SU1564396A1 - Variable capacity centrifugal pump - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a pump engineering industry. The goal is to provide axial unloading of the wheel. The adjustable centrifugal pump has a movable disk 6 with grooves 7 and a stationary disk 5 with blades 4 located in the grooves 7. The mobile disk moves with the help of rod 8 and rods 9 when pressure changes in chamber 11 depending on the degree of opening of regulator 15. For axial unloading the pump is equipped with two unloading chambers 17, 18 with disks 19, 20, one of which (20) unloads disk 5 and the other (19) disk 6 of impeller 2. 3 Il.

Description

The invention relates to pump construction, namely to designs of adjustable centrifugal pumps.

The purpose of the invention is to provide axial unloading of the pump.

Figure 1 shows the construction of a pump; Fig. 2 shows a section A-A in Fig. 1 in Fig. 3 a driven disc with blades.

Adjustable centrifugal pump includes a housing 1 and k; At least one impeller 2 mounted on shaft 3 and having blades 4 and disks 5 and 6, one of which is rigidly fixed to hollow shaft 3, and the other mounted for axial movement relative to shaft 3, while in the movable disk 6 grooves 7, and the blades 4 are fixed on the fixed disk 5 and placed in the slots 7 of the movable disk 6, the latter is connected with the axial movement mechanism by means of the rod 8 located in the hollow shaft 3 and the rods 9 passing through the holes 10 in the shaft 3 and connecting rods 8 with a movable disk 6. Axle mechanism The first movement is made in the form of a control chamber 11 with a spring-loaded piston 12 installed in it and communicated with the channels 13 with the injection area 14 and through the regulator 15 with the pump suction area 16, the latter being provided with discharge chambers 17, 18 s communicated with the suction area 16 the discharge discs 19, 20 installed in them, one of the discs 19 mounted on the rod 8 and installed to form the throttle slot 21 with the piston 12, and the other 20 mounted on the shaft 3 and mounted to form the slot 22 with the housing 1. Rods 9 on disk 6 are held by a ring 23, which is fastened with screws (not shown). The disk 20 is fixed by means of a split nut 24, which is locked by a screw 25. A rotational moment on the impeller 2, the discharge disks 19, 20 is transmitted by means of keys (not shown). The pump works as follows.

If the regulator 15 is completely closed, the fluid from the pump discharge area 14, entering through the channels 13 into the control chamber 11, holds the piston 12 in its lowest position (see; Fig. 1). This is because the area of the piston 12 is larger than the area of the ring of the discharge disk 19 and the piston 12 is spring-loaded, the rod 8 is in the lowermost position (see Fig. 1). The disks 6 which are rigidly connected with the rod 8 by the rods 9 are in the lowest position (see Fig. 1), while the blades 4 have a maximum width.

If during the operation of the pump it is necessary to change its characteristics, then it is performed as follows.

The regulator 15 opens, while the chamber 21 above the piston 12 through the regulator 15 communicates with the pump suction area 16, the pressure in the chamber 11 drops and the piston 12 moves upward until the force that occurs when the spring is compressed balances In the chamber 11, the force transmitted by the ring of the relief disk 19 to the piston 12. Following the ring of the discharge disk 19, the discharge disk 19 and the rod 8 move upwards. When the rod 8 moves upwards together with it, the rods 9 move upwards in the holes 10, moving the disks 6 upwards. Shiri a blade 4 decreases. When reducing the flow area of the regulator 15, the pressure in the chamber 11 increases, the piston 12 under its action moves down, the spring expands. The downward movement of the piston 12 occurs until the force exerted on the piston 12 by the pressure in the chamber 11 and the spring is balanced by the force transferred to the piston 12 by the discharge disk ring 19. When the piston 12 and the discharge face 19 are moved downward, the discharge side moves g IM .MICK 19 and rod 8. Disks 6 with (9 lines and move down and the wax; and e 4

five . 15 increases. Thus, by changing the size of the flow area of the regulator 15, it is possible to smoothly change the width of the blades 4, which makes it possible to maintain a constant pressure with a variable pump flow, a constant flow when the pressure changes, or other dependencies between the pressure and the flow.

The rotor of the pump is completely unloaded from axial forces. The axial forces generated by the discs 5 are compensated for by the discharge disc 20, and the axial forces generated by the discs 6 are compensated for by the discharge disc 19.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula An adjustable centrifugal pump comprising a housing and at least one impeller mounted on a shaft and having blades and discs, one) of which is rigidly fixed to the hollow shaft and the other mounted for axial movement from 0 five 0 five 6 shaft, while the movable disk is grooved, and the blades are fixed on a fixed disk and placed in the grooves of the movable disk, the latter is connected with the axial movement mechanism by means of a rod placed in the hollow shaft and rods passing through the holes in the shaft and rod with a movable disk, characterized in that, in order to provide axial unloading of the wheel, the axial movement mechanism in the form of a control chamber with a spring-loaded piston installed in it and communicated by channels with the injection region and through A puller with a pump suction area, the latter being provided with discharge chambers communicated with the suction area with discharge disks installed in them, one of the disks fixed to the rod and installed to form a throttle slit with a piston, and the other fixed to the shaft and mounted to form a slit with the body. Aa 4 5 7 2 W 2 No. g guv Fig.Z