SU1555240A1 - Method and device for checking serviceability - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the automation of conveyor transport and improves the efficiency and reliability of monitoring the performance of a belt conveyor. The method is based on comparing the current values of diagnostic parameters (PD), characterizing its performance, with their permissible values and the formation of a diagnostic or control signal when the DP reaches permissible values. In addition, the harmonic component of the motion of the tape orthogonal to the plane of its working displacement is selected, and its parameters are measured. The results of the subsequent functional transformation of these parameters form DP. As a parameter of motion, we take the amplitude (A) of the harmonic oscillations of the tape (CL). Over a sliding time interval, A is averaged. The length of the time interval is chosen longer than the CR period. By the average value A, a diagnostic or control signal is generated. When implementing the method, the induction sensor 1 installed with a gap generates a pulsating analog signal, A of which, in the presence of a CL, changes with time. This signal is amplified by amplifier 2 and fed to block 3 for determining the current value of the CL period. From the output of block 3, the signals arrive at block 4 of multiplication and block 17 of determining the average value of the periodic function of the signal. Block 4 multiplies the signals on both outputs of block 3, and its output signal, 1/2 K times increased in block 5 scaling, is fed to the input of the calculator 6 exponent. The signal from the output of block 5 in adders 7 and 8 is summed algebraically with a constant reference signal, and the resulting signal goes to block 9, and from there through scaling block 10 and filter 11 goes to measuring device 14 and comparator 13. Comparator 13 generates an output signal proportional to A, which is indicated by the indicator 16 and can be used to control the belt tension. The measuring device 15 through the filter 12 receives a signal from the output of block 3, is proportional to the value of the period CL. 2 s. And 3 z.p. f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

p is the density of the tape material;

S is the cross-sectional area of the tape;

t is the magnitude of the oscillating mass;

Y is full of vibrational energy.

In real conditions, when the tape is moving, external periodic forces act on it, which excite the ribbon oscillations. However, as the noted defects of the conveyor originate and deepen

determined by the design parameters of the sensor and the load-carrying body. Substituting (5) and (6) in (7), receive

P to AtoCOSbrf

Ј-6 1 s. . l i

bo + l -smut

(eight)

which obviously can also be written as

p „-COSMt

  T + L / Sosmcut

(9)

The graphs of the change in time of the signal Ef, (Fig. 1) correspond to the expression (9) at different ratios of L / b at a constant circular frequency (о (for curves 1–4, the values of L / b are respectively 0.1; 0.5; 0 , 8 and 0.9).

The average value of U with a periodic function (Fig. 2) for implementing the method includes induction sensor 1, amplifier 2, unit 3 for determining the current value of the oscillation period of the tape, multiplication unit 4, scaling unit 5, exponent calculator b, adders 7 and 8, unit 9 division, block 10 mas of stacking, filters 11 and 12 of low frequencies,

the mean value of the periodic signal function.

sensor E6 (t) on the time interval 10 comparator 13, measuring devices 14 and mening equal to half period G / 2 transverse 15 indicator 16 and block 17 for detecting tape oscillations, is determined by the formula i i + flz

 / Eafy / dt (10)

..jg Block 3 for determining the current value

(the use of the function taken by the absolute oscillation period of the tape (Fig. 3) contains a magnitude, this is explained in detail in the module 18 for determining the module, the differentiation unit 19, the threshold element 20, the first 21 and second 22 sampling-storage units , the first trigger 23, the first 24 and second 25 20 delay elements, the first 26 and second 27 comparators, the element NOT 28, the key 29, the first that the integration interval is slippery and the function itself is an alternating sign).

The average value of the sensor signal over a period of time T / 2 is 30, the second is 31 and the third is 32 elements And, a cell of the rectangle with a base of T / 2, the third is 33, the second is 34 and the fourth is 35 the trigger area is equal to the area limited by - rye, the element OR 36, the fifth trigger 37, the positive positive definite function — 25 tRethe 38 and the fourth 39 delay elements, the integrator 40, the reference source 41

Es (t) and the time axis for the half period.

Given the fact that taking 24t

in attention (8), you can write the expression (10) in the form

,, KAacosat, ,, 2 K A to

With T tb + L51Ya (0 / T CU X

  % A. w0 + ASin t№ s / 4t & o + Asinu t

(d0 + Asin -) - ln (80 +

+)} 2Ј ln (80 + Asin) -Cv0 +

,, Zlv, 2K, 60 + L, h

+ Asm-) - / rtЈTX - 00

From (11) it follows that

Uj bo + l

-. )

2 Kbo-L

35

40

voltage, the third block 42 sample storage, the first 43 and second 44 scaling units.

The unit 17 for determining the average value 30 of the periodic function of the signal comprises the first integrator 45 connected via the first division unit 46 to the sampling-storage unit 47, which is connected to the adder 48, and the module determining unit 49 connected in series, the second integrator 50, the second unit 51 division, second sample-storage block 52, and scaling block 53.

The signal from the output of the sampling-storage unit 21 is fed to the direct input of the comparator 26 and through the switch 29, controlled by the element HE 28, to the inverting input of the comparator 27. The signal from the output of the sampling-storage unit 22 goes to the direct input of the comparator 27 and the inverting input comparator 26.

i.e.

UЈ l

gk Oo + A 60-L

and therefore

. (, 2,

exp (Y $) +

Uc is the value of the signal at the integrator output of the function | Ј «(/) |, i.e., it characterizes the value of the functional.

Thus, as follows from (12), for practical implementation of the method of monitoring the belt conveyor performance by changing the parameters of the ribbon oscillations, namely by changing the amplitude and frequency, it is necessary to have information about the variable values of Is and T (the rest are constants).

The device (Fig. 2) for implementing the method comprises an induction sensor 1, an amplifier 2, a unit 3 for determining the current value of the oscillation period of the tape, a multiplication unit 4, a scaling unit 5, an exponent calculator b, adders 7 and 8, a division unit 9, a unit of 10 wt stacking, filters 11 and 12 low frequencies,

 comparator 13, measuring devices 14 and 15 indicator 16 and determination unit 17

the mean value of the periodic signal function.

comparator 13, measuring devices 14 and 15 indicator 16 and determination unit 17

30, the second 31 and the third 32 elements And, the third 33, the second 34 and the fourth 35 of the trigger, the element OR 36, the fifth trigger 37, 5 of the 38 and the fourth 39 delay elements, the integrator 40, the reference source 41

0

voltage, the third block 42 sample storage, the first 43 and second 44 scaling units.

The unit 17 for determining the average value of the periodic function of the signal contains the first integrator 45 connected via the first dividing unit 46 to the sampling storage unit 47, which is connected to the adder 48, and the module determining unit 49 connected in series, the second integrator 50, the second dividing unit 51 , a second sampling-storage unit 52 and a scaling unit 53.

The signal from the output of the sampling-storage unit 21 is fed to the direct input of the comparator 26 and through the switch 29, controlled by the element HE 28, to the inverting input of the comparator 27. The signal from the output of the sampling-storage unit 22 goes to the direct input of the comparator 27 and the inverting input comparator 26.

The device works as follows.

When the conveyor operates, the induction sensor 1 generates a pulsating analog signal as a result of interaction with discrete cargo-carrying elements of the conveyor (Fig. 4a), the amplitude of which 0 in the case of tape oscillations varies with time. After amplification in magnitude and power by amplifier 2, this signal enters unit 3. By processing the signal from sensor 1, unit 3 generates a signal proportional to the current value of the period T of oscillation of the tape, unit 4 generates a signal proportional to the average value L / C of the periodic function of the sensor signal characterizing the vibrations of the tape.

five

five

The formation of these two signals is carried out as follows.

The signal of the amplifier 2 is fed to the input of the signal modulus determination unit 18 (Fig. 3), the output of which (Fig. 46) is fed to the differentiation unit 19. The output signal of differentiation unit 19 (Fig. 4c) controls the operation of the threshold element 20, the change in the output signal of which is shown in

Neither the signal is scaled and multiplied by two by the scaling unit 43. With the front of the signal at the output of the delay element 39, the outputs of the integrator 45 and 50 are zeroed in, and with the level of this signal both integrators are put into operation.

The measuring input of the integrator 45 is connected to the output of the sampling-storage unit 22. Variations in the magnitude of the amplitude are oscillatory and therefore the amplitude

FIG. 4g. The back edge of this signal 10 Ag (i) of the sensor signal can be sampled by a block 21 of the sample-storage and set the deterministic (average value) component Dd and the centered component Ag (r), i.e.

trigger 23 is outputted, and the level of this signal records the information supplied to the measurement input of sampling-storage unit 21 from unit 18 defined-1g neither the signal module. During the pause-c, between pulses at the output of the threshold element 20, the signal at the output of sampling-storage unit 21 remains constant, its value is proportional to the current amplitude of the sensor signal (Fig. 4e) .20

With a time delay i sufficient to record information by the block 21 of the sample storage, the element 24 of the signal delay permits the block 22 of the sample store 4

Ae (t) Ag + A g (t).

Therefore, after the launch of the integrator 45, the rate of change of the signal at its output is proportional to the magnitude of the current amplitude of the sensor signal (Fig. 4L). Block

46 divisions form a signal and

C / "7

thus calculates the average value of the signal of the integrator 45 on the interval of the signal of the block 21 of the sample-storage. From the output, T / 2, which is triggered by the time signal 37, whereby Ti-r-T2 "Tffl is recorded in the sampling-storage unit 47.

sufficient for recording information by the sampling-storage unit 22, the delay element 25 resets the flip-flop 23, which provides a change in the signal at the output of the block 22 in accordance with FIG. 4e.

The appearance of the signal at the output of the comparator 27 resets the trigger 33 and through the element AND 32 sets the trigger 35, and also through the element OR 36 enters the input of the trigger 37. The output signal of the trigger

The adder 48 performs the algebraic summation of the signals t / f and generates the signal t / 52 t / 26-Us, which determines the magnitude and sign of the centered component (30 m).

The signal generated by the adder is fed to the measuring input of the unit 49 for determining the modulus of the oscillation of the centered random component of the signal amplitude

the sensor that forms the signal is fed to the inverting input that is fed to the measuring input of the integrator

50, whose operation is synchronized with the operation of the integrator 45 by using single control commands from the oscillation period calculating unit. The change in signal at the output of the integrator 50 40 is shown in FIG. 4n. Block 51 of the formation of AND 32, which eliminates the appearance of a signal at its output until the trigger 35 is reset by the signal of the comparator 26 (the change in the signals at the outputs of the comparators 26 and 27 is shown in Fig. 4g, 3, respectively).

Thus, after a time equal to the current value of the half-period of oscillation of the tape, the output of the OR 36 element appears

digs the signal Uss, - and so

1/47

calculates the average value of the intempulum signal (Fig. 4i) memorized by trigger 37. The output signal of this trigger is off-45 of grator 50 on time interval T / 2, which integrator 40 resolves to block 42ro by trigger signal 37 is recorded in sample storage recording of the sample-storage signal block 52. The signal at the output of the integrator. Thus, the input of the integrator 40 is received at the measurement block 52, which characterizes the average period-reference signal generated by the source 41 function of the sensor signal per interval-reference signal. The operation of the integrator is from -50 time G / 2 (Fig. 4o), which, after the operation in FIG. 4k, the scaling by block 53 enters with a time delay TJ, sufficient output of block 17 as a signal Uc- to record the signal of the integrator in block 42 of block 4 multiplication performs sampling-storage, element 38 delaying the multiplication of signals at both of the outputs resets trigger 37, and the element 39 of the delay of block 3, and the block 5 of scaling with delay time, 4 t in front of the front- 5 performs the operation to increase to 1/2 K

The volume of its signal zeroed the integrator 40, and the level of the signal triggers the integrator. Recorded into the memory of the sampling block of the multiplier signal. The resulting signal is applied to the input of the calculator 6 exponent. The adder 7 performs the operation

Neither the signal is scaled and multiplied by two by the scaling unit 43. With the front of the signal at the output of the delay element 39, the outputs of the integrator 45 and 50 are zeroed in, and with the level of this signal both integrators are put into operation.

The measuring input of the integrator 45 is connected to the output of the sampling-storage unit 22. Variations in the magnitude of the amplitude are oscillatory and therefore the amplitude

 Ag (i) of the sensor signal can be represented as deterministic (mean value Ae (t) Ag + A g (t)).

Therefore, after the launch of the integrator 45, the rate of change of the signal at its output is proportional to the magnitude of the current amplitude of the sensor signal (Fig. 4L). Block

46 divisions form a signal and

C / "7

T / 2, which is recorded by trigger signal 37 in sampling-storage unit 47.

The adder 48 performs the algebraic summation of the signals t / f and generates the signal t / 52 t / 26-Us, which determines the magnitude and sign of the centered component (Fig. 4m).

The signal generated by the adder is fed to the measuring input of the unit 49 for determining the modulus of the oscillation of the centered random component of the signal amplitude

digs the signal Uss, - and so

1/47

calculates the average value of the signal of the integrator 50 over the time interval T / 2, which is recorded by the trigger signal 37 in the sampling-storage unit 52. The signal at the output of sampling-storage unit 52 thus characterizes the average value of the periodic function of the sensor signal over the time interval T / 2 (Fig. 4o), which, after scaling by unit 53, arrives at the output of block 17 as a signal Uc- The multiplication unit 4 performs the operation of multiplying the signals at both outputs of the unit 3, and the scaling unit 5 performs the operation of increasing 1/2 K

times the multiplier signal. The resulting signal is applied to the input of the calculator 6 exponent. The adder 7 performs the operation

the algebraic addition of the signal t / e of the exponent calculator with a constant reference signal C, and forms the signal U7-Ue, -Vp, corresponding to the expression

U7 exp (± KUcT) -l.

The adder 8 performs the function of combining the signal UG with a constant reference signal Un and generates a signal corresponding to the expression

(l-KUcT) + l.

10 a time shaft equal to half a cycle of oscillations. Thus, the method allows continuous monitoring of the birth and development of a conveyor defect, ensures high efficiency and reliability of the diagnostics unit 9 dividing

the signal Ui to the signal Us, which forms the signaling of the operability of the L / g conveyor belt.

Claims (5)

From the output of dividing unit 9, the signal is fed to the input of scaling unit 10, the claim of the invention that performs the operation of increasing it multiply, and, consequently, output 1. The method of monitoring the health of the signal of scaling unit 10 contains 20 conveyor belts, based on comp the amplitude of the oscillation of the current values of diagnostic parameters that characterize its operability, with their permissible values and the formation, when diagnostic parameters allow permissible values of a diagnostic or control signal, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency and reliability of control, the component of the tape movement is selected orthogonal to its plane worker tape, corresponding to the expression (12), and can be used to automatically monitor the performance of the belt conveyor. In order to ensure the noise immunity of the control, the signal from the output of the scaling unit 10 is fed to the input of the low-pass filter 11, which performs an averaging operation of a signal proportional to the amplitude of the oscillation of the belt, 30, the parameters of this motion component are measured, and as a result of their subsequent functional transformation, diagnostic options . 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the character of the motion component of the tape, orthogonal to the plane of its working displacement, is taken harmonically, takes the amplitude of harmonic oscillations as a motion parameter, averages it moreover, the averaging time interval is taken several times longer than the maximum possible oscillation period of the tape. A signal from the output of the low-pass filter, 35 which determines the average amplitude of oscillations in the sliding time interval, is fed to the measuring device 14 and to the input of the comparator 13. When the signal at the output of the filter 11 reaches low to the sliding time interval, permissible value (the value of which is chosen greater than the oscillation period of the tape, and based on the averaged amplitude value, a response diagnostics is formed) determining the maximum permissible amplitude of the oscillations of the tape, the comparator 13 forms iruet output signal which is indicated indicator Combined or control signal. 3. A control device for operability16 and, in addition, a 45 belt conveyor can be used, containing The proposed method provides the ability to control the performance of the belt conveyor by the change in time of the parameters of the oscillation of the tape, orthogonal the plane of its working displacement, namely the magnitude of the oscillation amplitude of the tape, determined by the revision results of measurements of the magnitude of the oscillation period and the average value of the periodic function of the signal characterizing the oscillation of the ribbon over a time interval equal to the half period of oscillation. Thus, the method allows continuous monitoring of the birth and development of a conveyor defect, ensures high efficiency and reliability of diagnosing the performance of a belt conveyor. Combined or control signal. 3. Control device operation to control the belt tensioner of the conveyor; or to automatically shut off the conveyor. The signal of block 3, which characterizes the current value of the oscillation period of the tape, is transmitted to a low-pass filter 12, which performs the averaging operation of a signal over a sliding time interval, a large induction sensor installed with the ability to interact with discrete load carrying elements of the conveyor, connected to an amplifier, a comparator , a dividing unit, measuring elements and an indicator, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency and reliability of the control, the units for determining the current period value are introduced into it oscillations of the tape and the average periodic function of this time interval is equal to the averaging interval of the filter 11 of the lower-55 signal of the sensor, multiplication unit, blocks kih frequencies. The signal at the output of the filter scaling calculator exponential pa 12 low frequencies, defining summers, while the output of the amplifier is the average value of the oscillation period of len-dinen with the first input of the detection unit you are fed to the measuring device 15. the current value of the oscillation period of the tape, Inductive sensor, installed with the ability to interact with discrete load-carrying elements of the conveyor, connected to an amplifier, comparator, dividing unit, measuring elements and indicator, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency and reliability of control, the modules for determining the current value of the oscillation period of the tape are introduced into it and the average value of the periodic function of the sensor signal, the multiplication unit, the blocks eleven four outputs of which are connected with the corresponding; the inputs of the average value of the periodic function, the fifth output of the current value of the oscillation period of the tape is connected directly to the first input of the multiplication unit and through the first filter to the first measuring element, the output of the average value of the periodic function of the sensor signal is connected to the second input of the multiplication unit, the output of which through a serially connected first scaling unit and exponent calculator is connected to the first inputs of the adders, the second inputs otorrhea connected to a respective pole of the reference voltage, and outputs - a dividing unit inputs, via the output of the last series-connected second scaling unit and a filter connected to the inputs of the second probe element and the comparator output is connected to the last 20 vho- house indicator. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the block for determining the current value 15 comparator, the outputs of the latter are connected to the first inputs of the second element I and the third trigger, the output of the first comparator is connected to the first inputs of the third element I and the fourth trigger, the output of the third trigger is connected to the second input of the third element I, the output of which is connected to the second inputs of the first element And the third trigger, the outputs of the first and second elements And are connected respectively with the second inputs of the second and fourth triggers, the outputs of the second and fourth triggers are connected respectively with the first the input of the OR element and the second input of the second AND element, the output of which is also connected to the second input of the OR element, the output of the latter is connected to the first input of the fifth trigger, the output of which is connected to the first inputs of the integrator, the third sampling-storage unit and through the third delay element the second input of the fifth trigger and with the input of the fourth delay element, as well as being the second output of the block; the output of the fourth delay element is connected to the second and fourth inputs of the integrator, the period of oscillation of the tape contains a third terminal whose input is connected to a source-connected module for determining a module, a differentiation unit and a threshold element, as well as sampling-storage units, triggers, delay elements, NOT, AND, OR, key elements, comparators, scaling units, the integrator, the source of the reference voltage, while the output of the module for determining the module is connected to the first input of the first sampling-storage unit; the output of the threshold element is connected to the second and third inputs of the first sampling-storage unit; NOT to the first input of the first element And the second trigger, to the first input of the first trigger, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first delay element, the output of the first trigger connected to the input of the second delay element, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second sample-storage block and the input of the first delay element, the output of the first sampling-storage unit is connected to the second input of the second unit thirty 35 40 the reference voltage unit, the fourth input is the third input of the block, and the output is connected to the second input of the third sample-storage unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the first scaling unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the second scaling unit, the outputs of the scaling units are respectively the fourth and fifth block outputs. 5. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the block determining the average value of the periodic function of the signal is performed on the first integrator, the first division block, the first sample-storage block, the adder, the module definition block, the second integrator, the second division block, the second the sampling-storage unit and the scaling unit; the first input of the first integrator combined with the first input of the adder and the first input of the block; the second input of the first integrator combined with the first sampling-storage, edinen vho- the first 45 rows of sample-store unit and the first the input of the second integrator is the second input of the block; the third input of the first integrator is combined with the second input of the second integrator and is the third input of the block; the second inputs of the division blocks key house and connected to the first input of the first comparator, the output of the second sampling-storage unit is connected to the second input of the first comparator and the first input of the second comparator, and is also the first output of the block, the output of the element NOT 50 are combined and are the fourth input connected to the second input of the key, the output of the block, and the output of the scaling block of which is connected to the second input of the second output of the block. 12 0 comparator, the outputs of the latter are connected to the first inputs of the second element I and the third trigger, the output of the first comparator is connected to the first inputs of the third element I and the fourth trigger, the output of the third trigger is connected to the second input of the third element I, the output of which is connected to the second inputs of the first element And the third trigger, the outputs of the first and second elements And are connected respectively with the second inputs of the second and fourth triggers, the outputs of the second and fourth triggers are connected respectively with the first the input of the OR element and the second input of the second AND element, the output of which is also connected to the second input of the OR element, the output of the latter is connected to the first input of the fifth trigger, the output of which is connected to the first inputs of the integrator, the third sampling-storage unit and through the third delay element the second input of the fifth trigger and with the input of the fourth delay element, as well as being the second output of the block; the output of the fourth delay element is connected to the second and fourth inputs of the integrator, 0 five 0 the reference voltage unit, the fourth input is the third input of the block, and the output is connected to the second input of the third sample-storage unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the first scaling unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the second scaling unit, the outputs of the scaling units are respectively the fourth and fifth block outputs. 5. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the block determining the average value of the periodic function of the signal is performed on the first integrator, the first division block, the first sample-storage block, the adder, the module definition block, the second integrator, the second division block, the second the sampling-storage unit and the scaling unit; the first input of the first integrator combined with the first input of the adder and the first input of the block; the second input of the first integrator combined with the first inputs of the blocks; and-storing first and about N YU you irt J ABOUT U o h 1ХххЛ Г Г Г Г Г Г Г Г ггг JL vl | J J 1 vl M pppppppg rp n rgp SU - PPPPPP-y PPP P n n n p p p p p p FIG. four