liner 15 is installed (Fig. 4), which reduces the distance between the annular projections 5 and 6. This leads to additional deformation in the radial direction of the springs 3,

which ensures the occurrence of friction force over the contact surface of the device and pipe 4. To increase the range of diameters of pipes 4 to be driven, sleeve 2 is made with depressions 7 on the cylindrical surface of sleeve 2 (Fig. 6) or with stepped depressions 8 (Fig. 7). Installing the ends of the springs 3 in the recesses 7 or 8, raise the springs 3 above the sleeve 2, i.e. increase the diameter of the device in the section where the springs 3 are installed.

In the case of using a variant of the device shown in FIG. 6. It is possible to use the sleeve 2, which has a diameter over the cross section, where the springs 3 have the maximum deflection, is smaller than the internal diameter of the pipe to be driven 4. At the same time, the device is installed inside the pipe. Then, compressed air is supplied through line 12 to the power chamber 10, under the action of which the piston 9 is displaced axially. The maximum displacement of the piston 9 is determined by the length of the sleeve 1 1, the piston 9 compresses the spring 3, ensuring its contact with the pipe 4. friction force over the contact surface, holding the device in the pipe 4. The transverse protrusions 19, having a triangular cross-section and a cross-section, provide a more reliable contact of the end surfaces of the device and the pipe being driven 4 When the shock pulse is directed towards the front of the pipe 4, the device advances. The sharp edges of the transverse protrusions 19 of the spring 3 interlock with the inner surface of the pipe 4, and after the shock pulse passes, the distance between the sharp edges of the transverse projections 19 and the end of the protrusion 6 decreases, which leads to tension of the device protrusion 6 to the end of the pipe 4 to be driven. The better the contact of the device with the end face of the pipe 4. The better the impulse impulse or impact unit 1 is transmitted to the pipe being driven 4.

When performing a device with a piston 9 connected to a rod 17 that has a thread, it is possible to adjust the force of the device against the pipe 4, which is achieved by more or less twisting the rod 17 into the thread of the sleeve 2. Such regulation eliminates the occurrence of large forces on the springs 3 than is necessary which ultimately increases the durability of the structure.

When performing the sleeve 2 with two elastic elements, it is easier to launch the device into the pipe 4 and the connection between them is more reliable, especially if the pipe 4 is used that has a shape different from

circumference (this happens when used as covers for trenchless laying of underground communications substandard pipes or used). This effect is especially noticeable if you use a device in which one spring system is circumferentially displaced relative to another, as in the case of a local bend on the inner surface of the pipe 4 where the spring 3 falls, the spring 16 gets to another place where it will provide the required contact devices with a pipe 4.

In the embodiment of the device of FIG. 8, the compressed air must first be supplied to the power chamber 10 through line 12, and then, after the device is fixed in the pipe -1, compressed air is supplied to the impact unit 1. Under the action of the shock pulse generated by the impact node 1, the device will move forward and create a guaranteed contact it with the end surface of the pipe 4. The use of the proposed device for immersing the pipe in the ground improves the convenience of operation and at the same time eliminates the deformation of the end of the pipe being driven.

Claims (10)

Claim 1. Device for immersing a pipe into the ground by hammering, containing an impact unit, a sleeve in its front part for engaging with the end of the pipe being driven, on which radial projections are made and elastic elements are placed circumferentially between radial projections, and a device for adjusting the elastic stiffness element, about t-l and so that, since the chain of increase of reliability of work due to the increase of its rigidity, each elastic element is made in the form of a bent lamellar spring, constant, with vzaimodeyS (Bu middle part of the inner surface of the tube, and means for controlling the stiffness of the elastic element is designed as a sleeve arranged on the outer surface recesses for receiving the ends of springs. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device for controlling the stiffness of the elastic element is made in the form of annular inserts installed axially to the radial protrusion. 3. Device pop. 1. This is because the device for adjusting the stiffness of the elastic element is made in the form of transverse stepped depressions on one of the radial protrusions. 4. Device pop. 1, characterized in that the device for adjusting the stiffness of the elastic element is made in the form of recesses along the generatrix of the sleeve. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for adjusting the stiffness of the elastic element is made in the form of a power piston with a threaded rod, and the sleeve is made with a threaded hole for accommodating the rod, while the piston is placed on the sleeve with the possibility of axial displacement and tighten the springs. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for adjusting the stiffness of the elastic element is made in the form of a sleeve forming a force chamber with the sleeve, and a piston placed in the latter with the possibility of axial displacement and compression of the springs. The cavity of the power chamber is connected to the compressed air line. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made with an additional elastic element in the form of springs, the latter being mounted on the sleeve axially with the main elastic element. 8. Device on PP. 1 and 7, characterized in that the springs of the additional elastic element are circumferentially displaced by 60 ° relative to the springs of the main elastic element. 9. The device according to paragraphs. 1, 6, 7, and 8, which is made with an additional piston to press the springs of the additional elastic element, and the force chamber is placed between the elastic elements. 10. The device according to claim 1, wherein the springs are embossed with transverse projections of a triangular cross section on the outer surface. Ng 1 Aa FIG. 2 4 / five AND Y / y 5 Type B FIG. five 15 ;five / / 3 five THEIR II at 6 01 U 0-2 / 70 2ES229l 10 gd FIG. eleven