SU1539679A1 - Converter of parameters of multielement two-terminal networks - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a measurement technique and can be used to measure the parameters of physical objects, the equivalent electrical circuit of which is the N-cell two-pole (D). The purpose of the invention is to expand the functionality of the converter by providing measurements of the N-element two-port parameters, as well as providing recalculation of the parameters of other nonresonant two-terminal networks under study through the values of the equivalent two-pole parameters, which are achieved by introducing N pulse generators with voltage variation according to the laws of power functions whose output voltages are alternately are fed to the inputs of two operational amplifiers (op-amps). In the feedback of the first op-amp, D is included, and in the input circuit of the second op-amp, model D, consisting of variable elements. The output voltages of a subtracting unit connected to the outputs of an op-amp are fixed by N sample and storage elements, then alternately zeroed by adjusting the corresponding elements of model D when the output voltages of the first to N-th pulse generator are applied to the inputs of the op-amp. The output voltage of the first EVH is proportional to the first parameter D, and the values of the others are determined by the output voltages of the dividing links connected to the outputs N of the EVH. When measuring the parameters of objects with a different replacement scheme, the recalculation unit calculates the desired parameters of any other parameters.

Description

The invention relates to measurement technology and is intended for. measuring the parameters of n-element non-resonant two-terminal networks, using the equivalent two-terminal parameters containing p / 2 series-connected resistors, the second terminal of the last resistor being combined with the second p / 2 terminals of the inductors, the first pins of which are connected to the first terminals of the respective resistors. The aim of the invention is to expand the field of application by providing measurement of the parameters of the n-element two-port, as well as

providing recalculation of the parameters of other nonresonant bipolar networks under study through the values of the parameters of the equivalent bipolar circuit.

FIG. 1 shows a functional electrical circuit for converting parameters of multi-element two-terminal networks, where in FIG. 2 - equivalent studied bipolar.

I The converter contains the master oscillator 1, the output of which is connected to the inputs of the generators 2-6 pulses. The voltage changes according to the laws of power functions with exponents n-1 and the input of the delay element 7 whose output through the keys 8-12 is connected to the control inputs elements 13-17 sampling and storage. The outputs of generators 2-6 are connected via keys, 18-22, to the input circuits of operational amplifiers 23 and 24. The first exemplary element 25 (L0) is included in the input circuit of the amplifier 24, and the second exemplary element 26 (C0) - into the feedback circuit of amplifier 23. The two-port circuit under study 27 contains series-connected resistors 28-30 (R,, R4, ..., Rn.p, the second output of the last resistor 30 being combined with the second terminals of the inductors 31-33 (L. ,, L 2 ..., Ln / i), the first terminals of which are connected to the first terminals of the corresponding resistors 28-30 and connected to the circuit feedback amplifier 24 to terminals 34 and 35. Customizable model 36 of the studied two-terminal is included in the input circuit of amplifier 23. Model 36 contains serially connected switches 37-39 and variable capacitors 40-43 (C, C7, ..., Cn / 1), the second terminal of the last capacitor 43 is combined with the second terminals of variable rezeltora 44-46 (g ,, g g, ..., r (t | № ,,), the first terminals of which are connected to the second terminals of the respective capacitors. The outputs of the amplifiers 23 and 24 are connected to the inputs of the subtracting unit 47, the output of which is connected to the information inputs of the sampling and storage elements 13-17 and the zero-body 48. The synchronization input of the zero-body 48 is connected to the output of the delayed element 7

5 0 5 0 5 0 5

0

five

ki The output of the first element 13 is directly connected to the first output of the converter and the first input of the recalculation unit 49, and the output of any of the elements 14-17 of the sample and storage is connected to the corresponding output of the converter and the input of the conversion unit 49 through a pair of serially connected separator links 50-57 (for example the third output is via links 52 and 53), the second inputs of which are connected to the output of the previous sample and storage element and the previous output of the converter, respectively, the two-port 58 under study, whose parameters can be determined through equivalent two-terminal network parameter values 27.

The Converter operates as follows.

For the case, the studied two-pole 27 consists of resistors 28, 29 and inductors 31, 32, with the second terminal of the resistors 29 combined with the second terminals of the inductors 31, 32. The model 36 contains variable capacitors 40, 41, a key 37, and the second terminal of the capacitor 41 combined with the second output of variable resistor 44. It should be noted that the number of variable elements and model 36 must always be equal to n-1, i.e. one less than the number of elements measured

two-pole 27.

j

In the initial state, the keys 8, 18 are closed, and the keys 19-21, 8-11, 37 are open, the values of the parameters of the variable elements of the model 36 are equal to zero. The clock pulses of the master oscillator 1 are fed to the generator input 2 of rectangular pulses operating in the standby mode. The output pulses of the rectangular shape U i (t) U | tit ° Um (t is the time) with the duration tH of the generator 2 through the contacts of the switch 18 are fed into the input circuits of the amplifiers 23, 24. Taking into account the fact that the gain and input impedance of the amplifier 24 is sufficient are large, its transfer function T14 (P) can be determined from the known ratio

tt zil (p) - p4Lj (pj R liE-jS A m

 PL L0 P4L1L1 + P (R, L1 + PJJ1 + R, IL1) + P1P1 v

where P is the Laplace operator; (P) - resistance of the studied

bipolar circuit 27 in operator form.

The image of the output voltage (P) in accordance with (1) is:

C

W

UZ4 ((P) W24 (P),

(2)

- and

where U2 (P) is the output voltage of the transient termination gene of the output 2 form.

in the control room

Similarly, it can be shown that

ig (r)

) -Uj (P) W (P)

PC0Z3 / P)

(3)

. Where Z36 (P) 36

model resistance in the operator form. Based on (2), it can be shown that the original of the output voltage of the amplifier 24 after the end of the transient processes (C) is determined by the parameter L1:

(BUT)

This voltage through the subtractive unit 47 (since the variable elements of the model 36 are set to zero, then the output potential of the amplifier 23 is zero) is fed to the information inputs of the elements 13-16 of the sample and storage and is fixed by the element 13, because its control input is received through the closed key 8 by the clock pulses delayed by the delay element 7. The delay time of element 7 is chosen to be obviously longer than the transient time. Then the key 8 is opened and at the output of the sampling and storage element 13 connected to the first output of the converter there is a voltage (4) that uniquely determines the parameter 1. Then by changing the value of the capacitance of the variable capacitor 40, the output voltage

t

. goes to zero:

 subtraction unit 47 SCU47 (t) -U14 (t) -U., (t) U

with C, L

7th

0о 0 L.

), U (t) - output voltage

Jtj

operational amplifiers 23 and 24 respectively.

15396796

The state of equilibrium hereafter

is fixed by the null organ 48. Next, the key 18 is opened, and the keys 19 and 9 are closed, and linearly varying pulses are output to the input circuits of the amplifiers 23 and 24 from the generator 3 and U3 (, -, while

- and

The voltage of the subtraction unit 47, determined by the difference in voltage across its turns, with (5) taken into account, will be:

five

VO

and"

and.

4V

RI

Ctf

(6)

The voltage (6) is fixed by the sample and storage element 14, controlled by the output pulses of the delay element 7, received through the contacts of the key 9, and then twice divided (4) by dividing

with over voltage of 50 and 51

V

Um4,

(7)

The switch 9 is then opened, and by changing the resistance value of the variable resistor 44, the output voltage of the subtracting unit 47 is zero:

35

0, with (8)

R, c0

Further, the key 19 is opened, and the keys 20 and 10 are closed and the input circuits of the amplifiers 23 and 24 from the output of the generator 4 receive pulses with voltage variation according to the law of a quadratic parabola:

45

U4 (t) Um (-) 2.

0

five

Upon completion of the transient processes, the output voltage of the subtractive unit 47, taking into account the fulfillment of conditions (5) and (8), will be equal to:

 UjSi / Cj +

 2 riLic ri (ji- zun

Y; 1) RJ; L l

(9)

This voltage is fixed by the sample and storage element 15, controlled by the output pulses of the delay element 7, coming through the contacts of the key 10, and then divided into voltages (6) and (7) by dividing links 52 and 53, respectively:

Part 2 E:

(ten)

Then, the switch 10 is closed, the switch 37 is closed, and by changing the value of the capacitor of the variable capacitor 41, the output voltage of the subtracting unit 47 is reduced to zero:

212

LiL g OTY ViC-tC i,

TI from, -. Ium - - - / um - j - u,

LW LR,

Q

wherein -- . L l

(AND)

Further, the key 20 is opened, and the keys 21 and And are closed and the input circuits of the amplifiers 23 and 24 from the output of the generator 5 receive pulses with voltage variation according to the law of the cubic parabola: U5 (t) Uw (t / tM) e. After completion of the transient processes, the output voltage of the subtractive unit 47, taking into account the fulfillment of the conditions (5), (8) and (11), will be equal to:

tt ft $ USL LJ. e LJ t + fL + I 6 t 2R, t S

2 7Ч 1

L.Li, LJ (L, + L «) 4Lil R f; RlP P J,

  CX 3 rjc tWt-r3C4

 6 t 2 t r; Ci r Ci -2g; s; cXc: cr 2 bits -

zp, kg

(12)

This voltage is detected by the sample and storage element 16, controlled by the output pulses of the delay element 7, coming through the contacts of the key 11, and then divided into voltages (9) and (10) by dividing links 54 and 55, respectively:

IT - Lo 2UmtMR,

(13)

Thus, expressions (4), (7), (10), (13) unambiguously determine the desired parameters L ,, P1, L15 R t of the bipolar circuit under study 27. With an increase in the number of elements n of the bipolar circuit under study, the order of operation of the converter is similar to the above.

This converter allows you to determine the parameters of any non-resonant multi-element bipolar

five

0

five

0

five

nickname consisting of n elements. A necessary condition for this is that the transfer function of the amplifier 24 should correspond to the form (1), which is achieved by including the sample element 25 and the two-speaker 27 under investigation either in the input circuit or in the negative feedback circuit of the amplifier 24, as well as by varying the nature of the sample element 25 (model LO inductance coil, reference capacitor C0 or reference resistor R0). For example, the two-terminal 58 (Lig.2) under study is included in the feedback circuit, and the ebrazny element 25 (resistor R0) is connected to the input circuit of the amplifier 24, the transfer function of which V (H) in this case has the form

(ABOUT;

v (P) Y11 x

 R, E „

Р (Р Р4Сэ + РзР4С) + Рз ,,,, FR R4C3c7 + P (,) + T V

Consequently, the order of balancing and functioning of the division links 50-55 is the same when studying two-terminal circuits 27 and 58. Expressions (4), (7), (10), (13) take

VIEW . RS

m p Co.

Ro (C3 + C).

 Umth

and

24

and

5-1

(15)

(sixteen)

U53

2umR4c;

to TSE + C4) g

. (17)

 SCR (C3 + C4)

Uj5

(18)

2UmtHC4

The combined analysis of expressions (4), (7), (10), (13) and expressions (15) - (18) allows to obtain recalculation formulas from equivalent values of parameters

R13M R "3Ktf

U13K1

I two-terminal 27

7 EKV

R l 1HK. 7Р.ПI ЯНПЛ Э-fXUTI / lf

.. „..}, V 4, t3, u4

measurable two-terminal 58:

From the system of equations 19 follows:

 The power functions with the exponents O, 1, 2, 3, 4, and output through the corresponding keys are connected to the first pin of the tunable model of the two-port network, the second pin of which is connected to the first terminal of the first exemplary element and an operational amplifier, the second input of which is connected to the first input of the second operational amplifier and

The voltages determined by expressions (15) - (18) from the first to fourth transducer outputs are fed to the corresponding inputs of the conversion unit 49. The recalculation block 49 according to the algorithm 15 with a common bus, the second input being determined by expressions (20), calculates the desired parameters R3, R4) C3, C4 of the two-port 58.

Similarly, one can obtain formulas for recalculation from the values of equivalent 20 parameters, L2 of a two-terminal network 27 to the desired parameters x. any other non-resonant multi-element two-port network, and the number of parameters of this two-port network must be 25 equal to the number of parameters of the two-port network 27.

Thus, this converter allows one to determine the parameters of n-element nonresonant bipolar 30s and can be applied in determining the parameters of physical objects, the equivalent electrical circuit of which is an n-element bipolar. For example, bipolar circuit 27 is a replacement circuit found in automation devices, communication as amplitude correctors, filter arms, bipolar circuit 58 is a protein solution replacement circuit. Compared with the prototype, the present invention allows to expand the functional capabilities of the device, since it provides a measurement of the parameters of the n-element two-port network. In this solution, the balancing for each parameter is carried out separately, i.e. This is done by adjusting the variable elements once.

35

40

45

the second operational amplifier is connected with the first output of the second test element and with the first terminal for connecting the studied p-element two-pole device, the output of the first operational amplifier is connected to the second output of the first sample element and the first input of the reading unit whose output is connected to the information inputs of the nth sample and storage elements, the control input of the elements are connected via the corresponding keys to the output of the delay element, the output of the first sample and storage element is connected to the first output the converter, the output of any of the remaining elements is connected to the corresponding output of the converter through a pair of successively connected separating links, the second inputs of which are connected to the output of the previous sample and storage element and the previous output of the converter, respectively, the second terminal for connecting the studied n-element two-terminal device, that, in order to expand the field of application, 2n-5 keys, 2n-8 dividing links, a null-organ, a recalculation unit, p-5 elements of sampling and storage, and p-5 g are introduced into it. pulse generators whose output voltages vary according to the laws of powers of functions with exponents 5,6, ..., p-1, whose inputs are connected to the output of the master oscillator, and the outputs through the p-5 of the corresponding keys are connected to the first terminals the two-terminal model of the second exemplary element under investigation, the second terminal for connecting the two-terminal two-terminal device being studied to the output terminal

Claims (2)

1. The converter of parameters of multi-element two-terminal networks, containing a master oscillator, the output of which is connected to the input of the delay element and the inputs of five generators 20) 153967910 pulses, the output voltages of which, respectively, vary according to the laws of power functions with exponents O, 1, 2, 3, 4, and the outputs are connected to the first output of the adjustable model of the bipolar circuit being connected via the corresponding keys with the first output of the first exemplary element and the first input of the first operational amplifier, the second input of which is connected to the first input of the second operational amplifier and there was a common bus, with the second input of ostsur. shared bus, with the second input 0 5 0 0 five 0 five five the second operational amplifier is connected to the first terminal of the second exemplary element and to the first terminal for connecting the p-element two-pole under study, the output of the first operational amplifier is connected to the second terminal of the first sample. the primary element and the first input of the subtracting unit, the output of which is connected to the information inputs of the five elements of the sample and storage, the control inputs of the elements are connected to the output of the delay element via the corresponding keys, the output of the first sample and storage element is connected to the first output of the converter, the output of any of the remaining elements connected to the corresponding output of the converter through a pair of series-connected separating links, the second inputs of which are connected to the output of the previous sample element and storage and the previous output of the converter, respectively, a second terminal for connecting the n-cell two-port under study, characterized in that, in order to expand the field of application, 2p-5 keys, 2p-8 dividing links, null-organ, recalculation unit, p-5 elements of sampling and storage; and p-5 pulse generators, the output voltages of which vary according to the laws of power functions with exponents 5.6, ..., p-1, whose inputs are connected to the output of the master oscillator, and the outputs via p-5 of the corresponding keys cheny to first terminals of the test pattern and a second two-pole model element, wherein the second terminal for connecting the test element n-two-pole connected to the output of the second the amplifier and with the second input of the subtracting unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the zero-organ and to the information inputs of the remaining p-5 elements of the sample and storage, the control inputs of which are connected to the output of the delay element via the p-5 of the corresponding keys, the output of any of the elements with the corresponding output of the converter through a pair of series-connected separating links, the second inputs of which are connected to the output of the previous element and the previous input of the conversion-15 with the second terminals (n / 2) -1 variables bodies, respectively, with n input resistors, the first conclusions of which The recalculation unit's terminals are connected to the second terminals with corresponding outputs of the transforming capacitors. ZGyarig 1 DAY "H  ft ZSHCe bodies, and the input synchronization of the null organ is connected to the output of the delay element. 2. The converter according to claim 1, characterized in that the model of the studied two-terminal device contains p / 2 serially connected keys and p / 2 variable capacitors, and a variable capacitor is connected between the first output of each subsequent key and the second output of the previous one / 2 capacitors combined 1 Compiled by V. Semenchuk Editor M. Tsitkina Tehred M. Khodanych Order 215 Circulation 540 VNIIPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. 4/5 Production and Publishing Combine Patent, Uzhgorod, st. Gagarin, 101 Faye.2. Proofreader E. Lonchakova Subscription