SU1560208A1 - Method of treating toxomania patients - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to medicine and can be used in psychiatry in the treatment of substance abuse patients. The aim of the invention is to selectively correct psycho-emotional disorders and reduce the time of the procedure. The goal is achieved by introducing nootropic drugs into corporal acupuncture points with subsequent exposure to auricular acupuncture points with bipolar electric current for 3-5 minutes, while the frequency of the current of exposure and the place of influence depends on the dominant syndrome. 4 il.

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to psychiatry, and can be used in the treatment of addicts.

The aim of the invention is to selectively correct psycho-emotional disorders and reduce the time of the procedure.

The method is carried out as follows.

On the basis of a clinical examination of the patient — complaints, anamnesis, general examination and paraclinical studies — they establish the type of substance abuse, the stage of development of the disease and the presence of the syndrome of psycho-emotional disorders: phobic, depressive, or pain. At the beginning of each procedure, patients are injected with nootropic drugs, for example, piracetam in corporal acupuncture points E36 and V43 bilaterally 100 mg each In the next 5-8 procedures prescribed in 1-2 days, a pulsed electric current of 10-100 µA is applied to auricles punk acupuncture points using a guru chain and stimulation modes depending on the syndrome of psycho-emotional disorders: in patients with a phobic syndrome, the acupuncture points of the left auricle are operated with a frequency of 3-15 Hz, and the acupuncture points of the right shnoj sinks current frequency 30-200 Hz; in patients with depressive syndrome, they act on the acupuncture points of the left auricle with a frequency of 30–200 Hz; in patients with pain, acupuncture points of both auricles with a frequency of 3-15 Hz, and in patients with asthenic syndrome, an electric current of 30-200 Hz is applied to points of both auricles

In the mechanism of action of morphine on the central nervous system, its influence on the primary centers of opiate system activation in the hypothalamus and on the reticular formation desynchronizing system, the suppression of which leads to synchronization patterns of the electrocorticogram, is of particular importance.

In chronic intoxication, morphine contributes to the formation of interneuronal

about

connections and destruction of a part of the contacts that primarily disturb the vertical organization of the cerebral cortex with the activating systems of the trunk, midbrain, and diencephalon, which is accompanied by marked changes in the psyche. Clinically, the separation of syndromological manifestations of psycho-emotional disorders in toxic groups into phobic, depressive, and painful is also based on the pathogenetic features of the involvement of nonspecific brain activation systems in these syndromes, established according to the study of functional changes in the bioelectric activity of the brain.

In the pathogenesis of drug addiction and the development of psycho-emotional disorders, an important physiological role is assigned to the activating system of the reticular formation of the medulla and midbrain and to the modulating influence of the hypothalamus and limbic formations on the upward activation of the cerebral cortex. The involvement of the hypothalamic-reticular complex in the development of pathological motivations and their consolidation in memory explains the uniformity of the formation of many substance abuse, including alcoholism and drug addiction, as well as the interchangeability of certain narcotic substances and the development of polydrug abuse.

Since the reticular formation is predominantly involved in the pathological process of formation, it is most advisable to use the acupuncture points of the auricle, which are innervated by the cranial nerves, mainly the trigeminal nerve, sending individual afferents directly to the aquatic nonspecific cores for regulation. The presence of a topical representation of afferentation zones in the structures of nonspecific activating systems allows, by acting on individual acupuncture points of the auricle, to have a differentiated effect on the centers of upward activation.

Preliminary introduction of nootropic drugs into acupuncture points of general action facilitates the development of regulatory autonomic processes through increased afferentation to the corresponding topical zones of the segmental and supra-segmental levels of the nervous system. The suggested doses (400-500 mg) are sufficient to influence local trophic functions and create zones of increased excitability.

Impact on auricular acupuncture points with a bipolar impulse current of 10-100 µA, which does not reach the sensation threshold, has a Loai-Influence on nonspecific activation centers, causing reactions that develop predominantly at the subcortical level and spread to the cerebral cortex. ralateral hemisphere. These reactions are not so significant as to trigger cortical inhibition mechanisms, and therefore may play a regulatory role in normalizing the interaction of nonspecific activation systems.

The choice of auricular acupuncture points is due to the resulting effect on the system of nonspecific activation of the brain.

Example 1. Patient R., 30 years old, mining engineer. Polar drug addiction (toxicomania (304.0) - opium barbiturates. Duration of illness for about 5 years. After a car accident, he was treated in the trauma ward, where he received promedol treatment. It became addictive. During the next 4, 5 years he used drugs (poppy juice, opium, phenobarbital, sodium sodium). Concentration significantly deteriorated: it became easily excitable, irritable, upset and disturbed any trifles at home and at work, experienced breaking pains in the whole body, diarrhea, unpleasant sensations in the area, stomach as a vacuum in the stomach, occasionally there were severe pains in the solar plexus. There was a feeling of heat in the head, thrown into cold sweat, the frost crept over the skin. Relatively normalize the state could only take narcotic substances.

5 Inpatients were treated with insulin, a hypnotic with a partial, intermittent effect, severe depressive disorders and sleep disorders remained. He was in hemosorption three times, after which there was a short-term improvement in the condition. He was admitted for treatment using the RT method in a serious condition of the unfolded "withdrawal" syndrome; plentiful hyperhidrosis, headaches, pain and aches in the joints, nausea with retching, abdominal pain, heart, blood pressure 165 /

5/95, tachycardias up to 100 beats / min. The dominant was a depressed mood. The results of psychological examinations by the MMRU, Taylor, Luscher tests and the registration of the bioelectric activity of the brain confirmed the presence of a depressive syndrome. The patient underwent a course of treatment with the proposed method. At the beginning of each procedure, nootropic drug “CBN” was injected into the patient at acupuncture points E36 and V43 bilaterally with 0.4 ml of solution, then they were applied sequentially

5 5 min on auricular points (AT) 55 (shenmen) and 100 (heart point) according to the following scheme:

I procedure

II procedure

III procedure

IV procedure

V procedure

VI procedure

VIIprocedure

Already during the first procedure of electrostimulation, the severity of the patient's condition was considerably eased. Nausea, retching, vomiting disappeared, sweating, headache, joint pain decreased, blood pressure decreased to 130/60 and P to 76 beats / min. At night, the patient slept, but with breaks. Upon completion of the course of treatment consisting of 7 procedures, a persistent clinical effect was obtained in the form of stopping drug addiction and the disappearance of depressive disorders. For three years each year in spring and autumn, the patient received repeated courses of RT on the proposed method. In the patient, up to the present time, there is a stable remission with complete exclusion of taking narcotic substances and normalization of mental status.

Example 2. Patient B., 42 years old, economist, diagnosis: toxicomania, complicated by alcoholism, phobic syndrome. The disease duration is 12 years, during which it has been abused, along with alcohol, drugs belonging to the group of tranquilizers and antidepressants. The phobic manifestations in the form of an overwhelming feeling of fear in the morning before going out on the street and a possible ride in a trolleybus, especially in the metro, took the leading place in the structure of the clinical psycho-sympathetic syndrome. Fear was usually accompanied by vegetative disturbances, profuse profuse sweat, frost-like tremor, palpitations, pain in the heart area, feeling of lack of air, sometimes polyuria and dyspepsia. The results of paraclinical examinations for SMIL, Taylor, Luscher tests and the recording of brain bioelectrical activity confirmed the possibility of phobic manifestations.

FIG. 1 shows the graphs of the spectral density of the EEG of the left (J1) and right (P) hemispheres. Each graphic curve reflects the Fourier transform of the 30-second analysis epoch in the frequency range 0.5–32 Hz in real time. The background entry in FIG. 1.1 is characterized by a low level of alpha rhythm power due to disturbances in the recovery - 0 effects on the cerebral cortex in the form of increased nonspecific activation and the prevalence of biorhythm desynchronization reactions.

The patient was treated with the proposed method. At the beginning of each procedure, E36 and V43 acupuncture points were introduced bilaterally in a dose of 0.4 ml of a 20% piracetam solution, then they were acted on for 5 minutes successively on auricular acupuncture points 55 and 34 on the left with a pulsed electrical current of 5-13 Hz and a force of 10 -100 µA, simultaneously monitored changes in brain bioelectric activity. A gradual increase in the power of the alpha rhythm spectrum was observed (Fig. 1.2 and 1.3). During exposure to the aurica5, the acupuncture point 100 on the right saw the restoration of symmetry and a slight increase in the power of all frequency ranges of the alpha rhythm (Fig. 1.4). After the first procedure, the patient disappeared

Whether fears and vegetative manifestations of the cardiovascular system are active, excessive sweating has stopped. The effect achieved was kept for 3 dg. On the 4th day the patient was held; repeat procedure. To obtain sgog

5 of which effect was carried out only 8 percent, with intervals of 2-3 days. At the end of the course of treatment, the psycho-emotional disorders regressed completely, and the obsessive phobic states disappeared. Patient 0 was able to calmly get to work by land and stopped taking medicines and alcohol. The positive clinical result is supported by psychological and vegetative examination data. Observation

The 5th state of the bioelectrical activity of the brain confirmed the restoration of normal activating upward effects on the cerebral cortex (Fig. 1.5).

Example 3. Patient P, 27 years old, electrician, diagnosis: toxicomania, adynamic depression within a lot in psycho-likeopathy schizophrenia. Ill for 10 years. Systematically consumed alcohol. The exacerbations of the condition occurred twice a year, mainly during the change of the season of the year. On the part of the somato-neurological status, with the exception of the symptoms of oral automatism, other patolotons) and has been drinking alcohol since the age of 15 years. Emerging conditions of severe intoxication are accompanied by phobic manifestations (fears of persecution and violence) and asocial behavior.

Psychic dependence on household chemicals was formed 2 months after the first use. In the state

No great changes have been made. Clinical studies of drugs were observed in the following cases: the contact is formal, the mind is clear, all types of orientation are preserved. The expression is mournful, there are tears in the eyes. Extremely monotonous, monosyllabically tells that gloomy thoughts are creeping into my head, anxious in my heart. Immobile, judgments are poor, expressions express mental infantilism. Weakness, impotence, lack of gelatinous hallucinations and distortion of visual perception come to the fore (the faces seemed disfigured and “as if at dusk).

“5 In the structure of the clinical psychopathological syndrome, phobic manifestations in the form of fears of persecution and violent impact against the background of abundant vegetative symptoms were leading. Psychological testing of affirmations and motives, indifference to the environment, 20 the relevance of the above-mentioned manifestations, which leads to adina-electroencephalographic examination.

Prior to the start of the reflexotherapy course, the pathological inter-hemispheric asymmetry of the alpha-rhythm power indices showed a dominance in the status of depressive disorders and a slight increase in individual delta-and-structures. When examining bioelectric waves.

This activity of the brain has been observed; Treatment has begun to be introduced into the points of accumulation of the power spectrum of the alpha rhythm, dyspunus V43 and E36 bilaterially 20% - mostly in the right hemisphere, which appears to 0.4 ml of pyracetam solution domination and guidance. During the first procedure, alpha activity and synchronization were affected by a bipolar pulsed current under the influence of upstream activity at a threshold value (10 µA) with a frequency of 3 Hz at

michesky version of the syndrome of depression. The results of the associative experiment and the Luscher test data confirm

Pu desynchronization (Fig. 2.1). After administering a 20% piracetam solution of 0.4 ml each to E36 and V43 acupuncture points bilaterally to the patient during the first acupuncture points 55 and 34 on the left, during the second - at 10 Hz and during the third - at 15 Hz. At the same time, the acudura point was acted on the acupuncture points — 35 punctures 100 of the right auricle of the frequency 55 and 100 of the left auricle with a frequency of 200 Hz for 5 min. State of the sign

This is 150 Hz for 5 minutes in order to enhance the upstream activating effects in the right hemisphere, to weaken the alpha rhythm hypersynchrony and to facilitate desynchronization reactions. The effects were accompanied by a gradual decrease in the power of the alpha rhythm (Fig. 2.2 and 2.3), which indirectly reflects an increase in desynchronization reactions. During

40

Significantly improved already in the course of the first procedure of reflexotherapy. The fears and fussiness disappeared, the patient calmly began to talk with the doctor, the severity of the vegetative manifestations decreased. During the next four procedures, the effect was applied with a mean frequency of 10 Hz on the acupuncture points 55 and 34 of the left auricle and on the point 100 on the right

the following 7 procedures carried out with an in- 45 Ear-shell with a frequency of 200 Hz. The clinical 1-2 days, alternately stimulated the right and left auricular points of acupuncture 55 and 100 with a frequency of 150 Hz. After the first procedure, the patient felt an improvement in the condition and the disappearing picture continued to steadily stabilize in terms of reducing phobic manifestations. After the 7th procedure, a persistent clinical improvement was observed. In terms of EEG power, there was a lingering sign of depressed mood .50 asymmetry with a slight inhibition. At the end of the course of treatment, an alpha rhythm was obtained in the left hemisphere, which

The cue clinical effect in the form of regression corresponds to the regulatory data,

depressive disorders and suppression of al-Dynamics of spectral characteristics

co-dependence of the right hemisphere (Fig. 3, recording right Example 4. Patient P., 17 years old, student) under the influence of PTU on auricus, diagnosis: toxicomania (inhalation of acupuncture points 55 and 34 on the left

solvent vapors - acetone) in a psychochopathic personality during puberty. He inhales solvent vapors (at 3 Hz and 15 Hz, reflects the process of restoring the power of the alpha rhythm and interhemispheric symmetry, which corresponds to that) and consumes alcohol from the age of 15 years. Emerging states of severe intoxication are accompanied by phobic manifestations (fears of persecution and violence) and asocial behavior.

Psychic dependence on household chemicals was formed 2 months after the first use. In the state

narcotic drugs have been observed

narcotic drugs have been observed

bad hallucinations and distortions of the visual perception (the faces seemed disfigured and "as if at dusk).

In the structure of the clinical psychopathological syndrome, the phobic-auriculatory points of acupuncture 55 and 34 were on the left, during the second - with a frequency of 10 Hz and during the third - with a frequency of 15 Hz. At the same time, they acted on the aku point of puncture 100 of the right auricle with a frequency of 200 Hz for 5 minutes. State of knowledge

Significantly improved already in the course of the first procedure of reflexotherapy. The fears and fussiness disappeared, the patient calmly began to talk with the doctor, the severity of the vegetative manifestations decreased. During the next four procedures, the effect was applied with a mean frequency of 10 Hz on the acupuncture points 55 and 34 of the left auricle and on the point 100 on the right

Ear shells with a frequency of 200 Hz. The clinical picture continued to steadily stabilize in terms of reducing phobic manifestations. After the 7th procedure, a persistent clinical improvement was observed. According to the EEG power indices, acupuncture points 55 and 34 were observed on the left.

3 and 15 Hz frequency reflects the process of restoring the power of the alpha rhythm and interhemispheric symmetry, which corresponds to an improvement in the clinical condition. Thus, it is shown that the therapeutic effect is caused not only by the use of the average frequency (median) of 10 Hz, but also by the extreme values of 3 and 15 Hz.

Example 5. Patient V., 27 years old, carpenter, diagnosis: polynarkomani, complicated by alcoholism, in the psychopathic personality of the excitable circle.

The disease duration was 12 years, during which the following drugs were abused: raw opium, omnopon, morphine, promedol, drug, anasha, phenamine, pervitin, ephedra, tranquilizers, hypnotics, alcohol.

Since the beginning of the anesthesia from the age of 15, there was no intoxication, no protective signs were noted. Compulsive attraction since 19 years, withdrawal syndrome from 19 years. Change in psycho-reactivity and personality from 21 years.

At the time of the examination, depressive manifestations, along with dysphoric ones, were major in the structure of the clinical psychopathological syndrome. All these symptoms were accompanied by severe disorders of the autonomic nervous system. The results of special vegetative and psychological studies have confirmed the relevance of depressive manifestations. In somatoneurological status, attention is drawn to the abundance of autonomic disorders, the presence of scars from self-cuts and traces of injections along the veins of the forearm, inguinal areas and lower legs.

An electroencephalographic examination showed hemispheric asymmetry with an increase in the power spectrum of the alpha rhythm in the left hemisphere (Fig. 4, background).

The treatment began with the introduction into the acupuncture points at the acupuncture points of the so-called total action of V43 and E36 with a 20 ml aqueous solution of pyracetam in 0.4 ml each. Then they acted on the acupuncture points 55 and 100 of the auricle with an electric pulse current of 30 Hz for 10 minutes. This effect was aimed at enhancing upward activating effects, easing the effects of hypersynchronization of the alpha rhythm and facilitating the desynchronization reaction. During the next 7 procedures, performed at intervals of 1–2 days, the auricular points 55 and 100 with a frequency of 100 and 200 Hz were alternately stimulated with a pulse current of subthreshold strength of 5–7 minutes in duration.

The first procedure of electroacupuncture significantly changed the mental status of the patient: the depressed state, the sad expression of the face disappeared, the vivid brightness of the eyes was adequate and the facial expression was adequate.

Monitoring changes in the spectral characteristics of the EEG when exposed to different frequencies confirmed the therapeutic effectiveness of extreme frequencies of 30 and 200 Hz. The disappearance of interhemispheric asymmetry and a decrease in the power of the alpha rhythm in the left hemisphere under the influence of stimulation with a frequency of 30, 100, 200 Hz is reflected in FIG. 4 (30, 100, 200). Changes in the EEG power spectrum indicated normalization of upward and downward activating effects. As a result of 7 procedures constituting a course of reflexotherapy, a steady regression of depressive manifestations was achieved, the general condition stabilized, and the craving for the drug was investigated.

Using the proposed method, I6 was treated in patients with toxic addicts accompanied by psycho-emotional disorders.

As a result of the pathogenetic approach

0 in the treatment of psycho-emotional disorders in case of substance abuse, the terms of exposure are significantly reduced, including the duration of each procedure 10-15 minutes and the total number of procedures 5-8 during

5 courses of reflexology.

Thus, the clinical efficacy of this method is due to the possibility of selective correction of psycho-emotional disorders that dominate in the clinical picture of substance abuse.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A method for treating patients with substance abuse, including effects on corporal 5 and auricular acupuncture points, characterized in that, in order to selectively correct psycho-emotional disorders and reduce the time of the procedure, at the beginning of each procedure, nootropic drugs are administered at a dosage of 400-500 mg, and then the effects on auriculi are performed acupuncture points through needles with a pulsed bipolar electric current of 10-100 μA for 3-5 minutes, while in patients 5 with the phobic syndrome, exposure is carried out with an electric current of a frequency of 3-15 Hz at the points of the left auricle and 30-200 Hz at the points of the right auricle; in patients with depressive syndrome, the exposure is performed with a frequency 0 30–200 Hz at the points of the left auricle, in patients with pain, the effect is carried out by an electric current of 3–15 Hz at the points of both auricles, and in patients with asthenic syndrome, the effect is carried out by an electric current of 30–200 Hz points of both ears. 0 Jl O 4 8 12 b Z0242S32 040/2/6 20 2Ь 2132 Figure 1 year О 4 8 К 16 20 24 28 32 0 4 8 П 16 21 21ZS3Z Phage. g ten 0 li 8 12 tb 20 O 4 S 12 16 20 / it 32 Fig.Z