SU1544327A1 - Installation for incubating roe and growing fish larvae - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fish farming. The purpose of the invention is to provide optimal conditions for incubating eggs at different stages of its development and thereby increasing the survival rate of eggs, as well as the possibility of obtaining juveniles with given morphophysiological parameters.

consideration of changes in the biological parameters of caviar at different stages of its development and thereby improving the conditions of its incubation

ensuring the incubation of pelagic eggs by fixing them

control of the survival rate of caviar by whitening dead eggs and a change on the basis of control data of incubation regimes, as well as morphological control over the development of caviar and change on the basis of control data of incubation modes. Signals from sensors of 6 water parameters installed in tank 1, incubation tray 7 and hermetic tray 23 are fed to a programmable microprocessor unit controlling the operation mode of the aerator 5 controlled by valve 13, through which buffer water flows from water tanks 12 to the water circulation system salt solutions, light sources 15, sterilization unit 16, and drive pumps 10 and 14. A control batch of caviar is placed in tray 23 to observe the development and condition of the caviar. The installation comprises an optical system including an illuminator 37, a photometric sensor 38, a microscope 40 and a video camera 41, also associated with a microprocessor unit, and a fiber optic harness 39, each light guide of which is connected to a well to accommodate the caviar formed at the base located in the tray 23. 4 hp f-ly, 5 ill.

Description

data control incubation regimes as well as morphological control over the development of caviar and change based on data from the control incubation regimes. Signals from sensors 6 of water parameters installed in tank 1, incubation tray 7 and hermetic tray 23 arrive at a programmable microprocessor unit controlling the operation mode of the aerator 5 controlled by valves 13 through which the water circulation system comes from tanks 12 buffer salt solutions, 15 light sources, block 16

sterilization and drive pumps 10 and 14. To monitor the development and condition of the caviar, a test batch of caviar is placed in tray 23. The installation contains an optical system, including an illuminator 37, a photometric sensor 38, a microscope 40 and a video camera 41, also associated with a microprocessor unit, and a fiber optic harness 39, each light guide of which is provided to the well located in the tray 23. 4 z.p. f-ly, 5 ill.

The invention relates to fish farming, in particular, to installations for incubating caviar and growing fish larvae, and can be used to carry out these processes with a closed water circulation system and automatic control of incubation modes.

The aim of the invention is to provide optimal conditions for incubating eggs at different stages of its development OQ and thereby increasing the survival rate of eggs, as well as the possibility of obtaining juveniles with given morpho-physiological parameters, in addition, taking into account

changes in biological parameters

caviar at different stages of its development and thereby improving the conditions of its incubation, ensuring the incubation of pelagic fish eggs by fixing them, monitoring the survival rate of eggs at the behest of dead eggs and changes based on data from the control of incubation modes, and changing based on data from the control incubation regimes.

FIG. 1 shows the installation flow chart; in fig. 2 is a block diagram of a programmable microprocessor unit; in fig. 3 shows a device for placing a control batch of caviar equipped with a sensor for monitoring water parameters (for example, an oxygen sensor); FIG. 4 shows section A-A in FIG. 3; in fig. 5 shows a device for accommodating a test batch of caviar with a light guide bundle located in the lid.

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The installation for incubating caviar and growing fish larvae consists of a tank 1 for water treatment, equipped with a thermostatic system 2 with elements 3 for heating and cooling water, a mixing device 4, an aerator 5 and sensors 6 for monitoring water parameters — a sensor of oxygen, temperature, salinity, pH values, concentrations of CO, NH, Ca, K and trace elements; incubation trays 7, receiving tank 8 with filtration and biological cleaning unit 9, pump 10 and pipelines 11 connecting tanks 1 and 8 and incubation trays 7 to a closed water circulation system. In addition, the installation is equipped with tanks 12 with buffer salt solutions that are connected to the water circulation system through control valves 13 and metering pumps 14, fluorescent light sources 15 for illuminating the incubation trays 7 and sterilizing unit 16 with a germicidal lamp, which is included in water circulation system. The incubation trays 7 have water level regulators 17 and they also have sensors 6 for monitoring water parameters.

For automatic regulation of the incubation modes, a programmable microprocessor unit 18 is introduced into the installation, while the outputs of all sensors 6 through the amplifier unit 19 are connected to the regulating inputs 20 of the microprocessor unit 18, and the outputs 21 of the latter are connected respectively to the thermostatic system 2 controlled valves 13, the aerator five,

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pump drives 10 and 14, luminescent light sources 15 and a sterilization unit 16. A semiconductor controlled element 22 is installed in the reference channel of the amplifier block 19, which serves to programmatically change the reference values of the controlled values — oxygen temperature, salinity, etc.

It is advisable to include in the installation a device for placing a test batch of caviar, which consists of a sealed tray 23 with fittings 24 for inlet and outlet of water installed inside the tray 23 of the base 25 with an inclined top surface, in which spherical cavities 26 are formed, and covers 27 forming a sealed incubation cavity 28 with the wells 26, while in the end walls of the tray 23 vertical channels 29 are formed to communicate the cavity 28 with fittings 24 and are equipped with taps 30 to remove air from the water bubbles and sensors 6 control the parameter environment, which through block 19 of amplifiers and differential amplifier 31 are connected to input 32 of programmable microprocessor block 18.

In order to ensure the incubation of fish pelagic eggs in the lid 27 of the device for placing control batches of eggs, spherical holes 33 are made symmetrically to the holes 26. In open 23 there are baffles 34 with openings for dissecting the incoming water jet and thereby creating a uniformly distributed water flow the incubation cavity 28. Water is supplied to the trays 23 from the water circulating system through the flow distributor 35 and the pump 36 with a perestaltic effect.

To monitor the survivability of the incubated eggs by whitening dead eggs, the installation is equipped with an optical system including an illuminator 37, a photometric sensor 38 and a fiber optic harness 39, each fiber of which is brought to the corresponding well 26 or 23. A microscope 40 is inserted into the optical system for morphological monitoring of the development of caviar 40 and a video camera 41 (video recorder).

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The outputs of the photometric sensor 38 and the video camera 41 are connected to the inputs 32 and 42 of the programmable microprocessor unit 18, and the outputs 43 of the latter are connected to the control element 22, the display of the microcomputer 44 for visual observations of the morphological development of the object and the sig nalizers 45 of the critical deviations of parameters from set, as well as to the printing device 46.

In the installation, various 15 temperature sensors, conductometric, solid state and membrane polarographic electrodes, as well as glass or metallized potentiometric pH electrodes can be used as sensors 6. Svetovolo-20 horse harness 39 have or in the wasp. 25, or in the lid 27 of a device for placing control batches of caviar.

The installation works as follows 25 times.

The tank 1 is filled with water, which is thermostatted with the help of heating and cooling elements 3, is saturated with oxygen coming from the aerator 5, stirred to create a uniform concentration of trace elements oxygen and a uniform temperature and salinity. After that, the prepared water enters through the pipelines 11 (hoses) into the incubation trays 7, having passed previously through the quartz water jacket of the sterilization unit 16.

The incubation trays 7 are illuminated with luminescent light sources 15 to create the required light mode during the incubation period. Water through the level controller 17 from the incubation trays 7 enters the receiving tank 8, from where the pump 10, preliminarily passed through the filtration and biological purification unit 9, goes through pipeline 1I again to the tank 1. From the tanks 12 to the water circulation system enter the salt buffer solutions that create the required concentration of trace elements in water and the necessary salinity.

In the tank 1 and incubation trays 7 sensors are installed 6 control water parameters, the signals of which are received after amplification in block 19 amplifiers in a programmable microprocessor lock 18 on his

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control inputs 20. The processed signals from sensors 6 of all monitored parameters arrive at the outputs 21 of block 18, which automatically adjusts the conditions of the incubation by switching on and off the heating and cooling elements 3 of the thermostating system 2 (heaters and the refrigerating compressor), changes Aeration intensity, illumination regime of incubated caviar, activation mode of sterilization unit 16, maintains or changes salinity or composition of water, dispense the supply of saline buffer solutions through controlled e valves 13 and pumps 14.

The programmable microprocessor unit 18 outputs the signals of all monitored and calculated parameters to the signaling devices 45 critical deviations of the parameters from the set ones, the microcomputer 44 and the printing device 46.

In order to take into account in the incubation process changes in the biological parameters of the developing caviar at different stages of optogenesis and thereby correct the incubation conditions, ensuring their improvement, select the control batch of caviar and place it in the trays 23, where the prepared water from the tank 1 is fed through the distributor 35 flow and pump 36. The incoming water is evenly distributed over the incubation cavity 28 by a partition 34, and the vertical channels 29 provide for the removal of air near the electrode space of the sensors 6. According to After filling the channels 29 with water and removing the air, the channels 29 are blocked by taps 30. The location of the wells 26 on an inclined plane also contributes to the removal of air from the water.

In the case of incubation of pelagic eggs, the batch of the latter is placed in tray 23 (Fig. 5). The sensors 6 monitor the parameters of the water flowing into the tray 23 and the water flowing out of it. When using sensors 6 control by the difference of their readings and the number of eggs in the control batch, you can determine the average rate of oxygen consumption by one egg and with this in mind, maintain the oxygen content at the required level.

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The signals of sensors 6 installed in trays 23 after preamplification in block 19 of amplifiers arrive at a differential amplifier 31, which produces a signal proportional to the difference in the frequency of the monitored parameter to input "and output of tray 23, then to input 32 of microprocessor unit 1 8.

As a result of processing these signals, the output 21 of the microprocessor unit 18 receives signals that regulate the parameters of the water in which the eggs are incubated, as well as the modes of illumination, sterilization, and aeration.

The design of the plant allows monitoring not only the parameters of the environment, but also the survival of the eggs and the development of the embryo — morphological control. The determination of the survival rate of caviar is carried out optically using the batch of caviar placed in tray 23. During the incubation process, part of the caviar dies due to various reasons. Dead (dead) eggs whiten, become opaque, which leads to a change in the characteristics of the luminous flux i of the illuminator 37 of the optical system. From each egg in a separate well 26, the reflected light beam travels through the light guides of the light-guided harness 39 and hits the photometric sensor 38, which records the whitening of the eggs.

The signal from the photometric sensor 38 is fed to the inputs 32 and 42 of the microprocessor unit 18 and is used to change the calculated coefficients underlying the calculation of physiological parameters, taking into account the number of living eggs of the control batch, calculating the percentage of tension and determining critical deviations from the norm.

The morphological control is also carried out optically and on the same control batch of caviar in tray 23, and the image of each egg is transmitted by means of a fiber-optic fiber ha 39 and microscope 40 to a video camera 41 (vidicon), the signals of which are fed to the input 42 of the microprocessor unit 18, and its output 43 on the microcomputer display 44 days of physical control by the development of caviar. Stages of caviar development are determined by

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the ratio of the average area occupied by the embryo in the egg, the degree of differentiation of the internal regions (structure) of the embryo, taking into account the respiratory process. Using the data obtained, the programs of incubation regimes are changed.

According to the results of processing the signals of the input 42 of the microprocessor unit 18, the signals are output to the outputs 43, one of which is connected to the control element 22 of the reference channels of the amplifier unit 19. When the settings of the reference channels of the amplifiers of sensors 6 of controlled parameters are changed, microprocessor unit 18 switches to a new control mode corresponding to the next stage of caviar development.

The use of the proposed plant allows creating optimal conditions in the incubation of caviar and growing larvae and moving to full automation of this process, which will lead to a significant reduction in energy consumption and will increase the survival rate of caviar and larvae.

The regulation of all water parameters, the study of caviar development at different stages of ontogeny and the degree of its resistance to changing environmental parameters makes it possible to work out optimal conditions for its maintenance and to obtain juveniles with predetermined morphophysiological parameters adapted to life in water with various indicators. mi temperature, salinity, composition of trace elements, etc.

Claims (5)

1. A device for incubating caviar and growing fish larvae, containing incubation trays, a tank for preparing water, equipped with an aerator, thermostatic system and heating and cooling elements, a mixing device and temperature and oxygen sensors, a receiving tank with a filter unit and biological water purification and a pump with pipelines connecting trays and tanks to form a closed water circulation system, in order to ensure optimal incubation conditions fitment at different stages of five 0 five 0 five 0 five 0 five its development and thus increasing the survival of caviar, as well as the possibility of obtaining fry with given morphophysiological parameters, it is additionally equipped with tanks with saline buffer solutions connected to the water circulation system through controlled valves and dosing pumps, sensors for monitoring salinity of water, pH values, concentrations of dissolved C0, NH, Ca, K and trace elements, luminescent light sources for lighting trays with caviar, included in the water circulation system by a sterilization unit with bactericidal a lamp and a programmable microprocessor unit, with the outputs of all sensors through an amplifier unit having a semiconductor controllable element in the reference channel connected to the regulating inputs 1 of the microprocessor unit, and the outputs of the latter are connected respectively to a thermostatic system controlled by valves of salt tanks buffer solutions, sterilization unit, light sources, pump drives and aerator. 2, Installation according to claim 1, from the lake so that, in order to take into account changes in the biological parameters of the eggs at different stages of its development and thereby improving the conditions of its incubation, it is equipped with a device for accommodating the control batch of eggs, from a sealed tray with fittings for water inlet and outlet, installed in base trays with an inclined top surface, in which spherical wells are formed to accommodate the caviar, and a lid forming a sealed incubation cavity with the holes, in the end walls vertical trays are formed; channels for communication of fittings with the incubation cavity, and in the latter taps for removing air bubbles from the water are installed and sensors for monitoring water parameters, which are connected via an amplifier unit and a differential amplifier to the input of a programmable microprocessor unit. 3. Installation according to claim 2. characterized in that, in order to ensure the incubation of the pelagic fish roe by fixing it, on the bottom 1 15 In this case, the surfaces of the lid are made of spherical holes, arranged symmetrically with the holes of the base. 4. Installation on PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that, in order to monitor caviar survival by order of dead eggs and changes based on data from the incubation control, it contains an optical system including an illuminator, a photometric sensor and a fiber-optic bundle, each fiber b1 Jy i  u) L1 b ...,  I JtomofeurHU 91 I I ... W & 0 CUCMfMO, s 1544327 12 which is connected to the corresponding hole for caviar placement. 5. Installation on PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that, for the purpose of morphological control over the development of caviar and changes based on the control of incubation modes, it contains an optical system including an illuminator, a microscope, a video camera and a fiber-optic bundle, each fiber of which is connected to the corresponding well for placement caviar W) MO,) }, # / VwfodWw CvtMbwtoHiti t, sb YuYaal Fi.Ј 29 FIG. four 1544327 2J J OR M L ZHPHSH 2