SU1521420A1 - Sprayer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular, to plant protection machines. The purpose of the invention is to increase efficiency by increasing the accuracy of dosing and reducing the setting time for the working fluid consumption rate. This is achieved by introducing a digital electric drive 3 of the pump, a motion speed sensor 1, switches 2 and 8, a speed simulator 7, a generator 10, a setting device 11, and a sampling signal generator 9 into the sprayer containing tank 6, pump 4, spray system 5. . This provides the possibility of rotation of the pump 4 at a predetermined frequency when setting up the sprayer on site, independence of the frequency of rotation of the pump 4 from the sliding of the spray wheels of the sprayer. 1 hp f-ly, 2 ill.

Description

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FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agricultural, household engineering industry, in particular, to plant protection machines.

The goal of the breach is to improve efficiency by improving the dosing accuracy of vi coskra; eni is the setting time for the working fluid consumption rate.

 Figure 1 shows the functional scheme of the sprayer; figure 2 - diagram of the signal sampler sampling.

Sprayer consists of a sensor

1 speed switch 2, a digital electric drive 3 connected to the drive shaft of the pump 4, the output of which is connected to the working fluid spray system 5, and its hydraulic input to the tank 6. In addition, the sprayer is supplied with a variable frequency generator 7, the second switch 8, the driver 9 of the sampling signal, the information input of which is connected to the output of the switch 8, and the output to the control input of the digital electric drive 3, the generator 10 of a fixed frequency and the setting device 11. Information inputs of the switch and 2 are connected to the outputs of sensor 1 and the moving speed of the generator 7, the frequency variable. Koi {mutator exit

2 is connected to the information input of the digital electric drive 3 and to one of the information inputs of the switch 8, the second information input of which is connected to the output of the generator 10 of the fixed frequency.

The outputs of the setting device 11 are connected to the control inputs of switches 2, 8. and generator 7, to the control inputs Starting and Setting the mode of the sampling signal generator 9, as well as to the digital inputs of the digital electric drive 3 and the sampling signal generator 9.

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The speed sensor 1 serves to generate pulses with a frequency f proportional to the speed of the sprayer, and is made, for example, c. photovoltaic or magnetoelectric on the transducer mounted on an additional (unloaded) wheel or on a wheel sprayed.

The generator 7 is a simulator of the speed of movement and serves for

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pulse shaping

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frequency I: V, simulating when setting the spray g to the working fluid flow rate, the real signal from the output of the measuring transducer 1, the propantsonalny working speed of the unit.

The generator 7 speed can be performed, for example, in the form of a multivibrator with adjustable or switch on the command from the setter. 11 value of constant time.

Switch 2 is designed to reproduce at its output one of the input signals. The choice of the desired signal (f or f) is performed by a command from the setting device 11, which is fed to the control input of the switch. The switch 8 is used to reproduce the signal output from the switch 2 output or the signal with the f frequency from the generator 10 output. The switch 8 is also controlled by means of the setting device 11.

The generator 10 generates at its output a pulse signal of frequency f-j. .

The spraying system 5 consists of pipes and sprays, such as discs.

In the proposed device, a volumetric type pump 4 (e.g., rotary, piston, etc.) is used, ensuring the change in the flow rate at its output is proportional to the rotation frequency of the pump drive shaft.

The drive 3 is designed to drive the drive shaft of the pump 4 into rotation and control its rotation frequency. It is made in the form of a digital electric drive with direct current, the frequency of rotation of the output shaft of which varies in proportion to the frequency of the input signal (f or fy) and digital code K. The value of the K code is set at the digital input of the electric drive using the setpoint 1.1. The digital drive is also provided with a control input for starting and stopping the drive.

Shaper 9 of the sampling signal is intended to form at its output in the Pulse Setting mode with a duration equal to the time during which the specified input will go to its information input

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the number (F) of pulses, chptotog) f v, fy NLP .t. 1INFO I is set injected by 1C1FROP at the input of the imaging unit 9 of the sampling signal with the aid of an ad- agrator 1 1. Shaper 9 starts up via KOManAiioNry impulse. Sampling coming to its control input. Start from setpoint 11. Shaper 9 is equipped with input Mode setting. When a logical level 1 signal is applied to this input, the device is switched to the Setup mode, and when a logical O level signal is applied, it is switched to the Operation mode.

The scheme of practical implementation of the sampling signal forcing device 9 is shown in Fig. 2. The imaging unit 9 consists of a counter 12, RS-flip-flop 13, the input S of which is connected to the output of the counter 12, D-flip-flop 14 and an AND 15 circuit, the first input of which is connected to the output of the D-flip-flop 14. The output of the RS-flip-flop 13 is connected to the input Record the counter 12 and with the D-input of the D-flip-flop 14. The C-flip-flop input -14 is connected to the counting input of the counter 12, which is the information input of the driver 9. The R input of the flip-flop 13 is a control input of the Record, and the second input circuit AND 15 - control input Mode setting.

The setting device 11 serves to perform the following functions:

setting the values of the codes K and P on the digital inputs of the digital electric drive 3 and the driver 9;

setting the operation mode of the sprayer (Setup, Operation) by applying the appropriate signal to the input; Setting the mode of the driver 9;

setting in the mode Setting the specified frequency fy of the pulse signal, la, imitating the specified operating speed, at the output of the variable frequency generator 7;

installation of switch 2 in one of two states - Simulator, Dachik;

installation of switch 8 in one and two states - Speed, Time

command pulse feed Sample sampling in Setup mode to. Input Run Shaper 9.

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Oprazykratr.Sh works as follows.

Before work, the sprayer is adjusted to a predetermined flow rate of the working fluid, and the identity of the discharge characteristics of the sprayers of the spray system is preliminarily checked. First, the surgeon is adjusted on site, and then the compliance of the actual fluid flow rate with the specified norm during movement is checked. - To implement the Fia Tuning mode, with the help of 5 knobs of the setting device 11, the following are set: signal level logical 1 at the second input of the circuit 15; set frequency fj, signal, imitating; its set working speed of the unit, at the output

20 generator 7 variable frequency; the code K is on the 1-FIELD input of the digital electric drive 3, and the switch 2 is set to the Simulator state.

 In order to verify the identity of the discharge characteristics of the nozzles, the switch 8 is set to the Time state, and at the digital input of the sampling signal generator 9 a set number P of signal pulses f is set. If the generator 10 generates a pulse signal with a frequency of f 1 Hz at its output, then P 60 must be set to determine the flow rate at the nozzles output per minute. Record P in the counter 12 of the former 9 is made with a voltage of 1 at the input Record counter 12.

40 After the system is installed in the required state, the measuring vessels for liquid collection are connected to the outlet of each channel (sprayer).

d5 At the initial moment on the exits

triggers 13, 14 there are voltage levels of logic 1, Since the second input of the AND 15 circuit in Setup mode is the high voltage, then the output of the driver 9 and the control input of the digital electric drive 3 at the initial moment is the voltage of the logic 1 at which the engine is not

55 is rotated (locked), despite the fact that the input signal (f) is received at its information input. Next, the operator from behind the sensor 11 gives the command impulse

Selection of npo6t.i at the input R of the trigger. 13 (input Run form 9). The trigger 13 goes from a logical 1 state to a logical O. Then, when the first pulse appears at a frequency ft at input C of the trigger 14, a zero voltage is generated at its output, resulting in control input 1 of the 1 electric drive 3 A level signal is applied, and the drive starts. At the same time, the pump drive shaft begins to rotate with frequency, proportional to P fy and code K, and the working fluid from the outlet of each channel collects into measuring vessels.

Simultaneously pulses of frequency 1;). passes to the counting input of the counter 12. When the next pulse appears, the contents of the counter 12 are reduced by one. After passing the Pth pulse to the counting input, a level 1 voltage appears at the output of the counter, as a result of which the output voltage of the trigger 13 and the input D of the trigger 14 generates a voltage of logic 1. However, the trigger 14 retains its previous zero state and passes to state 1 with the appearance of a C (P + 1) th pulse at its input. At the control input of the digital electric drive 3, a logic level 1 voltage appears and the drive stops. Thus, samples of the working fluid are sampled into the measuring vessels at exactly P signal pulses of frequency f (i.e., f 1 Hz, P 60, sampling time is 60 s).

At the end of the sampling period, the volumes of the samples in each measuring vessel are determined. The volume of the sample in this case is numerically equal to the minute fluid flow rate at the exit of each channel. The process described above is repeated several times until the irregularity of fluid flow through the channels is less than the permissible value. To achieve this goal, constructive measures are taken (for example, valve replacements are made).

After verifying the identity of the flow characteristics of the canals of the pulverization system, the sprayer is tuned to a given consumption rate. With

This cocTOHHtui cxeMt i AND 1 i, switch 2 and frequency generator 7 are kept the same, the value of code K can be corrected based on the results of the identity check of the flow characteristics, and switch 8 is set to Speed. The digital input of the driver 9 is set to the number P, the value of which corresponds to a certain specified segment of the path

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T. about

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where 1 is the simulated distance (in meters) that the sprayer travels over the period of the pulse signal with frequency fy.

Next, a tank (capacities) for collecting the working fluid is connected to the pump outlet or to the sprayer outlets, and the operator from the setting unit 11 sends a command pulse. Sampling to the input Shaper 9 is started. When the first pulse is detected with frequency f, trigger 14 passes from 1 to state O, a zero level signal appears at the control input of the phased electric drive, and the drive starts. Pump drive shaft starts rotating

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code K, and the working fluid from the pump outlet (or from the spray gun outlets) is collected in the tank (s). The device thus works in the same way as in checking the identity of the channels. After the (P + 1) th pulse arrives at frequency fy, the drive stops. At the end of the sampling period, the total volume Gg of the collected working fluid in the segment L is determined, and the actual flow rate of the working fluid per unit of the treated area is calculated using the formula

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Q

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loVc,

l / ha

where B is the width of the sprayer, m,

Samples are taken in several turns. If the difference between the average actual fluid flow rate Q and the target flow rate Qg exceeds the tolerance set for this sprayer, then the K code is corrected at the digital output of drive 3, and the procedure for determining Qqp described above is repeated until the above pasHocTj will be less than the specified tolerance.

To check the correctness of the sprayer setting during movement, the switch 2, with the help of the setpoint adjuster 11, is set to the Sensor state, the digital inputs of the digital electric drive 3 and the driver 9 are set to values of the K code (determined based on the results of the on-site adjustment) and the number P of input signal pulses

f. At the second input of the circuit, And 15 sets the signal level of logic 1. The amount of fluid consumed during the sampling time can be determined in different ways.

the amount of fluid in the tank before i. after taking a sample or by taking a sample of fluid from the pump outlet to a special tank, followed by determining its volume. The sampling can be carried out both in the initial part of the rut length and in any part after the unit has reached the set value of the speed of movement. In the first case, before the operator (tractor driver) starts driving, a command pulse is sent from the setting device 11. Sampling at the input The starting of the former - 9, and the sample starts being taken after the first impulse of the input signal (fy) arrives from the output of the speed measuring transducer 1 (i.e. start moving). In the second case, a command pulse. Sampling is given after the acceleration of the aggregate, and the drive is rotated to take a sample after the first input pulse (after the command pulse) of the input signal (). . In this mode, the correctness of the machine installation at the consumption rate is checked and (if necessary) the coefficient K value is refined.

In the Operation mode using the setting device 1 1, the signal of the logic level O is set at the second input of the circuit 15, the switch 2 is set to the Sensor position, and the digital code drive 3 sets the required K code value. When the sprayer is operated, the pulses with frequency f, -

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national speed, from the output, measure the transducer speed 1 through the switch 2 to the information input of the digital electric drive 3, and the latter is driven into rotation. In this case, the circuit consisting of the switch 8 and the sampler signal generator 9 does not affect the operation of the device. When the sprayer is stopped, the generation of pulses by the speed transducer 1 is stopped, the electric drive is stopped.

Claims (2)

1. A sprayer containing a regenerator, a pump with a drive and a spray system for the working fluid, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency by increasing metering accuracy and reducing the setting time for the rate of flow, the pump is designed as a digital electric drive; and the sprayer is equipped with a speed sensor, a variable frequency generator, a sampling signal generator, a fixed frequency generator, a first and a second switchboard and a preamplifier connected to the control inputs of the switches, a variable frequency generator, to the digital and control inputs of the sampling signal generator, Thereby, the outputs of the speed sensor and the variable frequency generator are connected to the corresponding informational inputs of the switch riepBoro, the output of which is connected to the first info The second input of the second switch and the information input of the digital electric drive, the digital input of the latter is connected to the sensor, and the information input of the sampling signal generator is connected to the output of the second switch, the second information input of which is connected to the output of the fixed frequency generator. 2. The sprayer according to claim 1, T is characterized in that the sampling signal driver comprises a pulse counter, an RS flip-flop, a D-flip-flop and a two-input circuit. And, while the counting input of the pulse counter is connected to the counting 1521420 input 1) -trigger and is the information input of the sampling signal generator, the counter write enable input is connected to the RS flip-flop output and the D flip-flop setup input, whose output through the first input of the two-input circuit I is connected to the sampling signal generator output, and the second entrance R the two-input circuit AND forms one of the control inputs of the sampling signal generator, the second control input of which is the installation input to the O P5 flip-flop, the installation input 1 of which is connected to the output of the pulse counter, the bit inputs of which are the digital input of the signal conditioner sampling (rig 2