SU1558753A1 - Device for identifying railway cars - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technique of controlling the operation of vehicles and relates to the automatic reading of the number of railway wagons of industrial vehicles, in particular dump cars, when the train moves through the checkpoint. It can be used as part of automated accounting systems and operational management of industrial rail transport. The purpose of the invention is to increase credibility. At the test point, the excitation signal generator 1 emits a signal through the amplifier 2 and the stationary transmitting antenna. At the control point there is a car number receiver consisting of receiving antenna 4, which through amplifier 5 is connected to the input of demodulator 6 consisting of two identical channels. Each channel contains synchronous detectors 7 and 8, through filters 9 and 10 low frequencies connected to rectifiers 11 and 12, the outputs of which are connected to the input of block 13 of the summation of signals operating according to the OR logic. DURING THE READING OF INFORMATION, THE WAGON CODE IS READY READING AND COMPARING IT. WHEN CODES ARE COMBINED, COUNTED INFORMATION WILL BE RECORDED IN THE REGISTER. 10 IL.

Description

The invention relates to the technique of controlling the operation of vehicles, relates to the automatic reading of the number of railway wagons of industrial vehicles, in particular dumpcars, when the train moves through the checkpoint and can be used as part of automated accounting systems and operational control of industrial rail transport.

The purpose of the invention is to increase credibility. I

FIG. 1 is a functional diagram of a part of the device located at the control point; in FIG. 2 is a functional diagram of the part located on the car to be recognized; in fig. 3 is a functional block diagram of the coding of the transmitted information signals; Fig. 4 is a functional block diagram of the decoding of the received information signals; Fig. 5 is a timing diagram of the signals of the coding block; Fig. 6 are timing diagrams explaining the operation of the number transmitter modulator; 7–10 shows time diagrams of the demodulator operation.

The control point is equipped with an excitation signal generator 1, which is connected via a power amplifier 2 to a fixed transmission antenna 3,

In addition, a wagon number receiver is located at the control point. The receiver includes a receiver antenna 4, also located in the inter-junction space. Receiving antenna 4 through amplifier 5 is connected to the input of demodulator 6. Demodulator 6 consists of two identical channels consisting of series-connected synchronous detectors 7 and 8, Filters 9 and 10 of low frequencies of rectifiers 11 and 12, the outputs of which are connected to the input block 13 summation of signals operating according to the OR logic. Synchronization inputs of synchronous detectors 7 and 8 are connected

respectively to quadrature (P1

 0 and H -) generator 14 outputs

sync signals. The frequency of this generator is assumed to be equal to the frequency of the transmitter carrier frequency.

five

0

five

Q

0

five

0

five

0

five

car numbers are accurate to the stability of the quartz resonator.

The output of the demodulator 6 through the shaper 15 bit packages connected to the input unit 16 decoding. The code at the exit of this block 16 is the number of the car in the control point zone.

The output of the demodulator 6 is connected via the low-pass filter 17 to the input of the automatic amplifier control 5. The purpose of the low-pass filter 17 is to integrate the input signal to form the level of the automatic gain control.

On each car to be recognized, a receiving antenna of the frame type 18 is installed, connected to the power supply unit 19.

The number transmitter contains a series-connected carrier frequency generator 20, a modulator 21, a carrier frequency amplifier 22, a carrier frequency filter 23 and a transmission antenna 24. To the control input of the modulator | 21 is connected to the output of the block 25 encoding the transmitted number. The clock input of coding unit 25 is connected to the output of carrier frequency generator 20.

The car number coding unit 25 contains serially connected (Fig.Z) carrier frequency divider 26, elementary parcel counter 27, decoder 28. The zero output of the decoder 28 is connected to the counter 29 bits, and the first and second outputs of this decoder are connected to two disjunctive logical inputs element 2I-2ILI 30. The other two inputs of this circuit are connected with the paraphase (direct and inverse) outputs of the multiplexer 31. The output of the logic element 2I-2ILI 30 is connected to the reset input of the counter 27 elementary parcels.

The counter 29 bits, together with the multiplexer 31, form the switch 32 of the transmitted message (parallel code to serial converter).

The car number decoding unit 16 comprises a serially connected value determining element 33, a discharge register 34, I a reread element 35 and an output register 36. The output bits of the register 36 are connected to

the input of the decoder 37 service bits, and information bits - with the inputs of the multi-bit valve 38. The control input of this valve is connected to the output of the decoder 37 service bits. The output of the valve 38 is the output of the decoding unit 16.

The device works as follows.

At the control point, the generator 1 (Figure 1) operates continuously. The generation frequency is selected from 12-40 kHz. The waveform is sinusoidal, without modulation. This signal, amplified by amplifier 2, is emitted by a stationary transmitting antenna. 3, which lies in the form of a cable loop between the rails. The length of the loop, which determines the zone of the control point, is determined by the maximum speed of movement of the composition, the duration of one message cycle and the required number of readings. The purpose of this circuit is the creation of an electromagnetic field in the control zone, which serves as an energy source for the operation of a vehicle transmitter when passing through the control point.

When the car is moving, outside the control point area, the functional units of the number transmitter are de-energized and do not work. At the entrance of the car to the zone in the receiving antenna 18 (Fig. 2), a voltage is induced, which is rectified and filtered by the unit 19 and serves as a power source for all functional units of the transmitter.

At this time, the generator 20 begins to generate. The generator 20 is stabilized by a quartz resonator. Values Frequency tuning is selected within

.

15587536

Constructed according to the scheme of controlled high-frequency key. The signal from the output of the modulator is amplified by amplifier 22, the main harmonic of this signal is extracted by filter 23 and radiated by transmitting antenna 24.

Mobile unit together with receiving and transmitting antennas 18 and 24

Q is constructed in the form of a single structure located under the bottom of the car. Antenna planes are parallel to the earth's surface.

Receiving antenna 18 is tuned to

5, the resonance to the excitation frequency, the transmitting antenna 24 to the carrier frequency.

Formation of the information sequence of modulating signals

0 is performed by block 25 (FIG. 3). Carrier frequency pulses are received at the clock input of the block. The divider 26 performs the division of the carrier frequency by the coefficient n. The size of the

5 specifies the duration of the chip. One elemental dressing contains n periods of carrier frequency. The nature of the signal at the output of the divider 26 is shown in graph I26

0 Fit.5.

Block 25 in the car number transmitter translates the input parallel number code into a serial code at which

active or passive duration

The parcels depend on the information value of the bit, and giving this code service characteristics, for example, the sign of the beginning of the cycle. The duration of a parcel when transmitting a logical O is taken to be tfl, and when transmitting a logical one is -2t0 (graph P in Figure 5). The sign of the beginning of the cycle is realized by adding to the transmitted code

1.5–2 MHz, the waveform is the right angle — 45 numbers of the additional number of bits.

The carrier frequency signal is fed to the signal input of the modulator 21, which modulates (manipulates) the high-frequency signal with a modulating signal, which is a sequential cyclic code of the transmitted message, formed by block 25. At the output of the modulator 21, a discontinuous after-55 The numbers are the maximum fastness of rectangular pulses. Interruption (manipulation) is conducted in accordance with the current value of the signal. The modulator 21 can be set. The code is hard-coded beforehand, for example, by decoupling the inputs of the multiplexer 31 (FIG. 3). The number and value of service bits is taken so as to exclude the possibility of coinciding with the combination of information bits for any code values. If the car number code is specified in the binary-decimal system, in each

The number of logical units that follow each other continuously is 3. Therefore, if the decimal bits are separated from each other by service

bits with a value of logical zero, then for a sign of the beginning of the cycle, it suffices to transfer four logical units of a further order.

The continuous code is cyclically transmitted from the car all the time while it is in the area of the control point. Coding occurs in accordance with the Functional diagram of FIG. 3. Counter 27 counts the number of chips in each bit of the transmitted code. The state of the counter 27 is decoded by the decoder 28, the capacity of the counter 27 is two binary bits. The reset of the counter 27 to its original state is performed by a signal from the output of the logic element 30 when a signal occurs at the first output of the decoder 28 (when transmitting a logical zero) or at the second output (when transmitting a logical one). The signal at the zero output of the decoder 28 occurs at the end of each bit and is used as an input signal for the counter 29 of the switch 32.

The switch 32 converts the parallel input code into a serial one and controls the operation of the logic element 30, thereby forming a latitudinal manipulation of the signal. The capacity of the counter 29 is taken to be equal to the size of the transmitted format along with the service bits. The outputs of the counter 29 commute multiplexer 31. Some of the inputs of this multiplexer form service bits, and the other part is connected to the car number sensor. A switch, a code chip or another element can serve as a sensor. In the case when the car number cannot be changed during operation., The information inputs of the multiplexer can be rigidly decomposed according to this number without using a special car number sensor.

When the counter 29 operates, a logical zero or one signal appears at the output of the multiplexer, depending on the set value of the current code bit. When the value of the discharge is equal to a logical zero, the signal arises at the inverse output of the multiplexer, and at the value of the discharge equal to the logical one, on the forward one. The duration of the modulating signal is formed accordingly.

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

la, equal to one or two elementary premises.

When the car leaves the control leg of the point, when the excitation signal is no longer perceived by the receiving antenna 18, the functional units of the mobile device are de-energized and the transfer of the number will automatically stop. This ensures the localization of the area of operation and eliminates the possibility of receiving false information (from another car).

When hitting the control zone of the next car, the process is similar. Wagons differ only in the value of the information code.

The high-frequency modulated carrier signal emitted by the mobile device is sensed by the receiving antenna 4. It can be of the frame or magnetic type and is oriented in the direction of the transmitting antenna and tuned in resonance to the carrier frequency of the signal.

The signal induced in the stationary receiving antenna 4 is amplified by amplifier 5. In order to eliminate the influence of the amplitude of the input signal (depending on the radiation power and the distance between the antennas) on the duration of the parcels, the input amplifier 5 is equipped with an automatic gain control circuit operating from the output signal of the filter 17 integrating the output of the demodulator 6.

Demodulator 6 performs synchronous detection of the input signal. To do this, it contains an internal clock generator 14. To eliminate the effect of the possible phase shift of the input signal and the clock signals of the genetics 14, demodulation is performed by two channels synchronized by the clock signals with a phase shift of ff j2. For this, the clock generator contains quadrature outputs. Traffic sig. BOT UN on these outputs is shown in Fig.6.i

The operation of the demultiplier is illustrated in the time diagrams of FIG. 7 - 10, where the designation is the input signal at the output of the amplifier 5; 17 - the signal at the output of the synchronous detector, I9 - the signal at the output of the synchronous detector 8 ;. Uj - the signal at the output of the filter 9, and, 0 - the signal at the output of the filter 10; and (h - output signal

element 13; U, f - the signal at the output of the Shaper 15.

FIG. 7 shows a diagram for the case when the input signal U coincides in phase with the signal U /, the internal clock generator 14. Figures 8-10 show charts for the case where the Phase difference is / 2, iT and 3 / 2T, respectively. Similarly, demodulation will occur at a different phase shift. The diagrams are for frequency equality. The number of carrier pulses in a single parcel on the charts is reduced. In fact, it is at least 100.

Synchronous detectors 7 and 8 produce a synchronous detection of the input signal of the carrier frequency in accordance with the clock signal of the generator 14. The outputs of these synchronous detectors pass that part of the period of the input sinusoidal signal, which coincides in time with the synchronizing signal of this detector. Filters 9 and 10 perform the usual integration of the detected signals to remove the carrier. Rectifiers 11 and 12 rectify the detected signal in each channel. Element 13 performs a logical summation of the signals of both channels according to the OR logic, which is equivalent to the physical mixing of these signals.

Depending on the phase difference of the carrier signal emitted by the transmitter of the car, and the clock signal

ten

15

20

and the receiver, as well as the oscillations of the initial phases of the carrier signals of the transmitters of different cars, cannot exceed the given limits of 0.7-1.0 amplitude values.

Since the stability of quartz oscillators is high and the variation of the parameters of quartz resonators is small, the deviation of the carrier frequency of the input signal and the clock frequency does not usually exceed 10 -10 in relative units, which is 2-20 Hz in absolute values at a carrier frequency of 2 MHz . This value is much less than the transmission rate of one cycle, so the effect of the frequency mismatch of the input and synchronizing signals on the reception of the number of one carriage is almost unaffected.

The former 15 generates discrete signals. It can be constructed according to the well-known 25 Schmitt trigger scheme. After forming, the bit parcels become completely identical to the signal in the car number transmitter. The length of the bit orders determines the value of the current bit of the sequential number code.

Serial code decoding, i.e. allocation of the parallel car number code is performed by block 6.

The decoding unit (Fig. 4) contains an element 33, which captures one of two possible durations of the input signal. If current value30

35

oscillator 14 amplitude demodulated-

Its signal at the output of element 13 can vary within 1 -0, 7 of the amplitude value. In this case, the smallest value (0.7 2/2) corresponds to a phase difference equal to

If the frequency of the internal oscillator 14 is somewhat different from the frequency of the output signal, then in addition to the processes shown in the diagrams, the amplitude of the signal U6 will oscillate at the output of the demodulator with a low frequency equal to the frequency difference (beat).

Physically, the beats are equivalent to changing the phase difference between the input and the synchronizing signals. The total change in the amplitude of the demodulated signal in the receiver, caused by the frequency difference between the emitter

at the input equal to the logical unit, at the output of the element 33 A signal is formed A recording used to write the logical unit to the youngest

g5 bit of shift register 34. If the value of the bit is equal to a logical zero, the Record signal is not formed and the logical unit in the shift register 34 is not written.

50 The shift of the information recorded in the shift register 34 is carried out at the end of each bit, i.e. front edge of the bit package. At the end of each digit taken

“From the code, information is shifted in the shift register 34 by one bit to the right. Information is recorded and shifted continuously while the carriage is in the receiving area.

five

0

and the receiver, as well as the oscillations of the initial phases of the carrier signals of the transmitters of different cars, cannot exceed the given limits of 0.7-1.0 amplitude values.

Since the stability of the quartz oscillators is high and the scatter of the parameters of the quartz resonators is small, the deviation of the input frequency and sync signal frequency usually does not exceed 10-10 in relative units, which is 2-20 Hz in absolute values at 2 MHz carrier frequency . This value is much less than the transmission rate of one cycle, so the effect of the frequency mismatch of the input and synchronizing signals on the reception of the number of one carriage is almost unaffected.

The former 15 generates discrete signals. It can be constructed according to the well-known 5th Schmitt trigger scheme. After forming, the bit parcels become completely identical to the signal in the car number transmitter. The length of the bit orders determines the value of the current bit of the sequential number code.

Serial code decoding, i.e. allocation of the parallel car number code is performed by block 6.

The decoding unit (Fig. 4) contains an element 33, which captures one of two possible durations of the input signal. If current0

five

at the input equal to the logical unit, at the output of the element 33 A signal is formed A recording used to write the logical unit to the youngest

shift register bit 34. If the bit value is equal to a logical zero, the Record signal is not formed and the logical unit in the shift register 34 is not written.

The shift of the information recorded in the shift register 34 is performed at the end of each bit, i.e. front edge of the bit package. At the end of each digit taken

In the code, information is shifted in the shift register 34 by one bit to the right. Information is recorded and shifted continuously while the carriage is in range of the receiving antenna. The information in the register is updated cyclically. The sign of the moment of reading information from the register is the occurrence of the specified values of the service bits of the code.

The number of update cycles in the register is determined by the duration of one cycle and the speed of movement of the rolling stock. Practically, at real speeds and modulation frequency of the carrier signal in the transmitter, at the control point, information is repeatedly read with a multiplicity of not less than 10. Element 35 translates the code to the output register 36 only in the case if one and two the same information. For this, element 35 contains a register, a storage code of the past cycle, and a comparison circuit for the codes of this register and shift register 34. If it is necessary to increase the authenticity of car identification, it is not difficult to increase the multiplicity of code in several reception cycles.

Thus, after checking the received code for reliability, it is written in parallel to the output register 36. The service bits of this register are decoded by the decoder of service bits 37. In that case, if the code recorded in register 36 contains the values in the service bits given in the corresponding bits on the transmitter numbers (and they are the same on all cars), a signal appears at the output of the decoder 37, which opens the multi-bit gate 38, and the information part of the bits goes through the gate to receiver output. This part of the code is the desired car number. It can be used for visual indication of the car number and for transfer to the computer of an automated system.

accounting and operations management.

transport

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

Claims (1)

 Invention Formula A device for identifying railway cars containing a generator of excitation signals located at a control point, through one of the amplifiers connected to a stationary transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna connected to one input of another amplifier, synchronous detectors, low-pass filters connected to rectifier inputs, outputs connected with the inputs of the summation unit, the decoding unit and the sync signal generator and the receiving antenna located on the vehicle A power supply, a carrier frequency generator connected to the input of the coding unit, and a carrier frequency amplifier, through a carrier frequency filter connected to the transmitting antenna, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability, it is equipped with a driver of discharge parcels installed at the control point with the input of the decoding unit, synchronous detectors, some of the inputs of which are connected to the output of the second amplifier, others to the outputs of the clock signal generator, and the outputs to the inputs of some lower filters are often the output of the signal summing unit through another low-pass filter is connected to another input of the second amplifier and connected to the input of the bit generator, and a modulator mounted on the vehicle, one input connected to the output of the carrier frequency generator, and the other input to the output of the coding block , and the output - with the input of the carrier amplifier frequency. B yy .. tt THZShDHi -4 -J IA V Z 29 yy .. ctez 27 za four - 52 five/ FIG. ZZ Record Sd8ie I 35 % I Uj jrLnJT Jr TIJ TlJ I T rLrur % % HJTlJTrLriJTnjrTnnnji pp JTT p p p p p p p DALLALLAA //. five % L% k % 37 five fma thirty Mot O Phage.5 OJlXLCUinJl. % . LL te.7: Wi SHAAAAAAAAA LA FIG. 9 % -. Compiled by Yu. Baryshev. Editor L.GratilloTechred A.Kravchuk Proofreader A.Obruchar Order 809 Circulation 397 VNIIPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. 4/5 Production and Publishing Combine Patent, Uzhgorod, st. Gagarin, 101 Subscription