SU1576824A1 - Set for annealing articles in controllable atmospheres - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to equipment for the heat treatment of parts of color picture tubes in controlled atmospheres. The purpose of the invention is to increase productivity. The unit contains a preliminary oxidation module G with a furnace 1 and a water cooled heat exchanger 2, an oxide reduction module D with a furnace 3 and a heat exchanger 4, a final oxidation module E with a furnace 5 and a heat exchanger 6. There are collectors K 7-9 in the working space of each module. Parts K placed in the working space of water-cooled heat exchangers are made with Laval nozzles, and parts K installed in the furnace space are made with cylindrical nozzles, the ratio of the total areas of the flow area of the cylindrical gas nozzles and Lawal nozzles is 1.62: 1. K is made with gas feed tubes 12-14. The modules are divided among themselves by gas devices, formed by gas distribution chambers 15, placed along the entire perimeter of the unit, with gas nozzles arranged in a checkerboard pattern, gas supply tubes 17 and candles. Gas collectors are located on both sides of the gas distribution chambers 15. The gas to be removed is burned in the pilot lights. On the loading and unloading side, the unit contains igniters 21 of nitrogen valves 22. The unit also contains a system for cleaning and drying controlled atmosphere, a gas humidifier, a mechanism for moving pallets, control panels with instruments and controllers for automatically maintaining temperature and gas conditions. The unit allows a continuous three-stage annealing process and intensifies the cooling processes, resulting in improved performance. 1 hp f-ly. 5 il.

Description

The invention relates to the field of engineering, in particular to equipment for the heat treatment of parts of color picture tubes, and can also be used for heat treatment in other industries.

The aim of the invention is to increase productivity by ensuring continuity of processing per pass and intensifying the cooling process.

FIG. 1 shows the unit, a general view; in fig. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 is a section BB in FIG. one; in fig. 4 - separator gas barrier; in fig. 5 shows a section B-B in FIG. four.

The unit contains module D formed by a pre-oxidation furnace 1 and a water-cooled heat exchanger 2, module D formed by an oxide reduction furnace 3 and a water-cooled heat exchanger 4, module E formed by the final oxidation furnace 5 and a water-cooled heat exchanger 6. The modules form a single working space (unit channel ). Each furnace contains a lined housing, heaters, muffle {not indicated). In the working space of the modules, dead-end gas distribution manifolds 7–9 are placed, each of which is installed in a part of its length in the upper part of the working space of the water-cooled heat exchanger and the other part in the working space of the corresponding furnace. Portions of gas distribution manifolds located in the working space of water cooled heat exchangers contain groups of exhaust gas nozzles 10 Laval intended for the gas to enter the working space of heat exchangers. The parts of the gas distribution manifolds located in the working space of the furnaces contain groups of cylindrical exhaust gas nozzles 11 intended for the gas to enter the working space of the furnaces. Gas distribution manifolds are equipped with gas inlets 12-14, placed on the side of the heat exchanger. The total area of the flow area of all nozzles of each gas distribution manifold is less than the area of the flow area of the corresponding gas supply pipe. The design of the gas distribution manifolds of module D and E are identical to the version of collector of module G. They differ from each other in length to the number of nozzles.

The unit contains gas separation devices installed between the annealing zones, formed by gas distribution chambers 15 placed outside the channel along the entire perimeter,

and two groups of gas nozzles 16 arranged in a staggered order perpendicularly forming the surface of the channel and creating a continuous gas curtain. The gas distribution chambers are equipped with gas supply nozzles 17 and control candles 18. On both sides of the gas distribution chambers there are placed with slotted conical holes 19 gas collectors 20 to remove the exhaust gas from the working gas.

th space. The gas to be removed is recovered in the igniters 21. On the loading and unloading side, the unit contains nitrogen valves 22 with igniters 21, metal transport pallets 23 made

with holes 24 in the bottom and side walls. Cassettes 25 for stacking products (ke shown) are made of heat-resistant mesh. The unit also contains a cleaning system — drying the controlled atmosphere, a gas humidifier, pallet movement mechanisms, control consoles with instruments and regulators to automatically maintain temperature and gas conditions.

The unit works as follows.

5 Purging the working space with nitrogen. Nitrogen closures 22 prevent the ingress of air into the working space of the unit. After purging, a controlled atmosphere (process gas) and separation gas are supplied to the unit working space to create gas curtains. Transport pallets 23 with cassettes 25 mounted on them with the products to be processed: - (not shown) are transferred to a pre-oxidation furnace i, where the condition5 is heating and holding at a certain temperature and time in a humidified hydrogen atmosphere. In this case, a thin oxide film is formed on the articles. The technological process involves cooling the product after each heating and soaking in the same controlled atmosphere in which heating and holding were carried out to stabilize the oxide film. In a water-cooled heat exchanger 2, the product is cooled in a humidified hydrogen atmosphere. Hydrated hydrogen with a dew point temperature of 15 ° C enters the working space of the preliminary oxidation furnace 1 from the cylindrical exhaust nozzles 11 of the gas distribution manifold 7, and into the working water space of the cooled heat exchanger 2 from the exhaust nozzles 10 Laval, which form the surfaces in different planes. The ratio of the total surface areas of cylindrical gas nozzles for each gas distribution collector and Laval nozzles should be 1.62: 1 to create a gas-dynamic equilibrium of the atmosphere in the working space of the furnace and heat exchanger. Relatively cold gas entering the working space of the heat exchanger should not penetrate into the working space of the furnace and vice versa. Since the mass flow rate of gas flowing out of the hole (M). is defined by the formula M-F qnj2p (P -RZ), where f is the gas flow coefficient depending on the characteristics of the hole (nozzle) and the nozzle attached to the hole (for a cylindrical hole with sharp

exhaust gases are burned out. The conical slit openings 19 of the gas collector 20 allow exhaust gas to be removed (removed) across the entire width of the working space. Burning the torch on the control candles 18 indicates that the gas distribution chambers 15 are filled with hydrogen.

Next, the products are transferred to the final oxidation furnace 5, where heating and holding are carried out at certain edges, 6, and for the nozzle L aval 10 at a temperature and time in the atmosphere of 0.97), then from the formula it can be seen that with constantly moistened hydrogen ( module E). With

 This produces a high quality oxide film on the products. Then, the product of foam pressure values PI and 2, gas density p, area of the flow section F, gas flow will depend only

transferred to water cooled heat transfer coefficient f. Therefore, for ton b, where they are cooled in a humidified environment, to obtain the same gas flow rate through cylindrical gas nozzles and Laval nozzles to create gas dynamic equilibrium in the working space of the furnace and the corresponding heat exchanger.,

henn hydrogen. Controlled atmosphere — humidified hydrogen with a dew point temperature of 20 ° C, is fed to the furnace 5 and heat exchanger 6 from the gas distribution manifold 9, similarly to gas outflow from the total flow area of 20 lecturers 7 and 8. Controlled the atmosphere of module D (second stage annealing) is separated from the controlled Atmosphere modulus E (3rd stage annealing) separation azovym device. After the cooling cylinder gas nozzles for each gas distribution manifold, it is necessary to increase 0.97 / 0,, 62 times. Laval nozzles provide not only the flow of gas into the working space of heat 25 denn in the heat exchanger 6 products come out

exchanger, but also create turbulent gas flow, which contributes to more intensive cooling of products. A higher rate of gas outflow from the Laval nozzles also contributes to more intensive cooling of products. The number of Laval nozzles for each gas distribution manifold exceeds the number of cylindrical nozzles.

Next, the products are transferred to the reduction annealing furnace 3, where, in an atmosphere of dry hydrogen, the oxides formed during the pre-oxidation are reduced. The supply to the working space of the furnace 3 and the heat exchanger 4 of dry hydrogen with a dew point temperature of 70 ° C from the gas distribution manifold 8 through cylindrical nozzles and Laval nozzles is carried out similarly to the gas flow from the gas distribution catcher 7. Controlled atmosphere of module G (first annealing stage) separated from

thirty

35

40

from the channel of the unit to the receiving roller table (not shown).

The use of the invention to carry out a continuous process of 3-stage annealing of products in various congrouping atmospheres in one unit, and the application: no Lasal -: rv zorae: / e-,; elig. cooling manifolds, intensifies the cooling process, resulting in improved performance.

Formula t-Scoring

Claims (1)

I. An assembly for otzh.chga chdeli in the surrounding atmospheres, containing a module in the form of successively located heating chambers and a gas collector hydrogen purification and drying system, characterized in that, in order to increase productivity by ensuring continuity of processing e; ho; the atmosphere of the module D (the second stage of the anneal- 45 and the intensification of the cooling process, agga) by the gas separation device. The separation gas (dry hydrogen) from the gas distribution chamber 15, located outside the channel along the entire perimeter, enters the working space of the unit through groups of gas nozzles 16, 50 arranged perpendicularly forming the surface of the channel in a staggered pattern and creating a solid gas curtain. The spent process gas from the annealing zones and the separation gas to create a gas curtain are removed from the working space through the slotted conical holes 19, gas collectors 20 located on both sides of the gas distribution chambers 15 p of the upper part of the channel. In igniters 21 55 The regatta is equipped with additional modules attached to the main one, while DULY p j C CH- MO / LCH SOBOY IXUpe.lCTriPV, GAZorL,, 0, ih ELL x} SPECIALTIES. KO LechTor) 3 cooling chamber is made with Laval nozzles. and in the heating chamber, with cylindrical nozzles, the ratio of the total areas of the flow area of the cylindrical gas nozzles and Laval nozzles being l, 62: i. 2 A; The regatta according to clause I, which differs, is that the separating devices are made (zhdo gas distribution chambers and gas fins with conical slit openings installed along the perimeter of the process chambers. exhaust gases are burned out. The conical slit openings 19 of the gas collector 20 allow exhaust gas to be removed (removed) across the entire width of the working space. Burning the torch on the control candles 18 indicates that the gas distribution chambers 15 are filled with hydrogen. Next, the products are transferred to the final oxidation furnace 5, where they are heated and aged at a certain temperature and time in a humidified hydrogen atmosphere (module E). With are transferred to water-cooled heat transfer nik b, where they are cooled in a humidified hydrogen environment. Controlled atmosphere - humidified hydrogen with a dew point temperature of 20 ° C, is fed to the furnace 5 and the heat exchanger 6 from the gas distribution manifold 9, similarly to the outflow of gas from the collectors 7 and 8. The controlled atmosphere of module D (second stage annealing) is separated from the controlled atmosphere of module E (3 th stage annealing) dividing the azovy device. After cool from the channel of the unit to the receiving roller table (not shown). The use of the invention to carry out a continuous process of 3-stage annealing of products in various congrouping atmospheres in one unit, and the application: no Lasal -: rv zorae: / e-,; elig. cooling manifolds, intensifies the cooling process, resulting in improved performance. Formula t-Scoring I. An assembly for otzh.chga chdeli in the surrounding atmospheres, containing a module in the form of successively located heating chambers and a gas collector hydrogen purification and drying system, characterized in that, in order to increase productivity by ensuring continuity of processing e; ho; and intensification of the cooling process, and intensification of the cooling process, The regatta is equipped with additional modules attached to the main one, while DULY p j C CH- MO / LCH SOBOY IXUpe.lCTriPV, GAZorL,, 0, ih ELL x} SPECIALTIES. KO LechTor) 3 cooling chamber is made with Laval nozzles. and in the heating chamber, with cylindrical nozzles, the ratio of the total areas of the flow area of the cylindrical gas nozzles and Laval nozzles being l, 62: i. 2 A; The regatta according to clause I, which differs, is that the separating devices are made (zhdo gas distribution chambers and gas fins with conical slit openings installed along the perimeter of the process chambers. A-fr Bb srZZZZ &. hchchch X 23. About About About About About  oh oh oh Fi, 2 21 18 / ten uggregggggg-chgkh W l  ten Fig ,, 3 B-b puz. five