SU1571401A1 - Device for measuring liquid consumption - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to technical diagnostics for diagnosing a volumetric hydraulic drive, construction, road and other machines. The aim of the invention is to improve the measurement accuracy. To measure the flow rate by turning the rod 32 180 °, the valve 30 is opened, the valve 29 closes and locks the liquid in the cavity to the left of the spool 27, the position of which in this case will be clearly fixed on one side by the fluid blocked by valve 29 33. Next, turn the spool 13 as far as possible and close the valve 4. Having established the nominal speed of rotation of the pump shaft, turn the spool 13 smoothly and, using the valve, set a certain pressure drop ΔР at the narrowing 15 of the main throttle . This will reduce the gap between the conical part 14 of the spool 13 and the restriction 15. When the value of ΔP reaches a certain value or 19 of the reading device 16, it will show the flow rate through the gap with a certain viscosity. The consistency of the flow rate is ensured by bypassing a part of the fluid having a different viscosity than the nominal one through a compensating choke. The viscosity indicator 23 serves to set the needle 28 to a position that depends on the viscosity of the fluid, the value of which is read in divisions on the rod 32. 2 Il.

Description

The invention relates to technical diagnostics, to devices for diagnosing a volumetric hydraulic drive, in particular, construction, road and other machines.

The aim of the invention is to improve the accuracy of measurements

Figure 1 shows the device, a general view; Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the main throttle, drossel compensator and humidity indicator.

The device consists of a housing 1, a throttle, passing into the drain connection 2. A pressure connection 3 in the form of a knee is attached to the housing. A discharge valve 4 is installed between the drain pipes 2 and the discharge 3 to allow the working fluid to flow. A thermometer 5 is attached to the discharge nozzle 3 by means of fitting 6. To prevent large contaminants from entering the device, the discharge nozzle 3 is equipped with a metal grid 7 with a cell size of 0.5 mm, which is fixed with a threaded ring 8. A low pressure gauge 9 is also connected to the discharge nozzle through valve 10 and high pressure gauge 11 through fitting 12.

The main throttle body 1 has a spool 13 with a truncated cone 14. The spool 13 has the ability to move inside the body 1 along the left-hand thread and in the right extreme position abuts the cone 14 into the conical narrowing 15 of the body 1.

The counting mechanism 16 is fixed on the opposite side of the spool 1 3 by means of a threaded connection and a locking screw 17.

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The counting element 16 consists of a ring 18 and a limb 19 with divisions fixed to the ring 18 by a nut 20. To prevent the spool 13 from completely turning out of the housing 1, there is a screw 21. On the outer surface of the housing 1, under the limb 19 are divisions, which together with the divisions Limb 19 is used to measure the flow of working fluid through the device (in l / min).

To ensure the tightness of the connection of the spool 13 with the housing 1, two sealing rings are installed .22.

A viscosity indicator 23 is attached to the rear part of the spool 13 and connected to the discharge port 3 through an opening 24 and a channel 25 drilled in the body of the spool 13. The viscosity indicator 23 is provided with a calibrated channel 26 of small diameter (0.5 mm) - a cap.

Inside the spool 13 is a throttle compensator, connected in parallel to the throttle, but having a much lower throughput. The throttle compensator consists of a spool 27, equipped with a needle 28, valves 29 and 30, holes 31, rods 32 and springs 33. The compensator throttle is sealed with rings 34 and 35. The ring 35 is installed in the cover 36. Yes, the bar 32 has divisions corresponding to fluid viscosity (cSt).

The viscosity indicator is attached to the spool with 13 screws 37.

To the drain pipe 2 is connected to the pressure gauge 38 through the fitting 39. In it

also, a pivoting flap 40 is installed, consisting of an axis 41 of the plate 42, two screws 43. The axis 41 is sealed by an epiploon 44, which is pressed against the lid 45.

The cylindrical surfaces of the valves 29 and 30, as well as the inner surface of the hole in the spool 13, which is in contact with the valves 29 and 30, the shank 46 of the spool 28 are ground in and have very small gaps in conjunction, i.e. Leaks through the specified gaps during the time of diagnosis will be almost zero and will not affect the device readings.

The device works as follows.

When diagnosing the hydraulic drive units, the pressure connection 3 is connected to the pressure line of the hydraulic unit under diagnosis, and the drain connection is connected to the drain line of the hydraulic system. Before starting the measurement, the discharge valve 4 is fully open, and the main throttle is closed, the spool 27 is retracted to the far left position by the spring 33, and the valve 29 is closed. Opening the valve 10 and smoothly closing the valve 4, the pressure in the pressure pipe, counter-mounted on the pressure gauge 9, is adjusted to a certain value: 2 kgf / cm higher than the pressure in the drain pipe, controlled by the pressure gauge 38, and by turning the rod 32 to 180 ° opens the valve 29 for a strictly defined time (10 s), and the valve 30 closes the opening 24. The working fluid through the channel 25 enters the viscosity indicator 23 and, passing at a certain speed depending on the viscosity of the liquid, through the capillary 26 and the open valve 29 presses on the face Valve spool 27. The spool 27, compressing the spring 33, moves to the right. The greater the viscosity of the fluid, the slower the fluid passes through the capillary, the slower the valve 27 moves to the right, and the smaller the distance it travels in 10 seconds. A smaller distance therefore passes and the needle 28-, forming a larger annular gap with a hole 31. Nd partially injected into the spool 13 of the rod 32, you can read the viscosity of the fluid in cSt.

To measure fluid flow through the device by rotating the rod 32

the valve 30 opens at 180 °, while the valve 29 closes and locks the fluid in the cavity to the left of the spool 27. Thus, the position of the plunger 27 will be clearly fixed on one side by the fluid locked by the valve 29, and on the other spring 33.

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Then it is necessary to turn the spool 13 as far as possible and close the valve 4. Having set the rated speed of rotation of the shaft, the pump smoothly wraps

5 zoYaotnik 13, raise the pressure in the discharge port 3 and, simultaneously with the manipulator valve 40, establish a certain pressure drop JP at the constriction 15 of the main throttle.

0 This reduces the gap between the conical part 14 of the spool 13 and the constriction 15. When this annular gap decreases to such an extent that the pressure drop across the constriction in the pressure section 5 of the cockpit 3 reaches, for example, jP 160 kgf / cm2, the limb 19 of the reading device 16 will be read the fluid flow (in l / min) through this gap at a certain viscosity

0 liquid 7 cSt.

The throttle compensator allows to obtain a constant flow rate of fluid through the device at a nominal pressure in the viscosity range of the working fluid.

, bones from 7 to 50 cSt, which corresponds to the viscosity of the working fluid of the hydraulic system - the VMGZ system (TU 38-101479-74 in the temperature range from 75 to 8 ° C. Consumption is ensured

0 By passing a part of a fluid having a viscosity of more than 7 cSt through the throttle compensator. When measuring the flow rate of a fluid with a viscosity of 7 cSt or less, the needle 28 completely covers

5 hole 31, if the fluid viscosity is 50 cSt or more, then hole 31 is as open as possible.

The viscosity indicator 23 serves to install the needle 28 into a specific position.

0, depending on the viscosity of the fluid, and also for measuring the viscosity, the value of which is read by the divisions on the rod 32.

Crane 4 has three modes of operation:

5 - when the valve is fully open, there is a free discharge of fluid from the discharge pipe 3 to the drain pipe 2, the main throttle (bypass mode);

- setting the viscosity of the device, in which the valve 4 is set in such a position that the pressure in the discharge port 3 is

2 kgf / cm higher than the drain 2;

- flow measurement mode, valve 4 is fully closed.

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The pressure on the discharge line, established by the valve 40, should be somewhat greater than the response pressure of the safety valves installed on the drain line of the hydraulic systems.

- | | Therefore, before measuring the flow of fluid, it is advisable to check the pressure at the drain in the hydraulic system. For this, by fixing the position of the spool 27 when the spool 13 is turned out and the nominal speed of rotation of the shaft n & with open valve 40, the pressure on the discharge is determined from the pressure gauge 38.

The grid 7 does not create such a significant hydraulic resistance, which could affect the accuracy of the device, but eliminates the possibility of clogging the viscosity indicator.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for measuring fluid flow, comprising a housing with a throttle located therein, a pressure head and The inlet pipe, temperature sensors and high pressure, characterized in that, in order to improve the measurement accuracy, the throttle valve is made in the form of a spool, having a truncated cone shaped on one end, located in the housing bore, respectively; equipped with a discharge valve connecting the pressure and drain pipes, a reading element in the form of a limb fixed on the second end of the slide, two low-pressure gauges, one of which is connected to the pressure pipe, the other with a drain, rotary valve installed on the drain pipe behind a low pressure manometer, viscosity indicator fitted with a bar with a scale and a capillary made in the indicator housing fixed on the second end of the spool, a throttle compensator 5 located in the body of the spool and connected parallel to it, with the possibility of movement in the spool bore, while at the end of the throttle compensator, made in the form of a shaped needle, a spring is fixed, and the cavity behind the throttle compensator is connected with a viscosity indicator capillary and a throttle compensator are equipped with two valves, one of which is connected to the discharge port and the other 5 with viscosity indicator. 1 6-6 Figm