SU1571750A1 - Directional coupler - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to radio engineering and can be used as a directional coupler with symmetrical relatively common bus inputs. The aim of the invention is to expand the operating frequency band. A directional coupler contains a generator 1, loads 2, 3 and 4, multi-conductor lines 5 and 6, transformer 7. Multi-conductor lines 5 and 6, transformer 7 are made of segments of coaxial cables, the outer conductors of which are connected in pairs along the whole length and form conductors 5.3 and 5.6

6.3 and 6.6. The pairs of conductors 5.3 and 5.6, 6.3 and 6.6 form two-wire lines of a certain characteristic impedance. When the condition of matching two-wire lines 5.3 and 5.6, 6.3 and 6.6 is fulfilled, taking into account the transfer ratio of transformer 7, load 3 separates the incident wave from generator 1, and load 4, the main part, and load 2 reflects the reflected wave 4, if it is not agreed. In the directional coupler, in a wide frequency band, the power of the generator 1 is distributed into unequal parts, the power reflected from the main load 4 is separated, and the resistance of the loads 2, 3 and 4 is transformed. 1 Il.

Description

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4, multi-conductor lines 5, b, gras- formator 7. Multi-conductor lines 5 and 6, transformer 7 are made of segments of coaxial cables, the outer conductors of which are connected in pairs along the whole length and form conductors 5.3 and 5.6 $ 6.3 and 6.6. The pairs of conductors 5.3 and 5.6, 6.3 and 6.6 form two-wire lines of a certain characteristic impedance. When the condition of matching two-wire lines 5.3 and 5.6, 6.3 and 606 is satisfied, taking into account the coefficient

The invention relates to radio rex- and can be used as a directional coupler with symmetrical relatively common bus inputs mainly in the HF and VHF bands.

The aim of the invention is to expand the working frequency band.

The drawing shows a circuit diagram of a directional coupler.

The directional coupler contains the generator 1, the first, the second and the third load 2,3,4, the first and the second multi-wire lines 5 and 6, respectively, with the order numbers of the 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6 lines of the multi-wire line. 5 and 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6 for multi-wire line 6 and transformer 7.

Multi-conductor lines 5 and 6, as well as transformer 7, are shown made of segments of coaxial cables, the outer conductors of which are connected in pairs along the whole length and form 5.3, 5.6, 6.3, 6.6 conductors in multi-conductor lines 5 and 6, and pairs of conductors 5.3, 5.6 and 6.3, 6.6 form two-wire lines of a certain characteristic impedance. Beginnings of conductors are marked by dots.

The directional coupler works as follows.

A wave of electric oscillations from generator 1, which is symmetrical with respect to the common bus, is distributed in section A-A indicated in the drawing between the pairs of conductors 5.1 and 5.3, 6.2.

Transformer 7 in load 3 is separated by a branch of the incident wave from generator 1, and in na, load 4 is its main part, in load 2, the reflected wave from load 4 is released if it is not matched. In the directional coupler, in a wide frequency band, the power of the generator 1 is distributed into unequal parts, the power reflected from the main load 4 is separated, and the resistance of the loads 2, 3 and 4, 1 sludge is transformed.

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and 6.3, then in section B-B enters the inputs of the transformer 7 and, in addition, extends between paramch conductors 5.2 and 5.3, 6.1 and 6.3, 5.3 and 6.6, 6.3 and 6.6 in accordance with the input impedances, in section Bb between floor1,: i pairs of conductors. Passing through two-wire lines formed by pairs of conductors 5.2 and 5.3, 6-2 and 6.3, the electric oscillations, summed up, are released in load 3; oscillations that have passed in the section AA over conductor pairs

5.3 and 5.6, 6.3 and 6.6, are added at the entrances of the conductor pairs 5.5 and 5.6,

6.4 and 6.6 with oscillations of the outputs of the transformer 7 and enter the load 4, and at the inputs of the pairs of conductors 5.4

and 5.6, 6.5 and 6.6 are subtracted from the oscillations coming from the outputs of the transformer 7. The resulting oscillation is transferred to the load 2. When the condition of matching the two-wire lines formed by the above conductors is satisfied, taking into account the transfer ratio of the transformer 7 in the load 3 waves from generator 1, in load 4, its main part, and in load 2, zero; in load 2, the reflected wave is emitted from load 4, if it is not matched.

To ensure the matching condition, it is necessary to provide a characteristic impedance equal to W for conductor pairs 5.1 and 5.3, 6.1 and 6.3, and 5.3, 6.2 and 6.3, an impedance equal to KW for pairs of conductors 5.4 and 5.6, 5.5 and 5.6, 6.4 and 6.6 6.5

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and 6.6, characteristic impedance, is

KW. ,,

t-for pairs of conductors 5.3 and 5.6,

6.3 and 6.6, while the values of the loads 2, 3 and 4 must be respectively equal to 2KW, 2W and 2KW, where K is the transfer coefficient of the transformer 7 from inputs to outputs.

The drawing shows an embodiment of a transformer 7 with a transmission coefficient of 1.5. If we take the power of generator 1 for P0, t in load 4 the power is released

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(NU. And in the load 3 - y.

While ensuring equality of phase shifts introduced by multi-conductor

the input of the directional coupler is the beginning of the first conductor of the first multi-wire line and the end of the second conductor of the second multi-conductor line, the beginning of which is connected to the end of the second conductor of the first multi-wire line, the end of the first and the beginning of the third conductor of the first multi-wire line are connected respectively to the beginning of the first and the third end of the second multi-wire conductors line, characterized in that, in order to expand the working 15 frequency band, the transformer input is connected between the ends of the first and second conductors of the first multi-conductor line, and its output is between the beginnings of the fifth and fourth conductors

lines, 5,6 and transformer 7,.

an algebraic distribution of the first multi-wire line is provided, which

connected to the ends of the fifth and fourth conductors of the second multi-conductor line respectively, the beginning of the sixth conductor of the second multi-conductor 25 line is connected to the end of the sixth conductor of the first multi-conductor line, and the first load is connected between the end of the fourth conductor of the first multi-conductor line and the beginning of the fifth conductor of the second multi-conductor line , the second load is connected between the beginning of the second conductor of the first multi-wire line and the end of the first conductor of the second multi-conductor Directed response rer containing 35 lnnii between the beginning of the fourth simpler alternator, first and second multi which the superconductor and the end of the fifth proprovodnye line, first, second and the superconductor tre- first multiconductor line

load and transformer

division of electrical oscillations in sections A-A and BB of the directional coupler circuit instead of the vector one, typical of the prototype.

Thus, in a wide-band directional tap, the power of the generator 1 is distributed into unequal parts, the power reflected from the base load 4 is separated, and the load resistances 2 and 4 are transformed.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula included a third load. the input of the directional coupler is the beginning of the first conductor of the first multi-wire line and the end of the second conductor of the second multi-conductor line, the beginning of which is connected to the end of the second conductor of the first multi-wire line, the end of the first and the beginning of the third conductor of the first multi-wire line are connected respectively to the beginning of the first and the third end of the second multi-wire conductors line, characterized in that, in order to expand the working 5 frequency band, the transformer input is connected between the ends of the first and second conductors of a multiconductor first line, and its output - between the beginning of the fifth and fourth conductors . included a third load.