SU1563951A2 - Honing machine for cylindrical surfaces - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a machine tool industry and can be used in mechanical engineering in the automation of turning universal machines. The aim of the invention is to expand the technological capabilities of the machine by facilitating the simultaneous processing of the internal and external surfaces of the workpiece. For the workpiece, which is placed on the lathe support, the outer and inner surfaces are machined simultaneously with cutting tools. In this case, the workpiece is located between the disks in the fixture located on the additional support of the machine carriage. The workpiece is rotated from a special drive by frictional contact with a rubberized drive wheel. 3 hp ff, 23 ill.

Description

The invention relates to a machine tool industry, can be used in mechanical engineering in the automation of turning universal machines and is additional to the main author. St. No. 867620.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the technological capabilities of the machine by simultaneously processing both external and internal surfaces on the machine.

FIG. 1 shows a machine, a general view; in fig. 2 - the same, in the position of the beginning of the movement of the workpiece to the cutting zone; in fig. 3 - the same, in the position of the end of the movement of the part and before returning it to its original position; in fig. 4 — node I in FIG. 2; in FIG. 5 — node II in FIG. 2; in fig. 6 is a view A of FIG. 3; in fig. 7 is a view B in FIG. 6; in fig. 8 shows the node III in FIG. 2; in fig. 9 is node IV in FIG. ten; in fig. 10 — view B in FIG. 2; in fig. 11 is a view of FIG. ten; in fig. 12 is a section d-d in FIG. 2; in fig. 13 shows section EE of FIG. eight; in fig. 14 is a view of FIG. 13; in fig. 15 is a view of FIG. 13; in fig. 16 is a cross section KK in FIG. 15; in fig. 17 - Unafig.2 node; nafig. 18-node VI in FIG. 17;

in fig. 19 is a view L in FIG. 18; in fig. 20 is a section M-M in FIG. nineteen; in fig. 21 is a section HH in FIG. 20; in fig. 22 - removable handle detachable key; in fig. 23 is a view P of FIG. 22

The honing machine comprises a housing 1, a drive 2 of a reciprocating movement, a sleeve 3, a shackle 4, rigidly connecting the sleeve 3 with a thrust 5 of a reciprocating drive, a spindle 6 placed inside the sleeve, kinematically connected at one end with a slotted sleeve 7, fixed by a nut 8 in the spindle bore of the machine and having the possibility of rotation relative to the sleeve 3. The case 1 is fixed to the machine guides of the machine by means of the slats 9 with screws 10.

To the spindle 6 from the side opposite to the spline sleeve 7 by means of the Hook hinge, the head 11 is fastened. The cylindrical article 12 to be machined is mounted on the support of the machine 13 in the fixture. Lubricating fluid is supplied to the treatment zone.

about with so

SP

N)

ten

and the device 14 and is discharged into the common ak through the drain system 15.

The machine is also equipped with a working body 16 containing master and constant elements, with the help of which the carriage 17 5 creates fast idle strokes, for example, at the moment of removal of the surface 12 of the workpiece 12 from the head 11.

The defining element includes a pneumatic cylinder body 18, a piston 19, a rod 20 and levers 21.

The actuator includes mechanical arms, made in the form of L-shaped grippers 22, provided with local contact jaws 23, which serve to keep balls 15 24 from falling out, intended to periodically grip the rod 25.

The housing 18 of the pneumatic cylinder has a bracket 26 in which the fingers 27 are fixed on one side and has a hinged connection from the shaft-link 28, the axis 29 and the bearings 30, on the other side the openings C and D serve to supply compressed air.

The working body 16 is attached to the frame of the machine similar to the housing 1.25

Sponges 23, balls 24, shaft-28 with an axis 29 and bearings 30 serve to provide the head 11 of the corresponding degrees of freedom and to allow the head of the hone to self-align with the axis of the cylindrical surface 30 of the product 12 under its own weight at the moment the driver and actuator act working body 16.

The right contact jaws of the L-shaped grip 22 are as close as possible to the head of the hone 11, which is an indispensable condition for its prevention from spontaneous deflection in the inner groove zone D and for mechanical orientation of the hone head 11 relative to 40 of the cylindrical surface of the product 12 being machined. .

In order to expand technological capabilities, an additional caliper 32 is placed on the slide 31, for providing additional mobility of 45 2U along the spindle axis along the guides 33 (Figs 1, 2, 3 and 12) the additional slide 32 has a mechanism for rotating the part 12, end stops and a pulsator.

The rotation mechanism of the part 12 comprises a clamping device and a drive unit 0 and serves to impart the supply of the part 12 and its rotation in the direction opposite to the rotation of the hone head 11.

The clamping device (Fig. 10) includes: the cover 34, the support rollers 35, the "spring-loaded rollers 36 on the hinge 37, the spring 38, the rod 39 and the end stops. The drive unit includes: a bracket 40 in the form of a zigzag shape, located

five

five

0

50

five

0

pusher 42 with a spring 43, rubberized drive wheel 44 with a pulley 45, flexible gear 46, tensioning device made in the form of a roller 47 on the push rod 48 with a spring 49. The flexible gear 46 is connected with the pulley 50 and the electric motor 51 .

The drive assembly is designed to communicate the rotational movement of each part 12 via a driving wheel 44 with a rubberized surface for effective engagement with the outer surface of this part 12. At the same time, each part

18 is pressed against the support rollers 35 by spring-loaded rollers 36. The pressing force of each part 12 is adjusted by the clutch 52, by turning it with the handle 53 about the axis 54. The support rollers 35 and the spring-loaded rollers 36 are arranged in pairs, in two rows.

Each part 12 is positioned (Figs. 10 and 11) between the end stops, which have a flexible connection and contain twin wheels 55 on rolling bearings, twin rails 56 with gears 57, twin rolling pins 58 with stoppers 59 for fixing the amount of discs inlets 55, limb 60 with a flywheel 61 and traverse 62.

Limb 60 with a flywheel 61 is designed to regulate the paired discs 55 along the length of part 12.

The pulsator (Figs. 2 and 17) is intended to impart the workpiece 12 an ascillating feed with the ability to control its frequency without stopping the machine. The pulsator contains a pneumatic cylinder 63, a rod 64 with a piston 65 and pneumatic channels 66 and 67, a coupling 68, a spool 69, t gu 70, a casing 71 with built-in support balls 72 and a calibrated plate 73, pneumatic switches 74, 75 and a nozzle. The coupling 68, the valve 69 and the pneumatic switches 74, 75 are interconnected by flexible hoses (not shown).

The nozzle is designed to change the variable displacement of the additional support 32.

The nozzle has cams 76 and 77, the last of which has mobility with the help of twin screws 78, gearing gears 79 with latch 80 and a floating split key (Fig. 18, 20,

19 and 21).

Floating split key has a double square rod 81 which is spring-loaded on both sides, a pointer 82, a removable handle 83 with a safety gear 84, for example, of a magnet on a slider 35, a spring 86 and a stop 87.

The safety device 84 is designed to reliably align the axes between the rod 81 and the removable handle 83.

The rod 81 in the spring-loaded state pulses together with the rod 64, and for

adjusting the frequency of the acyclic feed, this rod 81 stops with a removable handle 83 after they dock and after they have been moved by an amount before the end of the pointer 82 touches the balls 72. In the pulsating position of the rod 64 stopped due to the magnet on the slide 85 and damping the springs. 81 turns around a tared plate 73 from minimum to maximum.

To handle the outer surface "f" with a length on each part 1, use a prefix (Fig. 2 and 12), which has a stand 88, a pneumatic cylinder 89, a rod 90 and a self-adjusting super finish tool 91 with a spring 92, and the attachment is placed on the back side of the machine bed . The spring 92 is limited by a groove made on the rod 90. In order to actively control the magnitudes of the linear displacements of each part 1 in the technological process of its processing with a visual reading of readings, the following system is used in the form of a device for measuring from the digital indication means and the command device.

The digital display tool has a board 93, a circular sensor 94 (FIGS. 2, 8, 13, 14, and 15) with an extension of the output roller 95 and cardan 96, a longitudinal friction tape 97 and a housing 98 with a self-adjusting holder 99 for pressing the cylindrical part of the output roller 95, which, by analogy with the axis-shaft of sensor 94, has an unfolded length of 10 mm, i.e., their complete rotation corresponds to 10 mm of linear movement of each part 12 and this value is displayed for visual reading on board 93. Longitudinal friction tape 97 by, for example The bonding material is attached to the back (bottom) side of the guide frame. In this case, the cradle 99 consists of rollers mounted on a spring-loaded base, for which the springs are placed on the threaded studs in the housing 98.

The commander has a longitudinal support 100 with T-slots 101 fixed to the frame, a scale ruler 102 for arranging a set of cams 103 according to the technological process of moving each part 12, a set of limit switches 104 mounted on a caliper and a peak 105.

The command device is designed to issue the appropriate control commands to the auto-operator, set-top box, and slide.

The bracket 106 is a support for placing a pulsator on it, this bracket 106 being rigidly fixed on the carriage 3 on the one hand, and on the other hand a bracket 107 rigidly fixed to the carriage to accommodate a removable device (not shown), on

Q

5 about 5

0

five

0

five

five

an example of electronic control for the rotational speeds of each part 1 during adjustment work.

In front of each rotating and pulsating part 1, there is a flip cover 108 with a transparent screen 109.

Each part 12 is loaded for machining on the machine and such finished part 1 is removed from the machine using an automatic manipulator that has a fixed cantilever portal 110, prismatic guides 111, a trolley 112 with a longitudinal displacement gear 113, a bar 114 with longitudinal ribs 115, and this rod 114 has a swivel cylinder and counterweight, placed respectively outside and inside the portal 110 (not shown).

The software portal is located behind the machine, and the console part of this portal 110 is located above such a machine and is close to its center axis.

The trolley 112 is hinged to a lift-and-transport holder 116 with grippers 117 through a rod 114 with pins and rollers (not shown), and these pins and rollers are housed within a lever 118 pivotally connected to a lever 119 turning from the hydraulic cylinder 120.

A loaded piece 12 is fixed in the grippers 117 with the aid of hydraulic cylinders 121, this piece 1 being taken from the object table 122 and subsequently ready piece 1 is laid on said table 122.

Honing machine works as follows.

On the machine, the carriage 3 is in the right initial position of the bed, and the clamping device of the additional support 32 on this carriage 17 is in the open position and ready to receive the workpiece in the form of a part 12 for its processing, while the clamps 117 of the auto-operator are above the subject table 122. From the object table 122, the clamps 117 take the workpiece and lift it above the machine with the help of levers 118, 119 of the lifting and transport holder 116, on which along the guides 111 the cart 112 moves the workpiece into the open jig. of the caliper 32. In the opened adaptation of the additional caliper 32, the workpiece is lowered and the grippers 117 are released from it, and then the arms 118, 119 are raised above the machine, and then the end disks 55 are brought to both ends of this workpiece by means of gears of the elements 56, 57 and the flywheel 61. In the clamping fixture of the additional caliper 32, the cover 34 is turned and the spring-loaded rollers 36 press the workpiece against the support rollers 35, then the cover 34 is fixed in the working position by means of the eccentric 52. In manual mode, trumentu tdopolnitelnyysup- inlet port 32 with the preform inside which the fill head dissolved hone 11, the bar 25 is freed from gripper 22, and then turn the spindle 6 and the actuator reciprocating translational motion of the head 11 hone. The motor of the drive unit 6 is then turned on to rotate the workpiece in the opposite direction through the spring-loaded rubberized drive wheel 44 and the pulsator is turned on to give the workpiece an acidified feed through the additional support 32 within the limits of the total value y. The main translational feed of the part by the carriage 17 from the actuator 2 is turned on.

The hone head 11 communicates rotational and reciprocating motion in a short section, the magnitude of which is related to the dimensions of the actuator 2. To enable honing of cylindrical surfaces having a long machining length, which are divided into sections by a groove D with a considerable length, the caliper of the machine with the clamping the device receives a slow longitudinal feed, which moves the first processed area from its initial end to the groove D, and then also moves the second treatment the first portion to the other end of this article.

The idle speed of the carriage 17 within the limits of magnitude gets only after the operation of the driver and actuator elements of the working body 16, for example, at the moment of removal from the head 11 of the surface of one section and supplying another section of the same surface of this workpiece to it. In this case, the rod 20 moves forward, the levers 21 are consumed, and the L-shaped grippers 22 with the jaws 23 approach each other and seize the rod 25 by means of the balls 24, which makes it possible to prevent the spontaneous deflection of the head 11 from the axis of the product 17.

The working body 16 is also used, for example, at the moment of removing the treated product 12 from the tool and securing the new product in the tool.

To increase the productivity through the drive unit, the workpiece can be rotated in the direction opposite to the rotation of the hone head 11. For this, a rubberized drive wheel gets rotated.

44, and the workpiece receives an acylated feed with a value of yy, i.e., an adjustable gap embedded in the design of the main slide, located in the guides of the carriage 17.

In this case, it is possible to work with different feeds of the workpiece in opposition to the head 11 of the hone. The feed rate of the carriage 17 along the bed, while the magnitude of the feed rate of the carriage is indicated on the scoreboard 93 by running in the output roller 95 of the sensor 94 along the friction belt 97.

The outer surface is machined by the self-installing super-finishing tool 91 by turning on the pneumatic cylinder 89.

Claims (4)

1. Hosing machine for processing cylindrical surfaces according to ed. St. No. 867620, characterized in that, in order to expand technological capabilities, it is provided with an additional caliper mounted on the main caliper with the possibility of reciprocating movement from the drive along the spindle axis, a device for rotating parts mounted on an additional caliper, and a device for measuring the magnitude linear movements of the carriage, made in the form of a friction tape attached to the frame, a circular sensor connected by a cardan gear with the output roller, and a cradle made in the form of two rollers located on a spring-loaded base, the output roller being mounted so as to be in contact with the friction tape and the cradle rollers. 2. The machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive for the reciprocating movement of the additional support is made in the form of a pneumatic cylinder with an adjustable amount of stroke. 3. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for rotating the part is made in the form of a drive rubberized spring-loaded wheel. 4. Machine on PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that the device for rotating the part is equipped with flexible end disks mounted on an additional caliper as limiters for the position of the part in the clamping device. N with I96s9si figl Vida FIG. five 29 in r g05 at../.../.. hXH hv i-444iaaai 100 FIG. 6 $ gpf BUT/ 196 € 9S, I 105 t number. M 48 Ј5 39 38 S3 43 47 44 19 fig.M S6 57 & P FIG. 11 ll 89 90 92 S6 91 95 -32 t FIG. 13 98 99 I t //// sh 32 I BBS L qi 4-4-i FIG. /four View Fig.N Fig. / 6 / I SL LL ZL 8L AND 9L m; Tl CO vD trunnion ffff Ј9 w LS gg FIG. 18 #l umm Buffjj V 78 81 fig.GZ 71 82 81 FIG. 20 86 85 ) FIG. 21 FIG. 22 view