SU151139A1 - Pneumatic separating tool for potato harvester - Google Patents

Description

Known pneumatic separating working bodies to the potato harvester, including several conveyor belts with pneumatic cylinders located above them.

The proposed tool body differs from the known ones in that in the back of each conveyor belt there are several nozzles connected to the blower pipe of the fan through which transverse air jets are fed to the bodies moving on the bands.

In such a design of the working body, clumps of earth and stones are separated from the tubers of potatoes by the difference in their weights and air resistance coefficients.

The drawing schematically depicts a potato harvester with the proposed working body.

The proposed potato harvester consists of the following main components: plowshare 1; bar elevator 2-; fan 5 with nozzles 4; a number of narrow (maximum potato tuber width) endless transport belts 5, scraped with scrapers 5; a guide device consisting of rubberized guides 7, which are coupled with a high frequency oscillatory motion from a vibrator (not shown); associated with the guides of the vibrating rollers 8 and the press-in air bellows 9.

When the harvester moves in a potato field cleared of tops, the earth layer is cut by the ploughshare / and fed to the bar elevator 2. At the moment of transfer of the bed from the plowshare to the elevator

No. 151139

tearing of the layer with the destruction of the earth into separate pieces and the release of potato tubers from the earth. This process continues with the elevation of a mixture of tubers and lumps of earth by an elevator, during which the earth sifts into the meleda gaps.

From a bar-type elevator, the mixture is fed to a series of narrow mites 5 placed at some distance from each other. At the point of dropping from the bar elevator, the gaps between the ribbons are blocked by guides 7, along which obstructed potato tubers, lumps of earth and stones roll into mites.

The mites 5 are given a concave cross-sectional shape (in order to pass them upward along the rollers 10 of the corresponding profile), therefore small and medium tubers will roll down to the bottom of the tape and be laid down so that their pentrum of gravity occupies a lower position, and this is possible the location of the major axis along the belt.

Before leaving the guiding device, the tubers and lumps of earth fall under the pressurized cylinders, whose purpose is to change the shape of the lumps of earth.

Separation of potato tubers from stones and earth lumps occurs, firstly, by the impact of airflow from the nozzles 4 on the tuber, directed in a horizontal plane perpendicular to the movement of potatoes, and, secondly, by swaying the combine in a transverse plane as it moves along the field.

When the tape moves, tubers, earth clumps, stones alternately fall into the air stream moving in the direction perpendicular to the belt movement, while tubers trapped in the air stream are dropped from the narrow belt between the belts and into the bunker 11, and the earth clumps and the stones are removed from the air stream and dumped onto the ground.

Subject invention

A pneumatic separating tool for a potato harvester, comprising several conveyor belts with pneumatic cylinders over the pimi, characterized in that, in order to separate lumps of earth and stones from potato tubers due to the ratios of their specific weights and air resistance factors, at the rear of each conveyor belt There are several nozzles connected to the blower pipe of the fan, through which transverse air jets are supplied to the bodies moving on the belts.