SU1615231A1 - Electrolyzer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the equipment of electrolysis processes for the preparation of heavy non-ferrous metals from solutions of their salts. The aim of the invention is to increase the degree of separation of electrolyte mist from gases evolving at the electrode. A device for trapping electrolyte mist is a cap made of gas permeable fabric, with a filtering surface area calculated by the formula P * 984.2 ^. 10 ^{2. S.} δ / К, where P is the area of the filtering surface of the cap, m ²

S - electrode area, m ²

δ is the thickness of the fabric

m

K - gas permeability coefficient, m ² / h ^. atm

4.2 ^. February ¹⁰ - empirical coefficient, m ³ / ^{A. h.} atm The upper edge of the device is mounted on the electrode below the current supply, and the lower edge is located below the working height of the electrolyzer by an amount equal to the interelectrode distance. The electrode may be surrounded by a grid that guides the bubbles of gas released during electrolysis along the electrode upwards. Under the pressure of evolving gases, the lower edge of the cap, immersed in the electrolyte to the indicated depth, covers the entire surface of the electrolyte between the electrodes, preventing the removal of electrolyte mist into the room. 4 ill., 1 tab.

Description

The invention relates to the equipment of electrolysis processes, in particular to electrolyzers containing an electrode equipped with a device for trapping electrolyte mist.

The circuit of the invention is an increase in the degree of separation of electrolyte mist from gases trapped on the electrode.

FIG. 1 shows the electrolysis cell, the general VIEW} in FIG. 2 - section AA on fig, 1; in fig. 3 - electrolyzer with

electrode with a grid, general view; FIG. 4 is a section BC in FIG. 3

The electrolyzer consists of an electrolysis cell 1 and an electrode system containing an insoluble ANOD 2 with a current supply 3, a cap 4 made of gas-permeable tissue and a cathode 5 located at a distance (Y from the anode, a grid placed around the alode 6.

The cell operates as follows.

but&

HPA

01

go

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In the process of electrolysis, oxygen is introduced from the aqueous pacTBtjpOB on the positively charged electrode 2, which releases thin 5 electrolyte droplets into the atmosphere of the workshop, causing electrolyte mist. The main amount of oxygen bubbles together with the electrolyte droplets rises along the anode 2 to the electrolyte surface 10 and is filtered through a cap 4 drawn out of gas-permeable tissue, such as lavsan, chlorine or polypropylene, fixed on the anode 1 of the electrical power supply 3. The electrode may be surrounded by a grid guiding bubbles released during the electrolysis of gas along the electrode up. Under pressure of evolving gases, the lower paradise of the cap immersed in the electrolyte to a depth equal to the interelectrode distance of 1 cm Sg covers the entire surface of the electrolyte between the anode 2 and cathode 5, preventing the discharge of electrolytic mist into the room.

15

20

25

The size of the filtering surface of the cap is not less than what follows from the formula

R

  S -.

where P is the area of the filtering surface of the cap, the area of the electrode, m; fabric thickness, m; K - gas permeability coefficient, atm;

4.2 ".10 - empirical coefficient, atm

Experimental data proving the influence of the size of the filtering part of the cap and the depth of its immersion on the degree of acid mist absorption are given in the table.

The introduction of the invention will allow to increase the degree of gas purification from fog up to 93-95%. about

The implementation of the invention will provide a social effect (improved working conditions) and eliminate the harmful effects of electrolyte mist on equipment and the environment.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula The electrolyzer containing a bath, an electrode with a current lead and a device for trapping electrolyte mist, characterized in that the device is made of a gas-permeable fabric, fixed below the power supply, to lower the degree of separation of electrolytic mist from the electrode gases below the working height of the electrolyzer by the interelectrode distance, and the area of the filtering surface is R l2 10 s TO where 4.2-10 - empirical coefficients - ent, m / Ah atm, T - filtering area surfaces, m 2,  .and S is the electrode area, m;  - fabric mass, m; - К - fabric gas permeability coefficient,. atm. Polypropylene Lavsan Chlorin 93 80 95 80 93 85 95 95 "  UroW etktro- jft / ma X Uro6en1, electrolyte Fy