SU1583153A1 - Heat mass-exchange apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the instrumentation of heat and mass transfer processes, such as absorption, rectification, stripping, etc., used in the chemical, petrochemical, oil refining and related branches of industry and allows to intensify the process of heat and mass transfer by increasing and updating the interfacial surface. The heat and mass transfer apparatus includes a housing equipped with plates with overflow devices in height, one of which has gutters with distributors arranged in them in the form of perforated pipes with an end cap integrated into a manifold, each plug has perforations, and the perforations are perforated located in the center of the stub. It is advisable to perform the holes of the plug around the circumference, as well as in the form of a segment. In addition, it is advisable to install the end cap inside each perforated pipe at a distance from the free end and to supply the apparatus with a camera located under the overflow device, to the side wall of which the grooves are attached with ends, while the side wall of the chamber has perforations in the form of an aperture, the axis of which is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the distributor, and the camera itself is equipped with a distribution device. 8 hp f-ly, 15 ill.

Description

one

(21) 4644198 / 23-26

(22) 12.30.88 (46) 07.08.90. Bul Number 29

(71) Moscow Institute of Advanced Training for Managers and Chemical Industry Specialists

(72) A. G. Rybinsky, A. G. Huseynov and R. A. Kerimov

(53) 66.071.7.05 (088.8) (56) V.N. Stabnikov other Processes and devices of food production. - M .: Food industry, 1974, pp. 222-225.

USSR Author's Certificate No. 944597, cl. B 01 D 3/30, 1982.

(54) HEAT AND MASS EXCHANGE EQUIPMENT (57) The invention relates to instrumentation of heat and mass transfer processes, such as absorption, rectification, stripping, etc., used in chemical, petrochemical, oil refining and related industries and allows for intensification of the heat and mass transfer process by increasing and updating the interfacial surface. The heat and mass exchange apparatus includes a housing equipped with plates with overflow devices, under one of which there are gutters with distributors placed in them in the form of perforated pipes with an end cap combined in a collector, each plug has perforations, while the perforations are made in the form of holes located in the center of the stub. It is advisable to perform the holes of the plug around the circumference, as well as in the form of a segment. In addition, it is advisable to install the end cap inside each perforated pipe at a distance from the free end and to supply the apparatus with a camera located under the overflow device, to the side wall of which the grooves are attached with ends, while the side wall of the chamber has perforations in the form of an aperture, the axis of which is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the distributor, and the camera itself is equipped with a distribution device. 8 hp f-ly. 15 il.

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The invention relates to instrumentation of heat and mass transfer processes, such as absorption, distillation, stripping, etc., used in the chemical, petrochemical, oil refining and related industries.

The purpose of the invention is to intensify the process of heat and mass transfer due to

increasing and updating the interfacial surface.

Figure 1 shows a heat and mass transfer apparatus, a longitudinal section; figure 2 - the location of the free end of the distributor relative to the wall of the overflow device; FIG. 3 shows the location of the plug inside the perforated pipe at a distance from its

free end; in Fig. A, the perforation is performed in the form of holes located circumferentially in the plug; figure 5 - the free end of the distribution, the divider; FIG. 6 shows a heat and mass transfer apparatus equipped with a chamber, a longitudinal section; figure 7 - the location of the distributor relative to the side wall of the chamber; on Fig - distribution JQ gas (steam) from the chamber 22 is made

divider with perforation in the plug in the form of a segment, a longitudinal section; FIG. 9 is view A of FIG. 8; figure 10 - the profile of the gutter with inclined plates; figure 11 - section bb in figure 6; on Fig - site input fluid perforated the side wall of the chamber; Fig. 13 shows the location of the hole in the side wall of the chamber with the lower part thereof, and the perforations in the plug 10 of the distributor 9 are made in the shape of a segment 29. The upper parts 30 of the grooves 7 do J5 foam bent outward (Fig. 10), parallel to which inclined plates 31 are installed with some roofs. Between the wall 5 of the overflow device 4 and the barrier partitions

longitudinal axis of the distributor; Q 27 a passage 32 is formed

thirty

Fig. 14 shows an embodiment of a gas (vapor) injection unit from the chamber to the liquid layer; on Fig. 15 - an apparatus with double drain plates, a longitudinal section, j A heat and mass exchange apparatus includes a housing 1, inside of which there are plates 2 with overflow devices 3 and 4. In the wall 5 of the overflow device of one of the plates, slots 6 are made and chutes are attached 7 with end wall 8.

Steam (gas) distributors 9 are located inside chutes 7; they are closed on one side with perforated plug 10 11. The lateral surface of the distributors is provided with an opening 12. The open ends of the distributors 9 are combined into a manifold 13 connected to a nozzle 14 for introducing steam (gas)

The perforations in the plug 10 are made in the form of holes 15 placed around the circumference (Figures 2 and 4), and the plug 10 is installed at some distance from the free end of the distributor 9 to form a mixing chamber 16, with its side surface provided with slots 17

The overflow device 4 is provided with a bottom 18, which coincides in level with the bottom of the grooves 7, separated by transverse partitions 19 and 20, so that a gap 21 is formed between the lower end (edge) of the partition 19 and the bottom of the groove 7.

Under the overflow device 4 there is placed a chamber 22 formed by the bottom 18 of the overflow device 4, the side wall 23 and the horizontal partition liquid into the liquid distribution device 33 formed by the partition 34, installed with a gap 35 relative to the barrier bulkhead 27 "The side wall 23 of the chamber is perforated 36

The perforations in the side wall 23 are filled in the form of a slit 37, formed by the lower end of the wall 23 and baffle 24. To create a hydraulisation chamber 22, a slide bar serves. For the design of the double-drainage plate, the collector 39 is installed centrally to the trigger 1, and the dividers 9 are connected to it placed in the gutters and the gutters themselves are connected to their chamber 40 or 41. For the supply of gas (steam) to the chambers 40 and 41, the nozzles 42 and 43 are intended.

The heat and mass transfer apparatus operates as follows.

The liquid entering the plates from the overflow device 3 interacts with gas (steam) on the base of the plate, after which it flows into the overflow device 4. From the overflow device 4, the liquid through the slit 6 enters the grooves 7.

Gas (steam) into the housing 1 of the heat and mass exchange apparatus enters through the nozzle 14 or the nozzles 42 and 43.

In the first case, when the gas (steam enters through the nozzle 14, it passes through the collector 13 and enters the distributor 9, from where through the opening 12 and the perforation 11 is inserted into the fluid layer in the troughs 7. In the distributor 9 there is a gas (steam the flow is divided into parts, one of which

40

45

50

24, which coincides in level with the bottom of the grooves 7. The housing 1 is provided with a nozzle 25 for introducing gas (steam) into the chamber 22.

The side wall 23 is provided with a baffle in the form of an aperture 26 and a baffle baffle 27.

Hole (slot) 28 for exit

in its lower part, and the perforations in the plug 10 of the distributor 9 are made in the form of a segment 29 ..

The upper parts 30 of the grooves 7 are bent outwards (FIG. 10), inclined plates 31 are installed parallel to them and with some overlap. Between the wall 5 of the overflow device 4 and the barrier partition

0

five

fluid into the liquid distribution device 33 formed by the partition 34, installed with a gap 35 relative to the barrier partition 27 "The side wall 23 of the chamber 22 is perforated 36.

The perforations in the side wall 23 are made in the form of a slit 37 formed by the lower end of the wall 23 and the partition 24. To create a water trap in the chamber 22, there is a gate strip 38. For the design of double-flow plates, the collector 39 is installed in the center of the housing 1 and connected to it distributors 9 placed in chutes 7, and the chutes themselves are connected to their chamber 40 or 41. Nozzles 42 and 43 are used to supply gas (steam) to chambers 40 and 41.

Heat and mass transfer apparatus works as follows.

The liquid entering the plate 2 from the overflow device 3 interacts with gas (steam) at the base of the plate, after which it flows into the overflow device 4. From the overflow device 4, the liquid flows through the slit 6 into the groove 7.

Gas (vapor) enters the casing 1 of the heat and mass exchange apparatus through pipe 14 or pipes 42 and 43.

In the first case, when gas (steam) enters through the nozzle 14, it passes through the collector 13 and enters the distributors 9, from where it penetrates through the holes 12 and the perforations 11 into the fluid layer in the grooves 7. In the distributor 9 there is a gas (steam ) the flow is divided into parts, one of which

45

50

The other part comes out of the perforation 11 and moves, horizontally in the direction of the wall 5 of the overflow device 4, capturing a part of the liquid in the grooves 7. When this gas-liquid flow hits about it, it is crushing, about

Interfacial interface and two-phase flow separation. The gas (vapor) phase goes up to contact with the liquid on the plate 2. In the case when the perforations in the plugs 10 are made in the form of holes 15, which are located around the circumference (figure 2), an annular stream of gas (vapor) jets is formed moving toward the wall 5. The fluid flows inward of this annular flow between the moving plows. The resulting two-phase annular flow, having reached wall 5, hits it, at the moment of impact an intensive process of mass transfer occurs due to the renewal of the interfacial surface. After separation of the two-phase flow, the gas (vapor) goes to the overlying plate, and the liquid moves towards the transverse partition 20, and, having reached it, is poured through its upper end, entering the next section.

In the first section of the chutes 7, the liquid due to the gas (vapor) flow exiting from the perforation 11 moves with greater speed, which increases the flow turbulence, while it is affected by gas (steam) jets coming out of the holes 12, whereby the process in the first section is intensified as the fluid flows in the grooves 7.

The location of the plug 10 inside the distributor at some distance from the free end of the pipe 9 with the formation of the mixing chamber 16, where the fluid additionally flows through the slots 17, provides an improvement. conditions for the formation of a directed two-phase flow.

The liquid in the channels 7 flows from the section through the upper ends of the transverse partitions 20 or through the gaps 21 formed by the lower end of the partitions 19 and the bottom of the channel 7. When the liquid moves in the channel, it interacts with the gas

five

0

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(steam) jets emanating from the ports 12 of the distributors 9.

Having reached the end wall 8, the liquid overflows through its upper end and is directed to the bottom part of the apparatus or to the underlying plate.

Under certain operating conditions of the device, liquid may sink on the plates. It is assumed that the failed liquid from the plates 2 is collected by the inclined plates 31 and the bent side walls 30 to the outside of the grooves 7. The collected liquid contacts the gas (steam), contributing to the intensification of the process.

To intensify the process of heat and mass transfer in the apparatus, a chamber 22 is installed into which gas (steam) enters through pipe 25. From chamber 22 through opening 26 or slit 28, gas (steam) comes into contact with a gas-liquid-vapor flow -, from the plug 10 in the direction of the side wall 23, while they collide, accompanied by the formation of a new interfacial surface, and leading to an intensification of the process of heat and mass transfer.

The collision of the flows is possible in countercurrent (Fig. 6, 13 and 14) or in cross current (Fig. 7).

In the presence of chamber 22, the liquid enters the chutes 7 overflowing through the upper end of the slide bar 27, and to increase the uniform distribution of the liquid along the length of the side wall 23 serves a distribution device 33, from which the liquid flows into the perforated wall 36 through the gap 35 cameras.

0

The gas (vapor) from the chamber, through the perforation 36 in the wall 23, penetrates a thin film of liquid, and in this case an intensive process of mass transfer is carried out (Fig. 12). Thereafter, the liquid flows into the chutes 7 for further gas (steam) treatment.

To intensify the process of heat and mass transfer, the axis of the hole 26 in the wall- 23 is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the distributor 7, which allows to direct part of the liquid with gas (steam) flowing from the hole 26 to the center of the mixing chamber 16, where the liquid comes into contact with the new a (fresh) portion of gas (steam) exiting from the openings 15 (Fig. 13).

If the apparatus has double-flow plates (Fig. 15), two chambers 40 and 41 are installed in the housing 1, to which the chutes 7 are connected with the distributors 9 integrated into the collector 39. Once (steam) in one flow enters the Collector through the nozzle (not shown ) and others through nozzles 42 and 43, the process of interaction in such a device is similar to that described above.

Claims (9)

1. Heat and mass transfer apparatus, including a housing, fitted with height plates and overflow devices, under one of which there are 25 chutes with distributors placed in them in the form of perforated pipes with an end cap and connected to a collector, In order to intensify the heat and mass transfer process 30 by increasing and renewing the interfacial surface, each plug has perforations. 0 50 2. A pop-type apparatus 1, characterized in that the perforation is made in the form of an aperture located in the center of the plug. 3. A pop-type apparatus 1, characterized in that the perforations in the form of holes are made around the circumference. 4. A pop-1 apparatus, characterized in that the perforations are made in the form of a segment. 5. The apparatus according to claims 1-4, wherein the end cap is installed inside each perforated pipe at a distance from the free end. 6. A pop-type apparatus 1, characterized in that it is provided with a camera located under the overflow device, to the side wall of which the troughs are attached with ends. 7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the side wall camera has a perforation. i 8. The apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the perforation in the side wall of the chamber is made in the form of an aperture, the axis of which is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the distributor. 9. An apparatus according to claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the chamber is provided with a distribution device. 1 Ј gp & 9 01-91 (I- rЈ-V-- -1 .Л I, J- - 7  - /. I   bff Ј1 Ы 5 2Pf yznfo 01 g.J k 0 / 9L  QL # Us s h 1 gps  j p y g g --- - - / ABOUT - „I L about; shev $ 1 FIG. 7 oh oh FIG. 8 fttfA ten 13 X ten  29 FIG. // Fig .. 12 23 FIG. fJ FIG. y y Fig.15