SU1520423A1 - Method of determining ignition temperature and flash point of mixtures of hydrocarbon compounds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the determination of the characteristics of a fire - explosion hazard, in particular, to methods for determining ignition temperatures and flash points, and can be used in the petrochemical, coke chemical, shale processing and aluminum industries. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the duration, increase safety, reduce the complexity of determining and expand functionality — by chromatographic analysis of solutions of the test mixture and a mixture of standard substances (analogs and homologues of the original), determining the retention time of components, the composition of the test mixture and calculating the ignition temperature and flash of the test mixtures according to their dependencies on boiling points associated with retention time and composition.

Description

The invention relates to the determination of the characteristics of fire and explosion hazards and can be used in the petrochemical, coking, shale and aluminum industry.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the duration, improve security, reduce the complexity of the definition and extend the functionality. An example. The hydrocarbon phase to be tested is dissolved in benzene with a benzene / hydrocarbon phase ratio of 10-50 by weight. The mixture is settled for 15 minutes to separate the hydrocarbon and aqueous layers.

A mixture of standard substances included in the composition of the test mixture (naphthalene, 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene, acenftene, phenanthrene, carbazole, pyrene, chrysene) is dissolved in benzene at a ratio of benzene / mixture of hydrocarbons equal to 10-50 by weight .

Chromatograph benzene solutions of the tested hydrocarbon of one mixture and a mixture of standard substances. An LHM-8MD chromatograph with a flame ionization detector is used. Column length 3m, diameter 3 mm. A solid inerton AW-HMDS carrier (fraction 0.20-0.25 mm, weight 11.55 g) with a stationary liquid phase deposited on its surface is loaded into the column.

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SE-30 (5% by weight of solid material). The evaporator temperature is 350 ° C,. thermostat SO-ZOO C. The speed of programming is 8 ° C / min. The speed of the carrier gas gels AO MP / min 5 hydrogen 50 ml / min, air SO3 ml / min. The speed of the chart tape 600 mm / h. The amount of injected sample is 1 μl. Determine the retention time of the KOM components of the test mixture and the standard Constructing time dependencies of the standard substances on their boiling temperatures and the number of carbon atoms in the molecule. These dependencies are linear. Based on these relationships by. The retention time of the components of the test mixture is estimated by the boiling points of the mixture components and the number of carbon atoms in them.

The molar composition of the tested mixture is determined by chromatography using an absolute calibration method. The following mole of the tested hydrocarbon mixture is found,%: naphthalene 21.88; quinoline 5.67; methylnaphthalenes 14,15; dimethylnaphthalene 13.69; acena-naphthene 10.45; diphenylene oxide 2.67; fluoren 7.81; phenanthrene + anthracene 19.46; fluoranthene 2.60; pyrene 1.59. Construct the dependences of ignition temperatures and flashes of the components of a mixture of standard substances on their boiling points, which are linear. Based on these ratios, the ignition temperatures and flashes are determined by the boiling points of the components of the tested mixture, which are estimated using their retention time. hydrocarbons.

The following components were found for the tested mixture: components: the number of carbon atoms is 10–16; bp 218-396 ° C; temperature of the cake is 76-187 ° C; ignition temperature 80-207 ° C.

The flash point and flash point of the components of the tested mixture are, respectively, ° C: naphthalene 80; 76; quinoline 85; 81; methylnaphthalenes 97; 91; dimethylnaphthalene 116; 108 acenaphthene 124; 114; diphenylene oxide 144; 132; fluoren 144; 132; phenanthrene + anthracene 177; 160; fluoranthene 207; 187; pyrene 207; 187.

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The method of sums according to the formula.,

 T 5, (, spl .. m, + .ct.m + ... +

 primed mji -bosplm Dbospl. m

ignition temperature of the components of the test mixture; m,. . . , that is the molar content of the components in the mixture in fractions of a unit; the ignition temperature of the test-mo-smgsi (Tjocnn.cM) j is calculated to be 122 ,. The same method was used to calculate the flash point of the tested mixture equal to 1 13.2 ° С.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula The method for determining ignition temperatures and formation of mixtures of hydrocarbon compounds, including their preparation and heating, characterized in that, in order to reduce the duration, make it safer, reduce the laboriousness of the determination and enhance functionality, additionally prepare a mixture of standard substances consisting of substances that enter mixtures, or their homologs, and derivatives, and in preparing the test, the hydrocarbon mixture and the standard mixture; Solvents are dissolved in benzene, the solution is The mixture is separated from the aqueous layer, after which the test mixture and a mixture of standard substances are passed through a chromatographic column filled with solid carrier t with a stationary liquid phase, the retention time of the components of the mixture of standard substances and the test mixture is determined. their boiling points and carbon numbers determine the number of carbon atoms, the boiling point of the components of the test mixture, and calculate the molar composition of the test mixture, according to the dependence of ignition temperatures and spraying of the components of a mixture of standard substances on their boiling points, they determine the ignition temperature and sprays of the components of the tested mixture and calculate the ignition temperatures and spraying temperatures of the tested mixture.