SU1597571A1 - Apparatus for for measuring and checking consumption of motor oil - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the measurement of the flow of liquids, in particular to the measurement and control of the consumption of motor oils, and allows to improve the accuracy and reliability of measurements, to prevent overspending of oils during their irrigation and to signal damage to the oil system and the engine as a whole. The signals from the outputs of sensors 7 and 8 of temperature and oil level, from the outputs of compensation sensors 9 and 10 of the dielectric constant of air and oil, located in the measuring tank 6, are fed to the inputs of the block 11 for amplifying and converting the signals of the sensors. Control unit 12 controls switching in the device. In the computing unit 13, the current flow rate, the average flow rate and its instantaneous value are determined. In display and recording unit 16, information on oil consumption and emergency situations using light displays is displayed. 1 hp f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

L5. sieve

(L

with

nineteen

J

ate

from cd

,50 Hz

The signals from the outputs of sensors 7 and 8 of temperature and oil level, from the outputs of compensation sensors 9 and 10 of the dielectric constant of air and oil, located in measuring tank 6, are fed to the inputs of block 11 of amplification and conversion of sensor signals. The control unit 12 controls the switching in the device

. Computing unit 13 determines the current flow rate, the average flow rate and its instantaneous value. In display and recording unit 16, information on oil consumption and emergency situations is displayed using light displays. 2 з.п, ф-л, 4 Il.

The invention relates to a technique for measuring the flow of liquids, in particular to devices for measuring volume and weight flow, and is intended to measure and control the consumption of motor oils for burning during testing and operation of marine internal combustion engines.

The aim of the invention is to increase the accuracy and reliability of measurements, to prevent excessive oil consumption during the process of topping up the oil and to signal damage to the oil system and the engine as a whole.

Figure 1 shows the block diagram of the device; Fig. 2 shows the structure of a signal amplification and conversion unit; on fig.Z - timing charts of the device; figure 4 -. structural diagram of the computing unit.

The device for measuring and controlling the consumption of engine oil (Fig. 1) contains inlet 1 and outlet 2 pipelines, filling valves 3, emptying 4, oil level regulator 5 measuring tank 6, oil temperature sensor 7, oil level sensor 8, compensation sensors 9 and 10 dielectric permeability of air and oil, sensor amplification and conversion unit 11, control unit 12, computing unit 13, emergency control unit 14, timer 15, display and recording unit 16, k; average setting buttons 17-19 , current and cyclic flow rate indication mode, start button 20, power supply unit 21, switch-on toggle switch 22, connecting pipe 23,

crankcase 24 engine and fuel tank 25.

The gain unit 11, the signal conversion hours (FIG. 2), contains a generator 26, a compensation sensor 9, a diode ec0.

15

jo

five

0

45

0

five

air permeability, measuring capacitive sensor 27, compensation dielectric sensor 10 engine oil permeability, thermistor temperature sensor 28, 29-31 AC amplifiers, 32-34 rectifiers, DC differential amplifiers 35 and 36, and the amplifier 36 depends on the resistance of the thermistor resistor 28, the digital-to-analog converter 37 of the multiplying type, the comparison unit 38, the reversible country counter 39, and the digital-to-analog converter (DIC) 40.

The composition of the computing unit (FIG. 4) includes the first 41 and second 42 signal conditioners, the first 43 and second 44 counters, divider 45, switching pulse generator 46, sampling-storage device 47, first pulse generator 48, switch 49, second 50 and third 51 pulse shapers.

The measuring tank 6 is a metallic cylindrical cup with a diameter of 100 mm and a height of 300 mm, inside which is placed a thermistor temperature sensor 7 and a capacitive level sensor 8 placed in a cylindrical vessel with a diameter of 29 mm and a height of 260 mm, which communicates with the internal cavity of the tank. The cylindrical vessel is attached to the lid of the measuring tank and in its lower part has a bottom with openings. The cylindrical vessel provides damping of the fluid (oil) during rolling and vibration, which allows to reduce the measurement error of the level of a capacitive sensor.

I The output signal from the level 8 measuring sensor is balanced with the signal of the compensation sensor 10 of the dielectric pro-

The viscosity of the engine oil multiplied by the gain of the amplifier 36, depending on the temperature.

Equilibration is carried out on the comparison device 38, the first input of which is fed from the digital-analog converter 37, and the second to the differential amplifier 35, the output of which is proportional to the oil level in the measuring sensor and the difference in the dielectric permeability of oil and air

The output signal 1) 35 of the differential amplifier 35 is equal to (U33-T Uj,) K,, in (L-h) J.,

where and is the output signal rectified- -. l 3J;

V53.

K - gains of amplifiers 35 and 30 and rectifier 33 of the measuring channel; , f dielectric permeability of oil and air; 1 m oil level in the sensor; L is the sensor length; U-. - output compensating voltage of amplifier 29 ,,

equal in value to gf U ,, (must be equal to the output signal of the measuring channel, when

.,)

35

and,. - output voltage of the generator; f - frequency of the generator; 26; output 26i; Ij - compensation sensor length, 9 40

0 is the gain of the amplifier 35 at the first input. In this way,

U3f to - () h "f-U",

where K% -Kzo-Kzz.45

the output signal of the amplifier 36 is i5gKz, SKZ, Kz / U.ryUjJ ,, - T tsK ejiblf and ,,,

where K ,,, K, K, are the gain factors

3 34 o

amplifiers 31, .54 and Jo 50 of block 11; v - gain factor

amplifier 36 at the first input; 1- - compensation length

sensor 10.

The transmission coefficient of the amplifier 36 depends on the temperature

Kt Kz (, K, (1 + P4t), -,

0

five

where kg is the gain at

p is a coefficient equal to the temperature coefficient tight. STI oil;

rft is the temperature difference; Finally have out; K (), where K, k ;. K ,, K.

The reversible counter 39 adds (subtracts) the signals until the signals are equal at the inputs of the comparison unit 38. The signal at the first input is equal to the output signal of the DAC 37; and ,, (code) () V U.Cl +). The signal at the second input of comparator unit 38 is equal to the output signal of amplifier 35.

from K () L, E- and “Equating these two signals, receive (KOJ () 1-nf U.jf (U /} 41) K (m f and ,,;,

(code) (|) {- h, 1,

five

Q

five

When / 3 (3 t G 1 can be written

one

one

(code) () -t- () h.

0

five

0

K If to ensure equality

I- where S is the cross-sectional area

measuring tank; o is the density of the oil at a temperature;

/ It oh

This is finally obtained for the output of the DVR 40

 Sf (1- / 3dt) h KSp (t), where g is the weight of the oil in the measuring tank.

It can be seen from the above calculations that the disturbing factors such as changes in the dielectric constant of the oil (can reach 10% or more) and air (oil vapors in the tank 6) do not affect the output signal of the block 11 for amplifying and converting the signals from the sensors; changing the output voltage to the oscillator frequency 26 and the output voltages of the device power supply unit.

Thus, the circuit of the amplification and conversion unit 11 sensor signals increases the accuracy and reliability of the oil flow measurement.

71

The amplification and conversion unit 11 of the sensor signals. It has two outputs, digital and analog, denoted respectively) and ng (t (FIG. 2) These outputs are proportional to the weight of oil in the measuring tank ,.

The control unit 12 is designed to generate the signals for opening and closing the filling valves 3 and emptying 4, the operation control signals of the computing unit 13, the emergency control unit 14 and the display and recording unit 16. The input signals for the control unit 12 are the analog output signal ng (t) of the sensor conversion unit 11 of the amount of oil in the measuring tank 6; the output signal of the control unit 14 about the output of the monitored parameters for the permissible boundary values; output signal from timer 15 (sync pulses); Start device start signal (button 20).

Output signals. signals are the opening and closing of the filling solenoid valves 3 and

emptying 4; control signals, the signal appears in the case of the computing unit being turned on, storing the initial values of the amount of oil in the measuring tank needed to determine the current and average values of oil consumption for burning, resetting the time counters; signals that set the parameter to be monitored using block 14: monitoring the filling time in the filling mode of the measuring unit and controlling the oil flow in the emptying mode of the measuring tank 6-; the switching signals of the display and recording unit 16 to the value memory mode

35

40

the name of the emergency (fig. Sv), which is detected by the control unit 14.

In this case, the control unit turns off the emptying valve 4 (Fig. 3) and stops the flow of oil to the level regulator. After eliminating the failure that led to an emergency, when the device is turned on, all cycles of operation are repeated.

At the third input of the control unit 12, clock pulses are received from timer 15 which ensure reliable switching of the unit from the state to the state, when

flow rate (during filling of the measurement, which are formed by controlling the siggo tank) from the mode of displaying the flow values (when the measuring tank is empty and back).

The output signals that control the operation of the filling solenoid valves 3 and the emptying 4, the computing unit .13 and the control unit 14 are generated on the basis of the input analog signal ng (t) from the sensor signal conversion unit 11.

By reducing the amount of oil in the measuring tank B to the lower set value G (fig.Zd),

50

55

rolls.

In the computing unit, the current value of the flow rate O is determined by the formula i J

J

About s

 / It dt

where / 3g is the weight sampling interval

oils;

4t- - time spent; Q - instantaneous flow rate

engine oil.

If at ut

Mcm

then Q const, and

fair equality

7571

five

five

0

eight

12 of the control generates the following output signals: turning on the filling valve 3 (Fig. 3g), turning off the emptying valve 4 (Fig. 3g), controlling the filling time of the measuring tank 8 (Fig. Ze); resetting the oil consumption control (fig.Zh), turning off the consumption calculation mode, resetting the formers and counters (fig.ze), storing the value of the flow in the display and recording unit 14 (fig.ze).

When the measuring tank is filled and the upper set value GB is reached (Fig. 3a), the control unit generates the following output signals (in case the filling time does not exceed the preset test filling time); turning off the valve 3 filling (Fig. 3g), turning on the valve 4 emptying (fig.Zd); turning off the control mode of the filling tank measurement time 6 (fig.Ze), turning on the oil flow control mode (fig.Zh) turning on the calculation mode of the current and average flow values (fig.Zh), displaying the flow values (fig.Zh).

At the second input of the control unit 12, the signal appears in the case of

the name of the emergency (fig. Sv), which is detected by the control unit 14.

In this case, the control unit turns off the emptying valve 4 (Fig. 3) and stops the flow of oil to the level regulator. After eliminating the failure that led to an emergency, when the device is turned on, all cycles of operation are repeated.

The third input of control unit 12 receives clock pulses from timer 15, ensuring reliable switching of the block from state to state, with

rolls.

In the computing unit, the current value of the flow rate O is determined by the formula i J

J

About s

 / It dt

where / 3g is the weight sampling interval

oils;

4t- - time spent; Q - instantaneous flow rate

engine oil.

If at ut

Mcm

then Q const, and

fairness is QT Q915

The mean value of the flow rate Q is determined by the formula

ABOUT . Blit) 1

 t.

By integrating the instantaneous flow rates, the average flow rate is determined with high accuracy, and the pulsations and fluctuations of the oil level, the instability of the controller, and other disturbing factors, are smoothed and attenuated.

The calculating unit determines the current growth Q continuously, however, the display and recording unit, as well as the control unit receives the value of the flow calculated at the moment when the portion of oil is consumed. This minimizes the measurement error of the instantaneous flow rate (

 j-3i fe-ji; fbq- M, K. . one

i4i2

,

where the maximum value of the relative error in measuring the flow is

.with

Therefore c / 1 q:; . Thus, in the computing unit 13, the average flow rate is determined simultaneously with high accuracy and the flow rate approaching instantaneous values.

The control unit 14 is designed to control emergency situations by monitoring the parameters of the filling process and emptying the measuring tank 6. In the filling mode, this parameter is the filling time of the measuring tank, which is compared with the maximum permissible value entered in advance in control unit 14. Exceeding this value is possible in the event of the absence of oil in the measuring tank 6, damage to the connecting pipe 1 and failure (non-opening) of the solenoid valve 3.

In the emptying mode of the measuring tank 6, the control unit 14 compares the oil consumption signal from the computational unit 13 with the maximum Q vidKc minimum QjHf, H values of the flow values (for each type of digester, they are determined and set in advance).

110

Exceeding the maximum flow rate may occur as a result of damage in the cylinder-piston group of the engine (breakdown of the piston rings and increased engine wear); the failure of the level regulator, which is that the float plunger is stuck in the position of open access of oil to the system (oil with a high flow rate enters the engine); breaks in pipelines 2 and 23, depressurization of the engine oil system and increased oil flow in various engine lubrication units.

Consumption less than the minimum allowable value is possible in case of failure of the level regulator, which means that the float plunger is stuck in the closed position of oil access to the system, and failure (unopening) of the emptying solenoid valve.

The display and registration unit 16 provides the display of information on oil consumption and emergency situations using light boards. Each board is turned on by the corresponding signal from the control unit 14. On signal The filling time (T.) Has been exceeded. The board is absent There is no supply of oil to the device, check for oil in the supply tank, oil supply pipelines, filling valve, by signal The maximum flow rate value has been exceeded (() engine operation, oil level regulator, tightness of the lubrication system and connecting pipelines for oil supply to the regulator., at a signal the oil consumption is below the allowable (QQ) board is on No filling, check the oil level regulator, valve emptying.

The device works as follows.

When the toggle switch 22 is turned on (Fig. 1), the mains voltage is supplied to the device power supply unit 21, which supplies stabilized voltages to all the units. In this case, using a standard circuit containing an RC-chain, a signal is generated for the initial zero setting of all the triggers and counters included in the device.

Capacitive sensor 8 p15debrazuyuT oil level in the measuring tank 6

15

In addition, compensation sensors 9 and 10 produce signals proportional to the dielectric constant of air and oil, which are amplified by the block 11. Block 11 also receives a signal from temperature sensor 7. These signals are processed in block 11 and, from its analog ng (t), digital g (t.) Outputs (FIG. 2), signals proportional to the weight quantity of oil arrive at the computing unit 13, and the analog signal g (t) goes to the first input unit 12 controls. The control unit 12 compares the measured amount of oil in the tank 6 with the setpoint G (FIG. 3) corresponding to the upper filling level of the measuring tank. If the setpoint is greater than the measured quantity, then the control unit 12 is given a signal to open the filling valve 3 and the oil enters the measuring tank 6 from the supply tank 25 (Fig.).

The monitoring of the filling of the measuring tank 6 is carried out by the control unit 16 by the NAP signal of the control unit 12, which measures the filling time of the measuring tank and compares it with the set maximum allowable filling time, n, ", s.

The display and recording unit 16 displays the filling mode with an indicator, and if, for example, button 17 is pressed, it is set to the average flow indication mode, it displays the counter readings on the digital indicator (when the power is turned on, the reading is zero; previous emptying mode). When a specified amount of oil G is reached in the measuring tank, the control unit generates an OPOR signal (NAP is equal to zero), a unit level (fig.Zh). The control unit 12 also turns off the filling valve 3 and turns on the emptying valve 4 (Fig. Ze, e).

After opening the valve 4, the oil flows from the measuring tank 6 to the level 5 regulator, which, as it is consumed, pours it into the engine crankcase, ensuring a constant level. Simultaneously with the switching of valves 3 and 4, the control unit 12 sends a SUP signal to the computing unit .13, the emergency control unit 14

about

50

five

five

1 situation, block 16 display and registration.

At the same time, in the computing unit 13, the initial values g (t) (0) are memorized to form signals of consumed oil 4gz (t), / ig (t) of the sampling interval B (; (t); time counters 43 and 44 (FIG. 7 ) begin to count the times t and t; K, AND, AND pulses are formed.

If during the operation of the device in the emptying mode the flow rate (current or average value) exceeds the set maximum flow rate Q (one of the possible options), then the control unit 14 will generate an alarm signal (Av.sit). This signal is supplied to control unit 12 and to computing unit 13. Control unit 12 disables the signals of the SUP and the EMC of the SUP (fig.3d, g). Oil will not flow to level regulator. The control unit 14 also generates a signal Q Q rtKC which is fed to the display and recording unit 16. At the same time, in block 16, a light panel with the inscription Oil overflow lights up, check the operation of the engine, the oil level regulator, the tightness of the lubrication system, and the connecting pipes for the oil supply to the regulator. The buzzer is activated.

The digital indicator displays the flow rate at the moment of time when an emergency situation occurs. After the emergency situation is eliminated by pressing the Start button 20 (Fig. 1), the control unit switches on the emptying mode (if the condition

g (t) OH).

As the oil is consumed from the measuring tank, its quantity. reduced to the value of GH In this case, the control unit 12 turns off the emptying valve 4 and turns on filling 3, deploys the computation unit drivers from the engine with a NAP signal (the frequency is close to zero at the frequency output, and zero at the analog output), zeroed The time counter counters, by the NAP signal, turn on the control unit 14 in the fill time control mode, and the display and recording unit switches to the storage modes of the flow values that were in the previous emptying mode. Oil piping 1 through the open valve 3

13

enters measuring tank 6. The operation cycle repeats.

The proposed device can work with any level controls.

Claims (3)

1. A device for measuring and controlling the consumption of engine oil, containing a supply tank with pipes equipped with filling and emptying valves, level sensors and temperatures, a control unit and a display and recording unit, characterized in that, in order to increase the accuracy and reliability of measurements, preventing oil overspending and signaling damage to the oil drainage system and engine; a measuring tank, an amplification and conversion unit for the signals of the sensors, an oil level regulator, an accident monitoring unit In this situation, the computational unit, a timer, compensatory sensors for the dielectric permeability of air and oil, the inlet valve of the filling valve is connected to the supply tank, and the outlet is connected to the measuring tank and the valve inlet, emptying them with a rectifier; control its input with the first output of the control unit, and the output with the oil level controller, the second output of the control unit is connected to the control input of the filling valve, the third and fourth outputs of the control unit are connected to the first and volt The first and second inputs of the control unit are connected to the first outputs of the emergency control unit and the timer, respectively, the third input of the computing unit is connected to the first output of the amplification and conversion unit of the sensor signals, and the third the control unit input, the fourth with the second output of the amplification and conversion unit of the signal sensors, the fifth and sixth with the first and second outputs of the timer, the seventh with the first output of the coder emergency trolley bus, and the first input, the control unit, the first output of the computing unit is connected to the third input, the control unit emergency situation, the second - the third input of the block indicating and registering the fourth input . 1597571 14 which is connected to the first timer output, the fifth, sixth and seventh inputs of the display and recording unit are connected respectively to the second, third and fourth outputs of the emergency control unit, the fourth input of which is connected to the second timer output, fifth and sixth inputs the emergency control unit is connected to the third and fourth outputs of the computing unit and to the eighth and ninth inputs of the display and recording unit, the tenth input of which It is connected to the fifth output of the computing unit, and the eleventh to the fifth output of the emergency control unit, temperature sensors, level and dielectric constant compensation sensors vg.t5S are found in the measuring tank and connected to the corresponding inputs of the sensor amplification and conversion signals from the sensors. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the transducer signal converter unit contains the first, second and third amplifiers of the alternating current, the output is connected to 1e, respectively, to the first, second and third 0 five 0 five The mitep is connected to the first inputs of the first and second go) 1. (the real amplifiers are constant, the second inputs of which are connected respectively to the outputs of the second and third rectifiers, and the outputs to the first input of the scrapnee unit and the analog input of the multiplying analog analog converter, the code input of the integrated analog converter and connected to the output of the reversible counter, the clock input connected to the generator, and the control input to the output of the comparator unit, to the second input of which is connected en is the output of the multiplying digital-to-analog converter, 3. The device according to claim 1, 1 and 2, so that the calculation unit contains connected to the first, second, third, fourth and fifth switches of the switch, respectively, the first signal conditioner, the second signal conditioner, the first counter, the second counter, and the divider, the inputs connected to the first and second outputs of the switch, the third output of which through the sample-storage device is connected to the first input of the second FIG, g / Analog q (i) -, g (i) Tsikrrovoy bykhod