SU1557254A1 - Method of reconstructing open horizontal drainage - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to land reclamation and can be used in the reconstruction of an open collector-drainage network on irrigated land in a closed network laid below the groundwater level. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the cost of construction work and increase the reliability of the closed collector-drainage network. On the agricultural land that was turned off, the drained massif cleaned and deepened the main collectors 1. Then rebuild the open channels (drains) 2. Bulldozers level the old soil travers 3 next to them, plan the near-slope strip 4 and deepen the drains 2 to the design grades. In the process of deepening the open drain 2, the excavator moves from the collector 1 to its source. A pipe (closed collector) is laid on the bottom of the deep open channel from its source. 5. The pipes are laid on the ground with sockets to the collector 1. To seal the annular gap between the socket 6 and the smooth end of the pipes 7, a seal is inserted into the socket 6. In the places of connection to the pipeline, additional closed horizontal drains 9 install supporting reinforced concrete blocks of manholes 10 and wellhead ends of sinks-absorbers 11. Then gravel-sand filter is filled with a total height of 0.3-0.5 m. The lower block of the manhole 10 overlaps the perforated steel cover 13 and pour it a layer of 10-15 cm gravel size 5-20 mm. In addition, with the installation of manholes 10, the mouth sections 15 of additional closed horizontal drains 9 are laid above the sinks-absorbers 11 before the laying of them. 2 hp ff, 4 ill.

Description

The blocks of the manholes 10 and the wellhead ends of the drain absorbers 11. Then the gravel-sand filter is filled with a total height of 0.3-0.5 m. The lower block of the manhole 10 is covered with a perforated steel lid 13 and covered with a layer

10-15 cm gravel size 5-20 mm. In addition, with the installation of manholes 10, the mouth sections 15 of additional closed horizontal drains 9 are laid above the sinks-absorbers 11 before the laying of them. 2 hp f-ly, 4 ill.

The invention relates to land reclamation and can be used in the reconstruction of an open collector-drainage network on irrigated lands into a closed network laid below the groundwater level.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the cost of construction and increase the reliability of the closed collector-drainage network.

Fig. 1 shows the sequence of work for the reconstruction of open drainage, with the addition of additional closed horizontal drains to the inspection wells, initially performed as absorbing; FIG. 2 - the same, when connecting additional closed horizontal drains to the observation wells with their mouth sections previously made; in fig. 3 shows a cross section of a closed collector through a manhole, initially made as noraornajoqeroj in FIG. 4, a plan of a section of a closed collector at the point where additional closed horizontal drains are connected to it in the case of the manhole first as an absorbent and also in the case of wells with wellhead areas drains.

A method for reconstructing open horizontal drainage is carried out as follows.

Primarily, the open collectors 1 are cleaned and deepened on the drained mass, turned off from agricultural use. Then, the open drains 2 are rebuilt. At the same time, the old soil rollers 3, which were formed after cleaning of the open drains 2, are level by bulldozers are planning

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Prydrenovye strips 4 and deepen the drains 2 with a single-bucket excavator (dragline) to the design elevations. In the process of deepening the open drain 2, the excavator moves from the collector 1 to its source. This ensures free flow of water. Then along the bottom of the recessed open channel (drains) 2, starting from its source, a pipeline (closed collector) 5 made of long reinforced concrete pipes is laid using a crane.

The pipes are laid directly on the ground with the sockets to the collector 1. To seal the annular gap between the sockets 6 and the smooth end of the pipes 7, the socket 6 of the pipe 6, for example, is laid on the bitumen mastic on the lower half of the perimeter of the socket 6 to the socket of each pipe. , from tarred hemp rope or porous rubber rope. When building the pipeline 5 on the seal 8 stack smooth end of the pipe 7.

A seal 8 is inserted into the upper half of the socket part after fitting the pipe 7. This operation is performed from a lightweight portable bridge, which is installed in the channel with the supporting pipes 6 and 7 supported by means of a crane.

In the places of connection to the pipeline (closed collector) 5 additional closed drains 9, lower (supporting) reinforced concrete blocks of manholes 10 are installed, made in the form of glasses with openings for inserting the ends of reinforced concrete: 7 pipes, from which they are mounted pipeline 5, and the mouth ends of the drain-absorbers 11. The drain-absorbers 11 at the observation wells 10 are arranged in order to facilitate the connection to the wells of existing additional closed horizontal drains

9 by providing gravity (without mechanical drainage) drainage of the pits to be torn off to connect existing additional closed horizontal drains, as well as to reduce the amount of earthworks by reducing the size of the pits in soils drained by drain drains.

The placement of the sinks-absorbers 11 depends on how the laying of the additional closed horizontal drains 9 at the observation wells 10 and on how the latter are completed. At the end of the laying of additional closed horizontal drains 9 above the collector 5, the inspection shafts are initially carried out in the form of absorbing, and the absorber drains are

lay 3-4 m long in both directions from wells 10 within the width of open drain 2 below the top of absorbing wells 0.3-0.5 m and below additional closed horizontal drains 9. Absorption drains 11 are made of perforated asbestos cement pipes with a diameter of 100-150 mm.

A gravel-sand volume filter 12 with a total height of 0.3-0.5 m is poured over them.

The lower block of the manhole 10 is covered with a steel lid 13 punched (with holes in the form of mm slits) and covered with 10–15 cm gravel 14 with a size of 5-20 mm on it.

The absorbing wells 10 thus constructed and the absorbing drains 11 are covered with soil over the entire depth of the open drain 2. To avoid subsidence of the soil under pressure from the puller around the wells, it is compacted by rolling with a bulldozer.

At the end of the laying of additional closed horizontal drains

9 before the wells 10, mounted to the surface of the earth, the drain-absorber 11 is laid on one side of the wells 10 up the slope. From viewing wells 10, trenches 0.3-0.5 deeper in depth with additional horizontal horizontal drains 9 are laid out with a single-bucket excavator and sink-absorbers 11 are laid with a length of 810m, taken from the condition of providing free flow of water from the mouth sections additional

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closed horizontal drains in sinks absorbers. Over the latter, the mouth sections of 15 additional closed horizontal drains 9 are laid in covers 3-4 m long from asbestos-cement pipes. After this, the collector is filled up with soil and compacted at wells. Upon completion of filling the pipeline 6 and viewing (absorbing) wells 10 installed along its length with absorber drains 11 in the previous open drain 2 that is being rebuilt, the next collector 5 is moved upwards along the slope of the main open collector 1 .

In the process of rebuilding the regular open drain 2 before backfilling the trench at the observation wells 10, they begin to lay additional horizontal drains 9 down the slope in the direction of the previous collector 5, which ends above the drain sinks 11.

Additional closed drains 9 are laid by a narrow-pitched pitcher, for example, ETC-406 AU or DU-3502. Drainage pipelines 9 are made of corrugated plastic pipes with a filter that creates the lowest filtration resistance of the drain and ensures the flow of water into the drainage pipe 9 over the entire surface of contact with water-interfering soil. Laying of drains 9 is carried out in water-saturated soils (below the groundwater level). Its source end is plugged with a plug, laid in

The trench (slit) of the drainage pipe 9 is immediately filled up with soil, which is saturated with water. From the soil, water gradually penetrates through the filter sheath into the drainage pipe 9 and fills it in the area from the source of the drain. As the draining machine moves down the slope in the cavity of the drainage pipe 9, a stream of water flows following the drainage structure.

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chikom. At the site of laying the drainage pipeline 9 to the bottom of the trench (slot) and filling it with soil, as well as in the zone of incomplete soil saturation with water, water flows out of the drainage pipeline 9 into the trench and into the backfill soil. Due to this, there is no intensive mud filtering at this site.

A poorly permeable layer of clay particles is formed by pulpation and on its surface, which drastically reduces the flow of water into the drainage pipeline 9. Such a layer (film) on the filter usually forms when laying drains from the mouth (collector) to the source.

As JQ is removed from the drain source, the area of water inflow into the drain pipe 9 gradually lengthens and the water pressure in it at the borehole grows.

As a result, jj increases in the outflow of water from the drainage pipeline 9 into the trench, the water level in it rises and hydrostatic back pressure is created on the walls of the trenches. This backpressure prevents JQ from rotating the soil outflow and collapsing the trench walls from the bottom to the backfill site with excavated material behind the pipelayer (bunker), ensures the development of the soil 25 to the bottom and the uniform movement of the plow.

When approaching to the observation well 10 on the previous collector 5, the drainage pipe 9 is cut off at the 0th drum of the incanion shaft so that its end blocks the absorbing well (drain-absorber) 11 or placed in the trench in front of the wellhead section 15, if the observation well 10 is mounted to the surface land.

The end of the drainage pipe 9 in order to avoid concentrated outflow of water from it is closed by an unpressurized plug, for example, from a vial. At the end of the laying of the drainage pipe 9, the pipelayer (bunker) of the plow maker is excavated and moved to the next position. The installed drain 9 works and water from it through the filter flows out at the final (pre-outlet) section of the drainage pipeline 9 with a length of 4-6 m and flows through the sand filter 12 into the drain-absorber 11, and from it into the glass of the manhole 10.

Subsequently, additional closed horizontal drains 9 are opened above the absorbing wells 10 and the absorber drains 11 using a single bucket excavator and connected to the wells 10. If the observation wells 10 are mounted to the ground, the pits 16 are to be connected

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Additional closed horizontal drains 9 are pulled up with them up the slope above the sinks-absorbers 11 and connect additional closed horizontal drains 9 to their wellhead sections 15.

At the final stage of the work, the manholes 10 are rebuilt (they are mounted on the heads with lids) and the backfilling surface above the collector 5 is planned. In the future, work in the same sequence is carried out not higher than the open drains located along the slope.

In the case where closed horizontal drains are connected directly to an open collector, open drains are deepened and used as pioneers for pre-drainage. Parallel to them and in the direction from the headwaters to the mouths, closed horizontal drains are laid. Connecting them to an open collector is carried out in the usual way, for example, by making a slot with an excavator or a hydraulic drill. After this, the open drains fall asleep.

Claims (3)

1. A method of reconstructing open horizontal drainage, which includes rebuilding open drains into closed drains or collectors by deepening their pipelines in them with simultaneous installation of manholes in the places where additional closed horizontal drains are connected and then filled with soil, laying additional closed horizontal drains and connecting them to closed collectors in manholes, characterized in that, in order to reduce construction costs and increase reliability a closed collector-drainage network, pipelines are laid along the bottom of deep open drains in the direction from the sources to the mouths, from the manholes lay absorbing drains at a depth exceeding the laying depth of additional closed horizontal drains, after which the collector and drains are filled up sinks with soil with its consolidation at wells, at the same time before filling the collector and sinks at wells from the latter begin laying additional closed horizontal drains down the slope towards the laid collector, which is completed above the drain sinks of the well of the previously laid collector, opening the wellhead section of the additional closed drain by fragments of the pit and connecting it to the well with subsequent backfilling of the pit. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the inspection rooms n & 5Yu Fig 2 The boats are initially made in the form of absorbing ones, and they are completed after laying and connecting to them additional closed horizontal drains. 3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that when arranging viewing wells, the wellhead sections of additional closed horizontal drains are laid above the sink drains before the laying of these drains. // 13 & . - | | h-tszhtt tgtu | 11 w f SCHGSCHSCHSCH FIG A