SU1555438A1 - Hydraulic drive of hoisting device of excavator walking mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the control of the excavator walking mechanisms and makes it possible to increase the durability of the hydraulic drive of the walking device lifting mechanism. The hydraulic actuator includes a lifting hydraulic cylinder 1 and a block 2 of its hydraulic apparatus. Unit 2 contains a hydraulic distributor (ГР) 5, a device for protection against the fall of support shoes, a safety relief valve, a controlled throttle check valve 6, a pressure and drain lines. The protection apparatus is made in the form of a controlled throttle check valve 7. Valve 10 body 7 has a pusher 25, and double spool valve 12 has diametrical channels 16 and 17, respectively, in the first skirt and neck. Channel 16 communicates with the first tap in housing 10, and channel 17 communicates with the second tap. The channels 16 and 17 communicate with each other through axial drilling with a throttle 19. The pusher 25 is installed in the front part of the body 10 and has a control chamber (CG) in communication with the pressure line. When lifting the support shoes, the working fluid (GF) from the GG 5 is supplied to the interstitial cavity of the spool 12 and at the same time to the KU pusher 25. The pusher 25 lifts the spool 12, and the GF is supplied to the rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 1. From the piston cavity, the GF freely flows through valve 6 and GR 5 in the tank. When lowering the shoes of the RJ from the GH 5, the cylinder cavity 1 is supplied. To eliminate the sharp fall of the shoes, throttling the RJ at the outlet of the rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is provided by the throttle 19. 4 Il.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to hydraulic drives for elevators of an excavator walking mechanism.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the durability of the hydraulic drive.

Figure 1 shows a general view of an excavator (a pitch mechanism) when the support shoes are raised, and a basic diagram of the hydraulic apparatus unit, a general view; figure 2 - block hydraulic apparatus of the lifting device of the excavator pitch mechanism, top view; on fig.Z - section aa in figure 2; figure 4 - section bb in fig.Z.

The hydraulic actuator of the excavator’s walking mechanism includes a hydraulic lifting cylinder 1 and a unit of its hydraulic apparatus 2, containing a check valve 3, an unlocking safety valve 4, a distributor 5, a controlled throttle check valve 6, and an anti-fall protection device made in the form of a controlled throttle check valve 7. The hydraulic cylinder cavities — piston and rod — are connected to the unit by pipelines 8 and 9, respectively

Structurally, the valve 7 consists of the body 10 or part of the body of the hydraulic apparatus block into which the sleeve 11 is installed, in the sleeve there is a two-piece slide valve 12 with the first 13 and second 14 tracks and a neck 15 between them. In Fig. 13, a diametrical hole 16 is made, and in the neck 15, a diametrical hole 17, holes 16 and 17 are connected by axial drilling 18, in which choke 19 and lining 20 for adjusting the throttles are fixed, which are fixed in the valve with a threaded plug 21.

The diaphragm hole 17 in the spool neck is choke.

Through holes 22 are made in the valve, parallel to the axis of the valve, necessary for diversion of leaks from under the lower end of the valve through radial grooves 23 at the upper end of the bushing, and a hole 24 in the upper part of the body.

The valve is controlled (i.e., lifted) by a pusher 25 installed in sleeve 26, and the valve is lowered by means of an unregulated spring 27, which provides a message (dissociation) of cavities 28 and 29. The components of the apparatus are fixed at both ends of the housing covers 30. I

The hydraulic actuator works as follows.

When lifting the support shoes, the working fluid from the hydraulic distributor is supplied to the interstitial cavity 28 of the valve (spool) and at the same time under the lower end (control chamber) of the pusher 25 through the hole a in the housing 10 and through the radial grooves b in the lower end of the sleeve 26.

The pusher 25 rises, overcoming the force of the spring F and the weight of the valve and the spring O lifting the valve 12, which connects the cavities 28 and 29, thereby bringing the working fluid to the rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 1. At this time, the working fluid from the upper cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 1 freely flows through valve 6 piston-Q drive pump.

the pump of the hydraulic actuator, the regulator begins to rise as the pressure of the pump increases hydropically, the valve 12 raises the uppermost position of the th head, which acts on it with a force determined by the pusher

hydraulic cylinder 1 and the hydraulic distributor 5 in the tank.

When lowering the support shoes, the working fluid from the hydraulic distributor 5 is supplied to the cavities of the hydraulic cylinder 1. Due to the fact that the mass of elements of the walking mechanism is large enough, the supporting shoes can fall sharply to the ground, if not dropping the hydraulic fluid from the lower cavity of the hydraulic cylinder . The throttling of the working fluid at the outlet from the lower cavity is provided by the throttle hole 17 in the valve neck (spool). During lowering of the support shoes on the ground, the pump of the hydraulic drive operates in idle mode or close to it, taking into account the viscosity of the working fluid, filling the free volume in the upper cavity of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 1 together with the fluid displaced from the lower cavity. The valve 12 is in the lower position, as it is operated from top to bottom by the force of the spring 27 and the weight of the valve and the spring, and below by the force from the pump pressure on the pusher 25, which during this period is either balanced by pressure or pressure from the resistance The block 2 to the hydraulic cylinder 1 does not overcome the force of preload of the spring 27, and the working fluid passes only through the throttle hole 17 of the valve neck (spool), ensuring the condition of a smooth lowering of the support shoes on the ground.

After the support shoes are gently lowered to the ground, the pressure

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Claims (1)

Formula invented Hydraulic drive of the hoisting mechanism excavating the hoisting hydrocyles of its hydraulic apparatus 20 shoes, connecting the limiter with the rod and lifting hydraulic cylinder, co-safety valve throttle return 25 connecting the hydraulic distribution of the piston cavity, lifting the valve, the pressure head and the drain valve, which differs in order to increase its 30, the protection apparatus against the support shoes is made of a controlled throttle valve with a body having a double bottom ash having a diametrical canal of which is made in the first and communicated with the first outlet for connection with the rod of the hydraulic cylinder and another a tap in the housing for connecting the hydraulic distributor, with the emitting channels connected by means of axially with the throttle, and the pusher of the mustache in the front part of the housing with the interaction with the second gate and has chambers 35 40 45 50 nor communicated with the pressure pipe. hydraulic drive pump. the pump of the hydraulic drive increases the excavator begins to rise, and as the pressure of the pump of the hydraulic drive increases, the valve 12 rises to the extreme upper position due to the fact that it acts on the plunger, with a force determined by the product of the cross section of the pusher by the pressure formula The hydraulic drive of the excavator's pitch lifting mechanism, including the lifting hydraulic cylinder and its hydraulic apparatus unit, containing the support block fall protection device, connecting the hydraulic distributor with the hydraulic cylinder rod of the lifting cylinder, the relief valve and the controlled throttle check valve, connecting hydraulic valve with a piston cavity of a lifting hydraulic cylinder, pressure and discharge lines, characterized in that, in order to increase its durability, the anti-fall support device is designed as a controlled throttle check valve with a housing having a pusher and a double throttle valve. a spool having diametric channels, one of which is made in the first mode and communicates with the first outlet in the housing for connection with the rod end of the hydraulic cylinder, and the other is made in the neck of the spool and communicated with the second branch in the housing for connection with the hydraulic distributor, the diametral channels communicating with each other by axial drilling with the throttle, and the plunger is installed in the front part of the housing with the ability to interact with the second valve and has a control chamber 50 nor, communicated with the pressure head magistral. with r in in 5g and “a C ta§ S3 and 59 "behind 27 28 6-6 FIG H