SU1505811A1 - Device for automatic control of wheel brake in accordance with running conditions - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to automatic control devices for vehicle wheel brakes. The purpose of the invention is to increase the braking efficiency. The device, which includes an anti-lock unit, which generates a control signal at the output when excessive wheel slip occurs and reduces it, by rapidly reducing the pressure of the working medium in the brake cylinder 22, the brake pressure to prevent the wheel lock (knockout) is equipped with a maximum value adjustment unit necessary for the implementation of emergency braking of the pressure of the working medium in the cylinder 22. The adjustment unit contains a comparison unit 20 with two outputs, one of which through The ILM 23 entrant acts on an outlet valve 24 communicated with a cylinder 22 and another through a BAN 25 element on an inlet valve 26. Comparison unit 20 compares the signal values from the pressure sensor 21 and the signal generated by the adder 18, to the inputs of which through functional converters 17, 19, signals are received from the sensor 16 of the vehicle loading and the circuit 6 for selecting the highest angular velocity signal of the wheels. The adjustment unit on the control input of the BANCH element 25 is turned off by the anti-lock unit in the event of a danger of wheel locking by the brakes. 1 il.

Description

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The rotor unit, which generates a control signal at the output when excessive wheel slip occurs and at the same time decreases, by rapidly reducing the pressure of the working medium in the brake cylinder 22, the brake pressure to prevent the wheel from locking (skidding), is provided with an angle of adjustment of the maximum value for the implementation of emergency braking of the working medium P to the cylinder 22. The adjustment unit contains a comparison unit 20 with two exits, one of which through the OR 23 element acts on the outlet second valve 24, so14

communicated with cylinder 22, and the other, through the prohibition element 25, onto the inlet valve 26. Comparison unit 20 compares the signal values from the pressure sensor 21 and the signal produced by the adder 18, to the inputs of which, via functional converters 17, 19, signals from the load sensor 16 a vehicle and a circuit 6 for selecting the largest of the wheel speed signals. The adjustment unit at the control input of the BANCH 25 element is turned off by the unlocking unit in case of a danger of wheel blocking by the brakes. 1 il.

The invention relates to the means of automatically controlling the brakes of vehicles by varying the pressure of the working medium in the brake cylinders of the wheel brake in accordance with the characteristics of the current driving conditions of the vehicle and can be used in brake systems, mainly in railway transport.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the braking efficiency.

The drawing shows a block diagram of the device.

The device for automatically adjusting the wheel brake according to the conditions of movement contains sensors of angular velocity signals 1, connected to independently rotating wheels of the vehicle, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the substitution unit 5 with all the wheels and the selection of the 6 greatest angular velocity signals wheels, and the output of the block 5 is also connected to one of the inputs of the circuit 6.

The output of sensor 1 of the controlled wheel is connected to the first (subtracted) input of the first adder 7, to the second (summing) input of which is connected the output of circuit 6 of the largest of the signals, to the third (summing) input - output of the pulse generator 8, and to the fourth ( to the subtractive) - the output of the integrator 9 connected by the input

with the release of the first threshold element 10.

Input of the first threshold element

10 connected to the output of the first adder 7. The output of the sensor 1 of the speed of the controlled wheel through a serially connected differential

11 and the discriminator 12 is connected to the first control input of the coincidence circuit 13 producing a user signal. The output of the first threshold element 10 through the delay element 14 is connected to the second input of the matching circuit 13, the third input of which through the second threshold element 15 is connected to the output of the selection circuit 6 of the largest signal. The output of the vehicle loading sensor 16 is connected via the first functional converter 17 to the first input of the additional adder 18, to the second input of which through the second functional converter 19, which reproduces the dependence of the controlled wheel on the speed, is connected to the output e of the circuit 6 for selecting the largest of the angular velocity signals of the wheels. The output of the additional adder 18 is connected to the first input of the three-position comparison unit 20, to the second input of which the sensor 21 in the brake cylinder 22 is connected with its output.

The output of the coincidence circuit 13 and the inverse output of the three-position comparison unit 20 are connected to the inputs of the element OR 23, the output of which is 3

gaH with an electrical inlet of the outlet valve 24 and control of the inlet of the ZLPRR T 25 element. The direct output of the three-POSITIONAL unit 20 of the valve is connected to the information input of the BANE element 25, the output of which is connected to the electrical inlet of the inlet valve 26 connected to its air inlet with the air distributor (not shown), and the outlet, along with the outlet of the exhaust valve 24, with the brake C1-SPINNER 25.

The device works as follows.

When the vehicle is moving, the sensors 1-4 of the signals of the angular speeds of the wheels produce signals proportional to the values of the angular velocities of the wheels. In replacement unit 5, a reference signal is generated corresponding to the angular velocity of reduction of the wheel rotation without skidding. Scheme 6 of the selection of the largest of the signals reveals the maximum of the signals from sensors 1-4 and replacement unit 5. This signal is fed to the first adder 7, where the signal from the angular velocity sensor 1 of the monitored wheel and the signal generated at the output of the integrator 9 are subtracted from it. The adder 7 summarizes the pulses from the generator 8. When the first threshold element 10 is triggered, delay element 14 is activated and does not transmit the incoming signal to the coincidence circuit 13 during the delay time T required to trigger the actuator (brake cylinder). Simultaneously with the signal of the first threshold element 10, an integrator 9 is turned on, generating a rising voltage, which reduces the difference in signals at the output of the first adder 7 and turns off the first threshold element 10. At the same time, delay element 14 is also turned off. The signal at the output of the integrator 9 starts to kill, the first threshold element 10 is turned on again by the signal of the first adder 7, repeating the described operation cycle of the device when the vehicle is moving without skidding. The integration rate is chosen equal to the highest possible rate of change of the signal difference at the output of the selection circuit 6 of the highest signal and sig11

Nala sensor 1 pr) dongs kplss without yuz. The time T1de1-) of the delay element 14 is set to the maximum duration of the signals from the threshold threshold element 10 at the highest rate of increase in the difference between these signals in the absence of a signal.

At the same time, when moving (as in the station), the vehicle loading sensor 16 generates a signal proportional to the vehicle mass (load;) of the vehicle l fed to the first functional transducer 17 for reproducing the functional dependence of the loading force on the load correction the load brake and the re.-alizukdky set coupling relation in the load function, which determines the level of the maximum (in the absence of UT) pressure in the brake cylinder of a particular brake system when gchnyh zpgruzke and vehicle speed. The dependence of the required pressure change in the brake cylinder when the driving speed changes forms the second functional transducer 19 for reproducing the functional dependence of the traction force on speed (speed correction for speed). Additional output

A signal corresponding to the load and speed corresponding to the brake cylinder pressure necessary for full (emergency) braking is generated from the mmator.

vehicle movement.

The three-position comparison unit 20 has a direct output acting through the information input of the prohibiting element 25 to the inlet valve.

26, and an inverse output acting through the OR element 23 on the exhaust valve 24, the control signal at the forward output of the three-position comparison unit 20 appears in

the case where the signal is required

(from the output of the additional adder 18) the pressure is greater than the signal of the actual (from the sensor 21) pressure, while at the inverse output the signal

equals zero. When the signal of the required pressure is less than the signal of the actual pressure, the signal appears at the inverse output of the block 20, and disappears on the forward one.

signals of the required and actual pressure signals at both outputs of the block 20 are missing. In the absence of braking, the pressure in the brake cylinder 22 and the signal at the output of the pressure sensor 21 are zero. As in this case, the signal from the high adder 18 is larger than the signal from the pressure sensor 21, from the output of the three-position comparison unit 20 through the BANNER 25 element, open on the control, m / input, input t includes the inlet valve 2c, and: brake cylinder 22 communicates with the air distributor or other pressure source.

Since, in the absence of deceleration, the output of the circuit 13 coincides with no signal (VU), then the OR element 23 at the output also has zero level, the exhaust valve 24 remains closed, and the LETTING element 25 transmits an enable signal for the intake valve 26.

During braking, in the absence of a skid, the pressure of compressed air from the diffuser enters through the inlet valve 26 into the brake cylinder 22.

In the case of adjusting braking (in the absence of Vuch), the pressure in the brake cylinder 22 is set to equal to the specified air distributor, while the inlet valve 26 remains on and the outlet valve 2A is closed, since the signal from the sensor 21 remains less than the signal of the required pressure from the output of the additional adder 18.

When full (or emergency) braking is set, the pressure in the brake cylinder increases and the signal from sensor 21 increases as it compares to the signal of required pressure, the signal at the direct output of unit 20 becomes zero and the inlet valve 26 also closes. When the motion conditions change, the signal of the required pressure at the output of the additional adder 18 changes. When it decreases, the three-position comparison unit 20 changes the state of the inverse output. The input of the element OR 23 receives a signal, turns on the control of the element BANGE 25, prohibiting the activation of the inlet

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The first valve 26 and the filling of the brake cylinder 22. At the same time, the element 23 turns on the intake valve 24 and the pressure in the brake cylinder 22 decreases to the required one, after which the exhaust valve 2A is re-charged. With other changes in motion conditions, the signal of the desired pressure, for example, increases and becomes larger than the signal of the actual pressure. Pgi this v -.-. To 20 Srag; - 1 en changes the output strategy: its inverse Bf-stroke nullifies (in the absence of a user) the OR / element and removes the prohibition signal, and the direct output through the information input of the GAL ET 25 element turns on the intake yentyl 26. The pressure in the brake cylinder 22 rises until it reaches the required, which the direct outlet of block 20 also ate, zeroed and the increase stopped.

Thus, when braking in the absence of Vuza, the pressure in the brake cylinder 22 is established in accordance with the conditions of movement; loading the vehicle at its speed.

When the vehicle brakes, if the user develops a value, the difference between the signals at the outputs of circuit 6 and sensor 1 increases with a speed greater than the integrating integration integrator speed 9. Therefore, when the signal at the output of the first adder 7 transforms the threshold level, despite the formation of an increasing signal at the output of the integrator 9 at the output of the first adder. 7 continues to increase and the first threshold element 10 is stably in the on state. Upon expiration of time T from the output of the element 14 of the input delay of the circuit 13 of coincidence, a signal is received indicating that it is used.

When the wheel is slowed down, the differentiator 11 connected to the angular velocity sensor 1 produces a signal passed by the discriminator 12 to the coincidence circuit 13. At a speed of more than 10 km / h, the signal from the output of circuit 6 becomes greater than the response level of the second threshold element 15, and from the output of the latter to the input of circuit 13, the signal also arrives. When signals from the discriminator 12, the delay element 14 and the second threshold element 15 simultaneously arrive at the inputs of the coincidence circuit 13, the control signal (presence of a signal), including the exhaust valve 24 and the closing element BANNING 25, excluding the inlet valve, is output at the output 26 (or shut it out if it was turned on by comparison unit 20),

The pressure in the brake cylinder 22 decreases, and in the transition of the wheel from slow to accelerated rotation, the sign of the derivative of the angular velocity at the output of the differentiator 11 changes, which prevents the signal from the discriminator 12 from entering the input of the matching circuit 13 until the wheel accelerates. In this case, the prohibition is lifted, and since the pressure level in the brake cylinder 22 is below the signal given by the output of the additional adder 18, the exhaust valve is turned off, and through the control input BANNER 25 through the information input, the inlet valve 26 is turned on. pressure in the brake cylinder 22 to the desired. When the state of the body reappears, the described operation cycle of the device repeats.

With a decrease in vehicle speed before stopping, the signal from the output of circuit 6 becomes less than the response level of the second threshold element 15, the signal at its output disappears and the coincidence circuit 13 closes, blocking the generation of a control signal about possible use. Here, the pressure in the brake cylinder 22 is corrected with the change in the vehicle speed.

Thus, the device allows pressure in the brake cylinder to be set in accordance with the load and speed of the vehicle, provides an anti-lock braking cycle, increases the amount of pressure on the brake pads with the anti-regulator, and does not lead to its frequent operation and depletion of the brake system.

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An apparatus for automatically adjusting the wheel brake according to driving conditions, comprising a brake cylinder, inlet and inlet valves connected to it, connected to independently rotating wheels of a vehicle, sensors of angular speeds of wheels, a replacement unit with simultaneous all wheels, which inputs cocCff: to outputs sensors, circuit more: For the largest of the sipgals, angular growths, to the inputs of which the outputs of the sensors and the replacement unit are connected, the first adder, to the first input of which you are connected the stroke of the angular velocity sensor of the wheel being monitored; to the second — the output of the circuit of the highest signal; to the third — the output of the pulse generator; which is communicated with the sensor of the angular velocity of the controlled wheel, and the output through the discriminator is connected to the first input of the coincidence circuit, to the second input of which, through the delay element, the output of the first threshold is connected the element and the third input of the coincidence circuit through the second threshold element is connected to the output of the selection circuit of the largest signal, characterized in that, in order to increase braking efficiency, it is equipped with a vehicle load sensor, two functional converters, an additional adder, a three-position comparison unit , a pressure sensor in the brake cylinder, an OR element, and a GTPL ET element, the output of the load sensor being connected to the input of the first functional unit that reproduces the set The second dependence of the coupling force on the load connected with one of the inputs of the additional adder, the second functional unit that reproduces the specified dependence of the coupling force on the speed is connected by an input to the output of the extraction circuit of the largest signal, and the output to the second input of the additional adder, output

h150581112

which is connected to the first input output is connected to an electrical

the three-position comparison unit, the inlet valve inlet and the second inlet connected to the outbound BAN element input through the

the pressure sensor, the OR element, the first of which the second output of the three position input is connected with the output of the circuit of the same comparison unit is connected to

second, with one of the output of the electrical input of the inlet vent-positional unit of comparison,

Claims (1)

Claim A device for automatically adjusting the wheel brake according to the driving conditions, comprising a brake cylinder, intake and exhaust valves connected to it, wheel speed signal sensors connected to independently rotating wheels of the vehicle, a replacement unit while simultaneously using ALL WHEELS, WHICH SOCIAL INPUTS: 'H: '! | 'with the outputs of the sensors, a circuit for extracting the largest of the angular velocity signals, to the inputs of which the outputs of the sensors and the equivalent unit are connected, a first adder, to the first input of which the output of the angular velocity sensor of the monitored wheel is connected, to the second - the output of the circuit for extracting the largest signal, to the third output pulse generator, and by the fourth - the output of the integrator, connected by the input to the output of the first threshold element, the input of which is connected to the output of the first adder, a differentiator, the input of which is communicated with the sensor the global speed of the controlled wheel, and the output through the discriminator is connected to the first input of the match circuit, to the second input of which the output of the first threshold element is connected via the delay element ^ and the third input of the match circuit through the second threshold element is connected to the output of the largest signal extraction circuit, characterized in that, in order to increase braking efficiency, it is equipped with a vehicle loading sensor, two functional converters, an additional adder, a three-position unit m comparison, the pressure sensor in the brake cylinder, the element OR and the element BAN, and the output of the load sensor is connected to the input of the first functional unit that reproduces the specified dependence of the adhesion force on the load, the output associated with one of the inputs of the additional adder, the second functional unit that reproduces the specified dependence traction force versus speed, is connected by the input to the output of the largest signal extraction circuit, and by the output - to the second input of the additional adder, the output of which is connected to the first input of the three-position comparison unit, the second input associated with the output of the pressure sensor, the OR element is connected to the output of the matching circuit as the first input, the second to one of the outputs of the three-position comparison unit, and the output is connected to the electrical input of the outlet valve and controls the input of the element BAN, ' through 5 which the second output of the three-point comparison unit is connected to the electrical input of the intake valve.