SU1567593A1 - Gas generator for heat processing of lump fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to gas generators for the thermochemical processing of solid fuels and improves the performance of the gas generator. The gas generator is equipped with two annular chambers for drying and semi-coking of bulk fuel and gasification of semi-coke, installed coaxially with a central cylindrical chamber for collecting gaseous products and connected through a corresponding number of cone-shaped coaxially arranged separation grids or boxes with a loading device, and the discharge device contains a system of vertically installed shafts with adjustable speed and attached to them at one end of the scraper bars placed above the bottom of the ring evyh chambers, the bottom fixedly provided at different levels in the gasifier housing. 2 hp f-ly, 1 ill.

Description

The invention relates to the thermochemical processing of solid fuels, such as oil shale, to produce liquid, gaseous and solid products therefrom.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the performance of the gas generator and improve environmental conditions.

The drawing shows a gas generator, a section.

The gas generator contains a cylindrical case 1, a lining 2, an internal cylindrical chamber 3 located along the vertical axis of the case 1 of a loading device containing a pre-molded box C, and separating co-shaped cone-shaped re-

brushes 5. Lattices 5 are installed at an angle not less than the angle of repose of the processed fuel, preferably 5 to 60 ° and assembled from cylindrical elements (preferably tubular) with a pitch that diverges from top to bottom, the dimensions of which correspond to the minimum and maximum sizes of pieces separated by the fuel faction. Along the vertical axis of the casing, annular shafts 6 are located, connected through separating grids 5 with a charging device and containing fuel drying zone 7, semi-coking zone 8 and semi-coke gasification zone 9, while the walls 10 of the shaft are made of lattice

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mi (from cylindrical, vertical elements, preferably tubular). In the lower part of the gas generator casing, there is a discharge device j, which includes a system of vertically installed hollow shafts 11 with an adjustable rotational speed, and bars attached to the shafts at one end — scrubbers 12, placed above the bottom of 13 10 circular shafts, which are fixed at different levels on the housing 1 of the gas generator. The shafts 11 are driven into rotation by a drive system consisting of bearings and half-mount 5 elements housed in the box 14.

The gas generator is equipped with a nozzle 15 for inlet and outlet of cooling water, nozzles 16, 17 and 18 for introducing coolant into the drying zone, semi-coke and gasification, respectively, as well as a nozzle 19 for withdrawing solid residue and a nozzle 20 for evaporating gases and gases with boxes 21 to remove vapors and gases from chamber 3.

To impart mechanical strength to the separating gratings 5 and the walls of the shafts, they are supplied with heads 22 and transverse annular elements 23.

 The gas generator works in the following 30 ways.

Slate having a fractional composition in the range of 10-125 mm is loaded into the receiving box 4, from where it is lowered onto the separating cone-shaped brushes 5.

The optimal size limits for pieces with reference to a generator with two grids and three shafts are for conditionally large, medium 4, and small fractions of shale, respectively: 125-80; 80-40; 40-10 mm. In this case, pieces of slate size 125-80 are separated into the peripheral (extreme) annular shaft, into the middle 80-40 and 4 into the inner one - no more than 40 (preferably 40-10 mm). Accordingly, the width of the slots in the cone gratings (between the elements) should be in the range: for the top grid 40 - 5 80 mm, for the bottom 10-40 mm „

The shale sorted into fractions is lowered into annular mines 6, the passage of the drying zone 7, semi-coking 8 and gasification of semi-coke 9 successively. Heat transfer medium is supplied to each zone simultaneously through all the mines 6 at the appropriate temperature and quantity determined by calculation of the material balance gas generator. Supply is carried out: into the zones of drying and semi-coking through pipes 16 and 17 into the gasification zone through pipes 18. Steam or own-produced gas or a mixture of steam and gas is supplied as a heat carrier. (In the gasification zone 9, the preferred addition of free oxygen to the coolant, including air. Drying, semi-coking and gasification products, having radially passed a layer of pieces in the annular mines, come with the coolant through the screen walls 10 into the inner cylindrical chamber 3 (from where they go through the ducts 21 and the nozzles 20 beyond the limits of the gas generator to the cooling and separation system, pieces of shale and then coke-ash residue, passing through zones 7.8 and 9 for drying, semi-coking and gasification, respectively fall onto stationary looking 13) from which the scraper 12C is scraped off by rotating bars with each bar connected to an autonomous hollow, cylindrical shaft 11, the shafts are fixed between the bearings and equipped with corresponding drive means located in the box 14.

Claims (3)

1. Gas generator for thermal processing of lump fuel containing a cylindrical lined case with devices for loading and unloading fuel, nozzles for introducing coolant and withdrawing vapor-gas products, a cylindrical chamber for collecting these products, located along the vertical axis of the case with the formation of ring shafts c1 fuel drying zones semi-coking and gasification of semi-coke, characterized in that, in order to increase productivity, it is equipped with coaxially mounted in a cylindrical chamber and mines with lattice partitions and conical coaxially mounted separation grids, fixed bases on the upper ends of the coaxial partitions and the cylindrical 936 the camera, while the device for unloading is made in the form of a set of coaxial shafts with bars mounted above the bottoms of the annular sections located on the generator housing at different levels. 2. Gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the cone-shaped separating grids are installed at an angle not less than the angle of repose of the processed fuel, preferably 5-60 ° to the horizon. 3. The gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular shafts are connected to the charging device through ducts mounted at an angle of 45-60 ° to the horizontal plane. Slate Pairs and Uses I Pairs and Basics Editor M. Nedoluzhenko Compiled by L. Lazarenko Tehred M. Hodaipch Proofreader L. Patay Order 1301 Circulation 35 VNIIPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., D. V5 20 6 17 13 Coking residue Subscription