SU1574810A1 - Pneumatic hammer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to pneumatic hammers. The purpose of the invention is to improve the operating conditions by reducing the flow of compressed air. When the striker 2 moves to the cover 3, the latter, displacing, communicates the accumulator 18 and buffer chamber 8 through the radial holes 9 and 19, after which, when the striker moves to the working tool 6, the compressed air enters through the channel 17 from the accumulator chamber move. 1 il.

Description

The invention relates to pneumatic impact machines and can be used in construction, mining, mechanical engineering for the destruction of concrete, hard (frozen) soil, cutting a metal layer, etc.

The aim of the invention is to improve operating conditions by reducing the consumption of network air.

The drawing shows a longitudinal section of a hammer.

The pneumatic hammer contains a hollow body 1, a drummer 2 located therein and a cover 3 in the form of a cup with a flange, a second cup 4 resting on the end face of the body 1, a handle 5 mounted on it, a working member 6 mounted on the other end of the body, and a 7th launching device. the handle 5, located between the second glass 4 and the cover 3, the buffer chamber 8, pneumatically connected by radial holes 9 and the annular groove 10 through the throttle hole 11 and the channel 12 with the idle chamber 13. Between the lid 3 and the hammer 2 there is a working chamber 14, connected by a throttle hole 15 with a buffer chamber 8. A window 16 connects the hollow body 1 with the atmosphere, and the channel 17 connects the accumulation chamber 18 between the body 1 and the second glass 4. In the body 1, a hole 19 is made for periodic communication of the accumulation chamber 18 and the buffer chamber 8.

The hammer works as follows.

When you press the handle 5 and move it relative to the cup 4 through the starter 7, the network air flows into the buffer chamber 8 and the cover 3 is pressed with its shoulder to the end of the housing 1. With this position of the cover 3, the network air flows through radial holes 9 into the annular groove 10 and then through the throttle hole 11 and the channel 12 into the drum idle chamber 13. At the same time, the network air flows into the chamber 14 of the working stroke of the hammer through the throttle hole

15. In the position shown in the drawing, the chamber 14 is communicated through the exhaust windows 16 with the atmosphere. Since the cross section of the windows 16 is much larger than the cross section of the throttle hole 15, the pressure in the chamber 14 is close to atmospheric. In the chamber 13 at this time, the air pressure increases due to leakage from the network through the channel 12. Under the influence of the difference in air pressure on the ends of the striker, the latter begins to move towards the cover 3, idling. After the lateral surface of the striker overlaps the exhaust windows 16 in the chamber 14, compression of the air cut off in it and the air flowing from the network through the throttle hole 15 begins. Since the chamber 14 is communicated by channels 17 to the accumulation chamber 18.

and through the throttle 15 having a small flow area, a small amount of network air flows into the chamber 14, then the pressure in the chamber 14 increases slowly when the hammer moves, and does not reach the network. When approaching the lid 3, the firing pin overlaps the channels 17, after which the air pressure in the chamber 14 begins to increase sharply and becomes larger than the network pressure when the firing pin reaches the top dead center. Under the action of the pressure difference on the cover 3 from the side of the chambers 8 and 14, the cover moves towards the chamber 8, while blocking the throttle hole 11 into the idle chamber of the hammer, thereby stopping the supply of air to the chamber

13. At the same time, the radial openings 9 and! 9 are combined, through which the network air is injected into the chamber 18 and the pressure in the chamber rises to the network. By this time, the air pressure in the chamber is reduced to close to atmospheric, since exhaust air is exhausted from it through the windows 16. Due to the difference in air pressure at the ends of the striker, the latter will begin to move towards the working tool. As the striker moves away from the lid, the volume of the chamber increases.

14, whereby the pressure therein decreases. Under the action of the difference in air pressure on the cover from the side of the chambers 8, the latter returns to its original position, blocking access to the network air into the chamber J8 and simultaneously communicating the camera 13 with the network through the hole 9 and the channel

12. When the channels 17 open through the striker through them, the air accumulated in the chamber 18 will begin to flow into the striker stroke chamber 14, thereby maintaining the design pressure in it.

After the drummer closes the windows 16 in the chamber 13, compression of the air cut off in it and the air flowing from the network through the channel 12 will begin. With further movement, the hammer opens the windows 16 through which the exhaust air is discharged into the chamber 14 into the atmosphere. Overcoming chamber back pressure

13, the drummer continues to move and strikes the shank of the working tool, the drummer will begin to move towards the lid

3. The cycle of work is repeated.

The design of the hammer allows the cover 3 to be moved towards the chamber 8 also due to its forced displacement by the calculated value by the moving hammer after contact with it.

Unlike. The prototype of the proposed hammer design allows you to block the channels supplying the air of the working and idle chambers of the drummer by at least 12 ... 15% of the cycle time, thereby reducing the flow of network air without reducing the energy parameters of the hammer.

Claims (1)

Claim A pneumatic hammer containing a hollow body located in it and dividing it into chambers for working and idling, a drum mounted in the working chamber cover in the form of a cup with a flange resting on the end face of the body, a second cup forming with the latter a storage chamber pneumatically connected to a working chamber, and with a glass bottom with a flange - a buffer chamber pneumatically connected to the working and idle chambers, a handle with a start valve and a working tool mounted on the other end of the housing Characterized in that, in order to improve uslo5 Vij operation by reducing the power of air flow in the housing wall provided with radial openings facing in the accumulative chamber, and a nozzle wall flange - radial btverstiya offset toward the working yn ¹⁰ strument respect to the first oadial openings. Editor O. Spesivykh Order 1767 Compiled by A. Sokolov Tehred A. Kravchuk Proofreader T. Malets Circulation 390 Subscribed VNIIIPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries under the State Committee for Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow. Zh-35, Raushskaya nab., D. 4/5 Production and Publishing Plant "Patent", Uzhhorod, st. Gagarina, 101