SU1605958A2 - Method of recultivation of soil - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to land reclamation methods and can be used in the restoration of land disturbed during the mining of mineral resources by the open method. The purpose of the invention is to increase the fertility of the reclaimed lands and reduce the reclamation period of development. The dumping of potentially fertile rocks containing, in wt.%, Is carried out in piles: lesss 50-60

clay 35-40

sand 5-10, with a layer of not less than 2 m, and before applying a humified layer, the layer of potentially fertile rocks is loosened to the depth of plowing, for example 50 cm, and additionally phosphogypsum and manure are added in the following ratio, wt.%: phosphogypsum 0 05-0.08

manure 0.50-0.80

potentially fertile breeds the rest. 3 tab.

Description

The invention relates to land reclamation methods, can be used in the recovery of land, disturbed by the open-pit mining, and is complementary to the basic method. No. 1391521.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the fertility of the reclaimed lands and reduce the ameliorative period of development.

Example. When mining brown coal in an open pit, the humified soil layer is removed from the area allotted for the quarry, dumps, construction, and stored in temporary warehouses. Then they take out the rocks lying in the upper layers above the mineral, the rotor-bridge complex and the excavators, and put them in the heaps. Moreover, rocks that are unsuitable for biological reclamation are laid at the bottom of the dumps, and from above, potentially fertile rocks consisting of a mixture with a ratio, wt.%: Less 50; clay 40 and sand 10, which are laid on the surface of the dumps with the help of an excavator with a layer of 2 m (almost 8-10 m). The surface is planed with bulldozers and scrapers, which leads to compaction of rocks to a bulk density of 1.75-1.80 g / cm.

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Using a KSO-9 spreader, a mixture of manure, such as cattle, in the form of humus, containing in mobile form,%: total nitrogen 0.50, phosphorus 0.28, potassium 0, 60, organic matter 20, ash 18, water 62, as well as phospho-gypsum containing,%: gypsum 92, phosphoric compounds 1.3, sulfuric acid 1.0 and other impurities 5.5, at the rate of 40 t / ha manure .a and 5 t / ha of phosphogypsum, which is by mass 0.50% of manure and 0.06% of phosphogypsum with respect to the upper layer of potentially fertile p genus capacity of 50 cm, and plowed special subsoil plows PPN 50 to tractor T n T-100 or T-130.

After plowing manure with phosphogypsum into a layer of potentially fertile rocks, it is covered with a humusated soil layer (previously removed) with a thickness of 50 cm from the temporary storage area. Transport it dump trucks, bulldozers laid. Thus, they create a profile of technogenic (recultivated) soil with favorable agrophysical indicators that determine the growth and development of plants that are close in power to the natural profile (100 cm).

50

0

five

Testing reclaimed land was carried out as follows.

After cultivating the prepared area with a KPS-4 cultivator, they planted a blue hybrid alfalfa. In the first year of life, alfalfa took root and formed a small ground mass. In the second year, it formed a powerful root system, which penetrated the profile of technogenic soil to the entire depth of its creation (up to 100 cm), and the ground mass gave a high yield - 570 centners / ha of green mass for two cuttings.

The test results are presented in Table. 1-3.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Land reclamation method according to auth. No. 1391521, characterized in that, in order to improve the fertility of the reclaimed lands and shorten the reclamation period of development, before applying the humified layer, the layer of the potentially fertile rocks looses the plowing depth and additionally introduces phosphogypsum and manure in the following ratio , wt.%: Phosphogypsum Manure Potentially fertile breeds 0.05-0.08 0.50-0.80 Rest The effect of different doses of phosphogypsum at a manure rate of 50 t / ha on the yield and physicochemical properties of the reclaimed lands Take control a mixture of potassium allo. - molten rocks without phosphogypsum and iavoz (known). Table 1  16059586 The effect of various doses of manure with a phosphogypsum rate of 5 t / ha on the yield and physicochemical properties of the reclaimed land Table 3 The effect of land reclamation on the timing of their development Spreadsheets