SU1581520A1 - Apparatus for controlling laser hardening process - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used to control the process of laser hardening of the surfaces of parts, especially a complex shaped profile. The aim of the invention is to increase productivity, reduce costs, labor intensity and improve the quality of quenching. The goal is achieved in that the device provides control of the laser beam depending on the geometry of the part contour and is accomplished by introducing into the device an additional memory block 11, a controlled frequency divider 14, a master pulse generator 15, a frequency-voltage converter 16 , a laser beam reflector 8 with a drive of its transverse displacements 7. By the time the part approaches the cross section of the laser beam processing, information about this cross section is at the output of the drive 7 transverse displacements. This allows the laser beam to be constantly maintained on the edge of the part profile. The speed of bypassing the contour of the part remains constant regardless of the geometry of the contour due to the change in the division ratio of the controlled divider 14 and the change due to this longitudinal component of the speed of movement of the part. 1 il.

Description

• The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used to control the process of laser hardening of surfaces of parts, especially those having a complex shaped profile (for example, band and circular saws).

The aim of the invention is to increase productivity, reduce the complexity, cost and higher _ quenching quality *

The drawing shows a functional diagram of a device

The device consists of optical-mechanical and electrical parts. 15 _ The optical-mechanical part of the device is located around the part’s trajectory and includes a drive 1 of longitudinal displacements, a workpiece 2, a motion sensor 3, a radiation source 4 with an optical system, a slit diaphragm 5, a photodetector 6, a transverse drive 7 displacement, reflector 8 of the laser beam. · 25

The electrical part of the device is made in the form of a separate unit and includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 9, a block of 10 memory cells, a block of 11. memory, a block of subtraction 12, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 13, a controlled frequency divider 14, a master oscillator 15 pulses, the Converter 16 frequency voltage.

The output of the photodetector 6 is connected to the input of the ADC 9, the output of which is connected to the input of the block 10 of memory cells. The output of the sensor 3 'displacement is connected to the second input of the block 10 of the memory cells and' · the input of the block 11 of the memory, the output of which is connected to the input of the block 12 subtraction. The output of block 10 of the memory cells is the second input of block 11 of the memory, the input of the DAC 13 and the second input of block 1 2 45 subtraction, the output of which is connected to the input of the controlled divider 14 o'clock. The output of the master oscillator 15 is the second input of the controlled divider 14, the output which is connected to the input of the Converter 16 frequency-voltage. The output of the DAC 13 is connected to the input of the drive 7 lateral movements, and the output of the Converter 16 frequency-voltage - $$

With drive input 1 longitudinal displacements.

The device operates as follows.

The radiation flux from a source 4 with an optical system in the form of a directed beam illuminates the moving workpiece 2, After passing through the slotted diaphragm 5 with the optical system, the radiation flux turns out to be modulated in magnitude by some section of the workpiece and focuses on the photodetector 6. Further, the signal from the photodetector arrives at; a digital Converter (JRC) 9, where it is encoded in binary code and enters a block of 10 memory cells. Here, according to the clock signal generated by the displacement sensor 3, information on the value of the section of the part is transmitted sequentially from one memory cell to another. Moreover .. the number of memory cells is numerically equal to the distance between the axis of the optical system and the beam from the reflector 8, divided by the distance between the individual sections of the part under consideration (ultimately, the division price of the displacement sensor scale). Therefore, at every moment of the duty cycle in block 10 memory cells, information is stored on the values of all sections of the part profile in the segment between the beam reflector and the diaphragm. When the drive 1 moves the longitudinal displacements of the part by one step of the displacement sensor 3, the latter generates the next pulse, which moves all the information sequentially to one igag of the memory cells. At the same time, current information about the cross-sectional value is recorded in the first cell, and from the last ^ information is supplied to the subtraction unit 12 and the memory unit 11. The output of the memory block always contains information about the size of the previous section, and the output of the block of memory cells - the next.

At the same time, information from the block of memory cells is fed to a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 13, from where information in analog form is transmitted to the drive 7 of transverse movements of the reflector 8. Thus / by the time of approaching the laser beam processing cross section, the 'information' on the value of this cross section is also on drive output 7 lateral movements * Block 10 memory cells plays a role, the time delay lines of the output information by the amount necessary for the corresponding movement of the part.

labor costs, costs and

This allows you to constantly maintain the laser beam at the edge of the profile of the part. In order to ensure the speed of the circuit bypass, the information from the subtraction unit 12 (which in this case plays the role of the differentiating link) is fed to a controlled frequency divider 14, the output of which is supplied by pulses from the master oscillator 15, the repetition rate of which corresponds to a given contour speed, If the part profile has not changed its value from one step to another (horizontal section), the difference is zero and the division ratio of trolled delitilya frequency equal UNIT. If the profile has a bend (the ray of the lasher has to go a greater way from section to section), then the division coefficient turns out to be different from unity and the pulse repetition rate decreases, which leads to a decrease in the longitudinal component of the speed of movement relative to the movement of the part and the beam. The signal before applying to the drive longitudinal displacement is converted to analog using the Converter 16 frequency voltage. Thus, the speed of · bypassing the contour of the part remains constant regardless of the geometry of the contour of the latter.

The introduction of a laser beam reflector with a mechanism for its movement, a memory unit, a frequency-voltage converter increases the quality of hardening.

Claims (1)

Claim; Process Control Unit ¹ 5 laser hardening parts, consisting of a moving mechanism detzli, radiation source, optical system, a photodetector, an analog-digital converter, a memory cell block of r and 10 l sistent in that, in order to increase _{(productivity,} reduce trudoomkos'ti, cost and improve quality I „tweaks, a frequency-to-voltage converter, a memory block, a control frequency divider, a pulse generator, a laser beam reflector, a transverse laser beam movement mechanism, a subtraction unit and a digital-to-analog converter are additionally introduced into the device, the output of the photodetector connected to the analog output -digital converter, the output of which is connected to the input of the block of memory cells, the output of which is connected to the input of the subtraction block, and the output of the block of memory cells is connected to the second input of the memory unit, by the input of the digital-to-analog converter and the second input of the subtraction unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the controlled frequency divider, and the other input of the controlled frequency divider is connected to the output of the master oscillator, the output is connected to the input 35 of the frequency-voltage converter, and the digital-to-analog output the conversion of a controlled divider, blocks of logical processing of signals of longitudinal and transverse displacements and their mutual connections provides an increase in productivity, the sensor is connected to the input ivoda transverse displacements, the output of the pre-forming ·-frequency voltage to the input of the connections soe40 longitudinal displacement drive.