SU1581713A1 - Method of producing microelements containing double superphosphate - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the production of mineral fertilizers and can be used to obtain double superphosphate containing trace elements: copper, cobalt, zinc. The purpose of the invention is to increase the agrochemical properties of the fertilizer by reducing the consumption of trace elements per unit mass of the fertilizer and the content of ballast substances in it. The method of producing double superphosphate containing microelements consists in decomposing phosphate raw materials with phosphoric acid, maturing, wetting the powder product with a solution of salts of microelements in acetone or ethanol and subsequent granulation and drying of the resulting fertilizer. 4 tab.

Description

The invention relates to the production of mineral fertilizers and can be used to produce double superphosphate containing trace elements - copper, cobalt, zinc.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the agrochemical properties of the fertilizer while reducing the consumption of trace elements and the content in the fertilizer of ballast substances.

Example 1.1t of ripened powdered double superphosphate is fed through a conveyor to a reactor-mixer, in which there is 6 m3 / 2n. a solution of copper chloride in ethanol (1023 kg of copper chloride are dissolved in 6 m of ethanol). After 30 minutes of mixing the solution mixture

with superphosphate powder the solution is drained. The product contains 1.24% chemically bound copper. This is equivalent to removing 33 kg of copper chloride from the organic solution, as a result of which it is diluted. In addition to chemically bound copper, the powder product contains up to 800 liters of the initial copper chloride solution, from which the product is purified by washing with pure ethanol (800 liters). After washing, wet powdered double superphosphate containing chemically bound copper is moistened with pure solvent and fed to granulation, where at 60-80 ° C, trapped ethyl oil is removed from the product for 1-1.5 h.

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nol ,, which, the passage of the system of heat exchangers, condense and then serves to wash the next batch of product. The partially depleted (by copper) solution of copper chloride in ethanol is again pumped into the reactor, where 33 kg of copper chloride is additionally dissolved in it. This operation completes the full technological cycle and is thus prepared for the next similar cycle.

The organic solvent supplied to the reactor-mixer in the amount of 6-8 m and containing the specified number of trace elements (m / e) is intended for multiple use, provided that the process is carried out in pressurized equipment and the components extracted by superphosphate periodically occur. With a volume of solution in one cycle, you can get 1 ton of superphosphate enriched with microelements,

Even the trace amounts of organic solvents are absent in the obtained granulated product and, therefore, the introduction of trace elements does not lead to an increase in fire and explosion hazard when working with ready-made fertilizer (during its transportation, storage, application to the soil, etc.).

Example 2. 30 g of powdered double superphosphate are treated for 48 hours with 200 ml of 0.5N. solution of cobalt chloride in acetone, - The resulting product is separated from the solution by filtration, washed with 50 ml of acetone and fed to the granule. According to X-ray phase and chemical analyzes, the product did not undergo any changes in its anionic composition after this treatment. The cobalt content in it is 0.97%. Example 3. 30 g of powdered double superphosphate are treated for 1 hour with 200 ml of a 10N solution of zinc chloride in ethanol. After filtration and washing the resulting product with 50 ml of acetone is fed to the granulator for 1.5 hours, with, In the final fertilizer, 1.10% Zn is contained.

Under the ballast imply the following components:

- with use - water of crystallization of this salt;

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five

five

0

five

0

five

- when using CuCl2% 2 H20 - chlorine and crystallization water;

- when using Cu (N03) 2x ЗН20 - nitrate nitrogen and water of crystallization.

A comparative characteristic of the content of ballast substances in the double superphosphate modified by different salts of copper, depending on the method of introduction of trace elements, is presented in Table 1.

The effect of the introduction of copper on the content of hygroscopic water in double superphosphate is presented in Table. 2

The results of the determination of hygroscopic water (Table 2), as well as the experimental data of Table 2. 1 is a mix of the fact that the moisture content of double superphosphate with copper obtained by the proposed method is noticeably less than the fertilizer obtained by a known method. Consequently, new forms of fertilizers have less caking than the known fertilizers, and fewer ballast.

The transition of trace elements from organic solutions to double superphosphate occurs by an ion-exchange mechanism. As a result, double phosphates of caps and microelements are formed. This increases the uniformity of distribution of trace elements by weight of fertilizer, since they are introduced before granulation and distributed not only on the surface of the granules (as in the case of a mechanical mixture), but throughout the whole volume.

Comparative data on the uniform distribution of copper in double superphosphate, obtained by the proposed and known methods, are presented in Table. 3

The positive effect is shown by the example of using 1 ton of granulated double superphosphate containing copper when it is added as barley on peat-bog soil.

According to the table. 4, where data on barley yield on peat-bog soil is presented, it follows that when using a known fertilizer (variant 8) with a content of 3.7% C, the yield increase is 0.9%, and when using the proposed fertilizer containing 0%. , 5% C (option 2), the yield increase is 9.9%.

Thus, as a result of the application of a new form of fertilizer, copper consumption is reduced by 7.4 times, and the yield increase is increased by 11 times. The economic effect of applying I t of a new form of fertilizer is to save copper salts, i.e., reducing the copper content of the fertilizer from 3.7% (according to the known) to 0.5% allows reducing costs. The use of copper-containing fertilizers makes it possible to obtain an increase of 3-4 centners per gram of grains on peat-bog and sod-podzolic soils.

The proposed process allows improving the agrochemical properties of this superphosphate, reducing the content of ballast compounds in the fertilizer, since the trace elements enter the fertilizer in a cationic form, while the anions remain in solution, reduce the hygroscopicity and follow.

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vaemost due to the fact that the m / e entered by the proposed method does not contain water of crystallization,. reduce the temperature and duration of drying of the granulated product from 140-150 ° C for 2.5-3.0 hours to 60-80 ° C for 1.0-1.5 hours.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula The method of obtaining double superphosphate containing trace elements, by decomposing phosphate raw materials with phosphoric acid, maturing the resulting mass, moistening the powdery product with a solution of salts of trace elements, followed by granulation and drying of the obtained fertilizer, which is the fact that, in order to improve the agrochemical properties of the fertilizer while reducing the consumption of microelements and the content in fertilizer of ballast substances, moistening is carried out with a solution of salts of microelements in acetone or ethanol table 2 Copper content in double superphosphate 1.2 1.2 1.2 3.7 3.7 3.7 Table 3 Content Uniformity of distribution for copper for duplication over the mass of double superphosphate, wt.% phosphate, -g wt.% according to the method of the zela e- the prototype of my method 0,50,200,05 1.20,520.05 1.70,640.05 2.60.91 0.05 Table 4 Ari- FertilizerYield Increase ntg / vessel g / vessel 5К «о Ф ° + Г9о21,2 (double Pp superphosphate.) background + PCA from Si23.32, he + PCA with 1.2% C22,81,67,5 he + Rsd with 1.7% Ci22.5 1.36.1 he + RSD with 2.6% of Ci23.52,310.8 L0 „+ RSD with 3.7% of Ci22,71,57,1 The content of hygroscopic water in double superphosphate, wt.%, According to the method the famous proposed 1.92 1.88 2.00 2.20 2.25 2.20 one 1581713 2 Continuation table. 9 o OI + ROD with 5.3% C 21, 8 0.6 2.8