SU1497015A1 - Line for forming, drying and charging ceramic articles - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to equipment for the production of building materials and can be used in factories for the production of ceramic products. The invention makes it possible to increase productivity and reduce metal consumption by automating the operations of completing items for the firing set. The line for shaping the drying and setting of ceramic products is equipped with a picker 10 in the form of a coaxially mounted conveyor 17 for unloading dry products from a reducing machine, a conveyor 18 for unrolling, a conveyor 19 for grouping products with a programming device, a conveyor 20 for loading empty frames into an elevator 12, an empty frame accumulator with a cutting stop and an automatic control system for the picker with control units, with the order picker 10 being located between the dry weight reducer and the empty frame elevator. 1 hp ff, 8 ill.

Description

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The invention relates to equipment for the production of building materials and can be used in factories for the production of ceramic products.

The purpose of the invention is to increase productivity and reduce metal consumption by automating the operations of completing items for the firing set.

FIG. 1 shows a line, a plan view; in fig. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 is a view B in FIG. one; in fig. 4 is a view of B in FIG. 2; in fig. 5 is a view of FIG. one; in fig. 6 shows the programming device when the card is compiled for the “leg of the baking package, side view; in fig. 7 is a top view picker; in fig. 8 is a diagram of card formation control units.

The molding line, the molds and the set of ceramic products contain a screw press 1, an automatic machine 2 for cutting and stacking products on existing frames, conveyors 3 for transporting frames, elevators 4 empty frames, elevator 5 frames with raw products, loading carriage 6, dried 7, an empty carriage 8 with empty frames, a descendant of 9 frames with dry products, a picker 10, an automatic machine 11, an ele- ment of 12 empty frames and a line control system 13.

Worm screw 1 is designed to form a bar using an extrusion method.

The automatic machine 2 for cutting and stacking products on the frame is designed for cutting a shaped bar into products and stacking products on the frame that comes from the conveyors 3 for transporting the frame. The conveyors 3 for transporting the frames are designed for supplying empty frames from the descender 4 and feeding the loaded frames to the elevator 5. The downer 4 is intended to dispense the empty frames to the conveyors 3 for loading, and the elevator 5 to accumulate the frames loaded with raw products.

The loading trolley 6 serves to remove the package of loaded frames from the elevator 5 at the product loading area, transport this package and install it into the dry 7, as well as unload the dried goods from the dry 7, transport and install them into the reducer 9 at the picking area and load the goods.

Sushchila 7 performs the operation of the product storage at sectional loading with raw products and unloading dried products. The discharge carriage 8 serves to remove the empty frames from the elevator 12 at the picking area and load the products, transport them and install them in the reducing body 4 at the molding site.

The reducing device 9 of the dry product frames is designed to receive 6 frames with products from the feed carriage and transfer them to the picker 10.

The picker 10 serves to receive from the descaler 9 frames with dry products.

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preliminary spreading them out to form product cards, to form product cards for the removal of an automatic gardener, to accumulate empty frames in groups and to transport 12 empty frames to the elevator.

The elevator 12 empty frames serves to receive groups of cohesive empty frames from the order picker and a set of empty frames.

The line control system 13 performs the operations of automatically controlling the mechanisms included in the line.

The loading 6 and unloading 8 trolleys are installed on rail tracks 14 mounted on the front of the train 7, elevators 5, 12 and descenders 4, 9.

Trolleys 6 and 8 have self-propelled fork-cars 15, which are mounted on rail tracks. The same rail tracks 16 are mounted in a truss 7 and in the areas of entrance to elevators 5, 12 and depressors 4, 9.

Picker 10 is located between the descender 9 dry products and the elevator 12 empty frames.

The picker 10 consists of coaxially mounted: a conveyor 17 unloading dry products from a reducing agent 9, a sliding conveyor 18, a product grouping conveyor 19, a conveyor 20 loading empty frames into elevator 12, and an automatic control system for the picker.

The conveyor 17 unloading of dry products is used to receive from the reducing device 9 frames with dry products: 5 and transporting the frames with dry products from the reducing device 9 and transfer the frames to the conveyor 18 of the extension.

Spreading conveyor 18 serves to extend the frames with the products, transport them to the grouping conveyor 19 and collaborate with this conveyor on the desired program of forming a product map.

The grouping conveyor 19 is designed to form product cards according to a program with different gaps between product rows in the cards.

The empty frame loading conveyor 20 with accumulator 21 serves to receive empty frames, accumulate cohesive frames into groups and load groups of frames into elevator 12.

The conveyor 17 (Fig. 7) consists of a drive 22, an electromagnetic clutch 23, a drive shaft 24 with sprockets 25, carrier branches 26 and tension sprocket 27. On the conveyor 17 a sensor 28 is mounted to monitor the presence of frames with products in the reducing device 9 and The sensor 29 monitors the presence of frames on the conveyor 18.

Sliding conveyor 18 (FIG. 7) consists of an electromagnetic clutch 30, a driven shaft 31 with sprockets 32, carrying branches 33 and sprockets 34. The drive of the conveyor 18,

for example, it is carried out from the drive of the grouping conveyor 19 through the gear 35. The drive of the conveyor 18 can also be made individual if necessary.

On the conveyor 18, a sensor 36 controlling the position of the frame at the beginning of the formation of gaps between the frames is mounted at the junction with the conveyor 19.

The grouping conveyor 19 (Fig. 7) consists of a drive 37, an electromagnetic clutch 38, a drive shaft 39 with sprockets 40, a gear 35, carrier branches 41, sprockets 42, a programming device 43.

A programming device 43 (Fig. 3, Fig. 4) is mounted between the supporting branches 41 and consists of a drive 44, a lever parallelogram 45 with the front 46 and the rear 47 levers. On the front ends of the levers 46 on the hinges 48 there are installed rocker arms 49, which have pads 50, and a leveling stop 51 connected to the rockers. On the rocker arm 49 and its upper part, the limiter 52 of the rocker arms is fixed, and on the lower part of the rocker arm 49 the upper arm 52 rocker position. At the ends of the rear levers 47 mounted hinged limiting product stop 54.

On the receiving part of the conveyor 19 (Fig. 7), the sensor 55 for controlling the position of the frames at the end of the formation of the gap between the frames with products when forming the card, the sensor 56 for monitoring the position of the front border of the formed product card is mounted, and below the conveyor - the sensor 57 for the lower position of the lever side lelogram 45.

The empty frame loading conveyor 20 (FIG. 7) consists of a drive 58, an electromagnetic clutch 59, a drive shaft 60, sprockets 61 and 62 bearing branches 63, between which in the middle part of the conveyor 20 a drive 21 of the empty frames 64 is mounted.

The drive 21 consists of a drive 65, a swing frame 66 mounted on a hinge support 67, carrier legs 68 mounted loosely on rotating blocks 69, 70, 71, and a cut-off stop 72 fixed on the turn frame 66.

On the conveyor 20 (Fig. 2) a sensor 73 is installed to monitor the presence of cohesive empty frames on the receiving part of the conveyor 20, a sensor 74 controls the number of cohesive frames on the accumulator 64 of the conveyor 20, a sensor 75 controls the free zone of the elevator 12 empty frames.

The line automatic control system 13 (Fig. 1) includes a power supply 76, an automatic control system 77 of the forming section, and a picker automatic control system.

The system of automatic control by the picker 10 (Fig. 2) consists of a block 78 for controlling the feeding of frames with dry products, a block 79 for controlling the formation of a card, a block 80 for controlling the loading of empty frames. The system contains sensors 28, 29, 36; 55, 56, 57, 73, 74, 75, timers 81, 82, program counters 83, 84 and generates control signals to turn on and off the drives of the downer 9, the unloading conveyor 17, the unrolling conveyor 18, the grouping conveyor 19, device 43, the conveyor 20 loading empty frames, drive 21, the Elevator 12.

The unit 78 for controlling the supply of frames with dry products is electrically connected to the sensor 28 for monitoring the presence of frames in the blender, sensor 29 for monitoring the presence of frames on the unrolling conveyor belt and, using signals from these sensors, controls the operation of the electric motors for the actuator 9 and the unloading conveyor 17.

The card formation control unit 79 (Fig. 8) consists of a block 85 for controlling the beginning and end of the gap formation cycle between the frames, the signal switching unit 86, the sliding drive conveyor control unit 87, grouping and programming device, the output amplifiers and switches.

Block 79 is electrically connected with sensors 36, 55, 56, 57, timers 81, 82, software counters 83, 84, and signals in accordance with predetermined algorithms, generates control signals for turning on and off timers 81, 82, software counters 83, 84, as well as for controlling the electric motors of the drives of the conveyors of the separation valve 18, the grouping 19, and the programming device 43.

The empty frame loading control unit 80 is electrically connected to the sensors 73, 74, 75 and is designed to generate control signals for turning on and off the electric motors of the conveyor drive 20 for the empty frame loading, accumulator 64 and elevator 12.

The control unit 85 controls the beginning and end of the gap between the frames (Fig. 8) and consists of inverters 88, 89, I-NE elements 90, 91, 92, and Memory 93, 94 elements and is designed to control the moment of appearance of the frame from the product on the sensor 36, generation of control signals for the timers 81, 82, the program counter 83, the drive control unit 87 of the sliding conveyors 18, the grouping 19, and the programming device 43.

The signal switching unit 86 includes AND-NE elements 95-104 and, depending on the state of the program counter 84, the number of formed cards on the grouping conveyor 19 and the state of the counter 83 of the number of frames with products on the grouping conveyor, for connecting signals from sensors 55, 56 , timers 81, 82 to the unit 85 controlling the beginning and end of the cycle of forming a gap between the frames and to the unit 87 controlling the drives of the conveyors of the unrolling, grouping and programming device.

The drive control unit 87 of the slide-out, grouping and programming device conveyors includes AND-NE elements 105-112, Memory elements 113, 114, and is intended to generate control signals to the inputs of the signal switching unit 86 and the output amplifier and switch unit 88.

The output amplifiers and switches 115 consist of signal amplifiers and electromagnetic starters and are designed to connect AC and DC voltages to the drives of the slide-out, grouping and programming devices.

A timer 81 for controlling the minimum gap between the frames with the products counts the time for which the frames with the products are moved by the grouping conveyor 19 to a distance equal to the minimum allowable gap between the frames.

A timer 82 for controlling the maximum gap between the frames with the products counts the time for which the frames with the products by the grouping conveyor 19 are moved a distance equal to the maximum allowable gap between the frames.

The program counter 83 of the number of product racks on the grouping conveyor is designed to determine the number of product frames that came from the sliding frame conveyor 18 to the grouping conveyor 19 and determines the end of the operation to form the main card.

The program counter 84 of the number of formed cards on the grouping conveyor is designed to determine the type of card (leg or main card), issue signals to the signal switching unit 86 and the garden control system (conventionally not shown).

An example of the implementation of an automatic picker control system is shown in FIG. 2, an example of a card formation control unit 79 is shown in FIG. eight.

In system 21 and block 79, for example, the following sensors and elements can be applied.

As sensors for monitoring the frames, the positions of the mechanisms, non-contact limit switches of the type KVD, KVP, etc. can be accepted. In the above system, when the frame or mechanism acts on the sensor, its output signal takes a value equal to the log. “O (hereinafter“ O ”signal), in the absence of air

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action - log. “1 (hereinafter referred to as signal“ 1).

As program counters 83, 84 of the number of frames with products and the number of formed cards on the grouping conveyor, step finders or counters based on the elements of the Logic-I system can be used.

In the above system, for example, the program counter 83 of the number of frames with products on the grouping conveyor changes its direct output signal from "O to" 1 only after the last frame of the formed card enters the grouping conveyor, the program counter 83 of the number of formed cards on the grouping conveyor at its direct output, when forming the main card, it has the signal “1, and at the“ leg, the signal “O.

As timers 81, 82 to control the minimum and maximum gaps between the frames, the elements of time delay I-301 of the “Logic-I.

In the example of execution, the following was adopted: the output signal of the timer 81 to control the minimum gap between the frames with the products until the timer is on and for a given time delay is equal to "1, after the end of the delay" O, and the output signal of the timer 82 to control the maximum gap between The frames with the products until it is turned on and in the continuation of the specified time delay is equal to "O, after the termination" 1.

As logical elements of control units 78, 79, 80 for feeding dry products, forming a card, loading empty frames, respectively, elements 2I-NOT, 4I — NOT type I-103, I-104 can be used, and NOT elements of type II can be used as inverters. -101 of the system "Logic-I.

Lini works as follows.

The beam formed by the press 1 is cut by the automaton 2 into the products 116, which are placed on the existing frames 117. The descent frames 64 for placing the products are fed from the elevator 4 to the post of the automaton 2 installation by the conveyor system 3 of the frames. The loaded frames with the same conveyor system 3 are transported to the elevator 5. The elevator 5 collects the vertical frame package with the raw products 116. The operator on the loading carriage 6 drives the self-propelled fork car 15, which removes the frame package from the elevator 5 and the same trolley 15 transports a package of frames with raw goods on a rail track 16 to a loading cart 6. The operator, controlled by a loading cart 6, but the rail track 14 moves the package of frames loaded with raw products to a free section She came to power 7, then fork truck 15, also

controlled by the operator, slides off the loading trolley 6 along rail tracks 16 located in dryer 7, transports a package of frames with products to the dryer and installs them on the shelves of drying 7.

The operator-controlled trolley 15, returned to the loading trolley 6. The operator loading the drying section 7 with the dried products 116 with the same loading trolley 6, transforms and installs the package with the frames with the dried products into the reducer 9 (dried 7 in connection with the sectional design, they can be simultaneously loaded with frames with raw products, drying previously loaded products and unloading.

The downer 9 with step-by-step downward motions alternately sets the groups of frames with the products onto the receiving part of the conveyor 17, located in the zone of the reducer 9, i.e., on the floor, and the branches 26 of the conveyor 17.

The conveyor 17 mixes a group of frames with products from zone 9 of the reducer and transfers the frames with the products to the supporting branches 33 of the unrolling conveyor 18, which, due to greater speed than the conveyor 17, transports the frames with the products and spreads them out.

The conveyor 18 transmits the extended frames with the products to the grouping conveyor 19, to its supporting branches 41. The conveyor 19 transports the frames with the products to the saddle machine 11 zone and automatically forms a map for the charge during transportation.

The automatic saddler 11 removes the formed product map from the bearing branches 41 of the conveyor 19 during its stopping and

installs on the kiln car.

The empty frames by the conveyor 19 are transported to the conveyor 20, whose carrying branches 63 transfer the empty frames to the store 21. The drive 21 unites the empty frames and then lowers the cohesive frame group again onto the supporting branches 41 of the conveyor 20. The conveyor 20 loads the empty frames into the elevator 12 The second operator of the unloading trolley 8 removes the empty frames from the elevator 12, transports them and installs them in the reducing machine 4.

The sequence of operation of the conveyors 17, 18, 19, 20, as well as the programming device 43, the accumulator 21, the descender 9 and the elevator 12 is determined by the automatic control system 21 by the setter 10.

The system of automatic control by the collector 10 provides for several programs of operation of the conveyors 17, 18, 19, as well as the activation of the programmer 43.

First, a map for the legs of the firing stack, i.e. a card in which the gaps between each p

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These products are formed due to the spreading pattern of the frames with the products on the separation conveyor 18 and the grouping conveyor 19, while the sizes of the gaps between the rows of products on the frames are monitored by sensors 36 and 55, and the final map position, i.e. , sensor 56. In this case, the lever parallelogram 45 n rocker arms

The component set 43 is in the lower position, and on the conveyor 19 a map is formed with single, i.e. non-doubled rows of articles. In this case, the programming device 43 does not work. At the command of the sensor 56, the conveyor 19 stops and the saddle machine 11 removes the map for the legs.

When forming the main, i.e., consisting of doubled series of products, maps for the firing stack, at the command of the sensor 56 and the block 79, the programming device 43 is activated. During the transport by the conveyor 19, the frame with the products with the front edge acts on the sensor 56 and at the same time it is braked by the limiting stop 54, and the command to turn on the drive 44 of the programming device 43 is also given. At a moving conveyor 19, the drive 44 rotates the lever parallelogram 45, i.e. the front 46 and rear 47 pivot points Steps in the upper position so that on the legs of the bearing pad 41 okazyvayuts

The rail 49 is 49, and the leveling abutment 51 is below the level of the support arms 41.

Secondly, in the course of movement of the conveyor conveyor O1 19, the product frame turns, pressing the pad 50, around the hinge 48, the rocker 49 upwards so that the leveling stop 5 meets the products on the third frame and brakes them on branches x 41, and the product on the fourth along the movement the frame is abutted against the products on the third frame, and the conveyor 19 stops.

Thus, two are formed on the conveyor 19. doubled rows of products on the pairs of spaced apart frames, forming the main map for the firing package (stack).

In the process of forming the map, the leveling abutment 5 and the hinged limiting abutment 54 align the products on the frames.

After the main card has been formed, the saddle machine 11 removes it with the same grip as the card for the leg and sets the main card to the leg. The number of operations on the formation of the main map continues until a set of full firing pile is completed, and each time the main regular map is formed, the lever parallelogram 45 moves upward through the command of sensors 56 and 57.

After each cycle of map formation, the empty 118 carriers carry 41 branches.

fan 19 are transported to the bearing branches 63 of the conveyor 20 to the zone of action of the accumulator 21, i.e. to the carrying branches 68 of the accumulator 21, which in the initial position are turned upwards relative to the branches m 63. When moving along the frame branches turned upturned m under the pressure of the branches 63 are rallied, while the branches 68 move under the pressure of the empty frames on blocks 69, 70, 71 and transport the cohesive row of frames to the sensor 74, which commands the drive 65 to rotate the frame 66. The drive 65 rotates down the frame 66 from the branch mi 68 around the hinge 65 and sets up a cohesive group frames again on branch 63, which transport framework 12 to the elevator group.

When the frame 66 is rotated, the cut-off stop 72 delays the arrival of the frames on the branch 68 and forms a gap between the incoming empty frames and the frames grouped on the accumulator 21.

The clustered frames are conveyed by conveyor 20 to elevator 12, which picks up a stack of frames for removal by the unloading carriage 8.

The cycle of the line is repeated.

The automatic control system of the picker 10 operates as follows.

If there are frames with products in the substitute 9, the subtractor performs a step-by-step downward movement. The frames act on the sensor 28, the unloading conveyor drive 17 is turned on and the product frame moves to the sensor 29. If the drive of the unrolling conveyor 18 is not turned on, then when the frame acts on the sensor 29, the drive of the unloading conveyor 17 is turned off. If the conveyor 18 was turned on, then the conveyor 17 works in conjunction with it, regardless of the state — vmH of the sensor 29. The drives of the lower 9 and the unloading conveyor 17 are controlled by the dry product supply control unit 78.

With the help of the card formation control unit 79, several modes of operation of the drives of the splicing conveyors 18, grouping 19 and the programming device 43 are provided depending on the type of the formed map: a map for the legs or a main map of the firing stack. The map view is determined by the program counter 84 of the number of formed cards on the grouping conveyor 19. The counter 84 changes its state after each removal of the card from the grouping conveyor by the saddle machine 11.

When dialing a card for the legs, the conveyors 18, 19 work together. As the frames with the first items move along the frame, the frame 36 acts on the sensor 36 and further is supplied by the grouping conveyor 19 to the frame position sensor 55 at the end of the gap formation. However, if

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the next frame acts on the sensor 36 earlier than the previous one releases the sensor 55 with its back edge, then the spreading conveyor 18 will stop and the grouping conveyor 19 continues to work. After the frame has been exposed to the sensor 55 and released from the frame, the conveyor 18 is switched on again. The conveyors 18, 19 work together. If during further operation the frame received from conveyor 18 on conveyor 19 acts on sensor 55, and then releases it earlier than the frame behind it reaches sensor 36, then the grouping conveyor 19 will stop and the spreading conveyor 18 will continue to work. When exposed to the frame located on the stretcher conveyor, the sensor 36 again activates the drive of the conveyor 19 of the grouping. As a set of frames on the conveyor 19 grouping the first along the frame acts on the sensor 56, and then releases it. At this point, the card formation control unit 79 generates a signal for stopping the grouping conveyor.

At the same time, from block 79, a command is sent to the control system of the saddle machine 11.

After removing the card from the conveyor 19 of the grouping by the gardening machine 11, the program counter 84 changes its state and through the signal switching unit 86 to the drive control unit 87 of the separation conveyor, grouping and programming device, timers 81 and 82 are connected (to control the minimum and maximum gaps between frames on the grouping conveyor 19) and the drive of the programming device 43. In this case, the main map of the firing stack is formed. When the frame passes through the sensor 36 using the block 85 monitoring the beginning and end of the gap formation cycle between the frames, the programmed counter 83 of the number of frames on the grouping conveyor 19 is switched and the timers 81, 82 are turned on. If, after passing the first frame along the frame of the sensor 36, the next frame acts sensor 36 is earlier than the time counted by timer 81 to monitor the minimum gap between the frames, the conveyor 19 stops and the conveyor 19 continues to work. After the end of time counted by timer 81, the conveyor 18 is turned on again.

If the next frame acts on the sensor 36 after the end of the time specified by the timer 81, but before the end of the time specified by the timer 82, then the slide-out conveyor 18 and the grouping conveyor 19 work non-stop.

If, after passing the frame of sensor 36, the frame next to it does not affect sensor 36 and extending the time counted by timer 82 to control the maximum gap between the frames, then the grouping conveyor 19 stops and the spreading conveyor 18 continues to work.

When the next frame acts on the sensor 36, the conveyor 19 is again switched on. Subsequently, when forming the map, the sequence of operation of the separation and grouping conveyors is determined by the situations listed above.

As the main card is formed on the grouping conveyor 19, the frame 56 acts on the sensor 56, turns on the drive 44, and lifts the lever parallelogram 45. After passing through the sensor 36 of the last frame of the map being formed, the output value from the program counter 83 the number of product frames on the grouping conveyor is reversed; the grouping conveyor 19 after the end of time counted by timer 82 to control the maximum Zor required for cohesive framework to products, is stopped, and a machine-Sadchikov control system 11 is supplied a signal of completion operations Forming a card. After the card is removed by the sadder 11, depending on the output signal of the program counter 84, the next card is formed, i.e. the operation cycle repeats.

The automatic control of the operation of the drives of the conveyors 20, the accumulator 21 and the elevator 12 is carried out by the empty frame loading control unit 80 (see FIG. 2), which receives signals from the sensor 73 controlling the presence of cohesive frames at the receiving part of the loading conveyor 20, the input 74 control the number of frames on the drive 21 and the sensor 75 control of the free zone of the Elevator 12.

If there is a free zone of the elevator 12, the conveyor drive 20 is turned on and the empty frames are fed to the drive 21. The front frame, after a set of cohesive frame sets, acts on the sensor 74, the drive turns down, lowers the group of frames down the branch 63 of the conveyor 20, which transports the frames to the elevator 12 When the frame is exposed to the sensor 75, the conveyor drive 20 is turned off, and the elevator 12 drive is turned on. The elevator, with its shelves, removes a group of empty frames from the loading conveyor, the sensor 75 is released and the drive of the conveyor 20 is turned on again. After releasing the sensor 74 from the framework, the accumulator 21 is rotated to the upper position. If during loading the frames on the receiving part of the loading conveyor there is a series of cohesive frames, which is controlled by the sensor 73, the grouping conveyor 19 stops. As the sensor 73 is released from the frame, the conveyor drive 19 is turned on.

The principle of operation of the signal switching unit 85 (see FIG. 8).

When forming a card corresponding to the “leg” of the firing package (stack), the signals “come from the inverse output of the program counter 84 of the number of formed cards to one of the inputs of the elements 101, 102, 103 of the signal switching unit 86, and from the direct output of the counter 84 to one From the inputs of elements 97, 99, 104, signals "0." In this case, at the output of elements 97, 99, 104, regardless of the values of the signals at their other inputs, respectively, coming from timers 81, 82 and the element "Memory 114, there are signals" 1. The values of the output signals of the elements 101, 102, 103 depend on the value of the signals ("1 or" O) at the other inputs of these elements. The outputs of elements 101, 102, and 103 determine the output signals of elements 98, 100, 103 of switching unit 86, arriving at the inputs of the corresponding elements of block 85 at the beginning and end of the gap formation cycle, drive control unit 87 when dialing a leg card. In this case, from the output of element 99 to the input of element 95, the signal “1. Therefore, regardless of the value of the output signal of the program counter 83 of the number of frames on the grouping conveyor, from the output of the element 96 to the input of the element 108 is fed "1.

When the main card is formed, the firing packet from the direct output of the counter 84 to one of the outputs of elements 97, 99, 104 are sent signals "1", and from the inverse output of the counter 84 to one of the inputs of elements 10, 102, 103 signals are received "O. In this case, the output signals of elements 101, 102, 103 do not depend on the value of the signals at their other inputs, and the output signals of elements 97, 99, 104, and therefore the elements 98, 100, are determined by the value of the signals at the other inputs of elements 97, 99, 104, i.e., from the signals of the timers 81, 82 and the element "Memory 114. The output signal of the element 96 in this case depends on the value of the output signal of the timer 82 to control the maximum gap between the frames.

The principle of operation of the block 85 controls the beginning and end of the cycle of forming a gap between the frames.

When moving the conveyor of the slide 18 and grouping 19, the frame with its front edge acts on the sensor 36 and its output signal "O through the inverter 89 as a signal" 1 is fed to one of the inputs of elements 90, 91. Since at this moment the element "Memory 94 is turned on, then at the other input of the element 91 there is a signal "1. The presence of the signals "1 on all inputs of the element 91 leads to the inclusion of the element" Memory 93. At the same time, the signal "1 from the inverse output of the element" Memory 93 is fed to one of the inputs of the elements 92, 94. As the conveyors 18, 19 continue to move, the frame sensor 36 frees with its back edge. From the last output, the signal “1.

At the same time, the existence of the signal element 92 at both inputs of the signal "1 leads to the activation of the element Memory 94, from the direct output of which the signal O arrives at the input of the element 91, thereby preventing the formation of the enabling signal at the input of the element Memory 93 until it is turned off element "Memory 94. The signal" 1 from the inverse output of the element "Memory 94 is fed to the input element 105 of the drive control unit 87 and to the enabling inputs of the program counter 83 of the number of frames on the grouping conveyor and timers 81, 82. The counter 83 changes its state niya counting the number of frames arriving on the grouping conveyor 19, and timers 81, 82 the time it takes for the frame to move the conveyor 19 to the distance equal to the minimum and maximum gaps between the frames, respectively. From this moment on, the gap between the frames starts forming. The end of the cycle of forming the gap between the frames occurs in the case when at the output of the element 90 there is a signal “O. Since software counter 83 changes its output signal from "1 to" O only after the grouping of the last frame with items for the main card appears on the conveyor 19, up to this point one of the inputs of the elements through the inverter 88 will output the signal 98 "1 may occur in two cases: after the time set by timer 81, if the main card is formed, or after the back edge of the frame passes through sensor 55 at the end of the gap between the frames, if the card for the" leg "is formed.

Under the conditions that the last grouping arrived on the grouping conveyor (the signal “b” from the counter 83 goes) and the timer 81 expires (the signal “1” from the inverter 88 if the main card was dialed) or the previous frame passed the sensor 55 when the legs were formed at the moment the next frame acts on the sensor 36 at the third input of the element 90 also the signal "1" is shown. The simultaneous existence of signals "1 on all inputs of element 90 leads primarily to the deviation of the element" Memory 93, then 94. Then, with a frame on the sensor 36, the signals "1, the element "Memory 93 is switched on and a new cycle of forming gaps between the frames will start.

In the case of forming the main card after passing the last frame through the sensor 36, the output signal of the counter 83

takes the value "U, the formation cycle is not interrupted, which is ensured, regardless of the state of the sensor 36 (whether or not there is a frame on it), the operation of the grouping conveyor 19 during the time specified by the timer 82 to form the maximum gap, which is necessary to unite the frames with products mi.

The principle of operation of the drive control unit 87 of the separation conveyor, grouping and programming device.

When the automatic control system is put into operation at the initial moment from the output of the element “Memory 94 of the block 85, the signals including the“ O ”come to the including inputs of the timers 81, 82, as well as to one of the inputs of the element 105. One of the inputs of the element 107 is also given a signal "O from the element of the switch block 86. The presence on one of the inputs of the elements 105, 107 of the signal “O results in the appearance at their outputs, and consequently, at the inputs of the elements 106, 108 of the signals“ 1. The two other inputs of the element 108 from the elements 96, 103 of the switching unit also receive signals "1.

This leads to the fact that there are "O" at the outputs of elements 106, 108, which are inclusive signals for output amplifiers and switches (conventionally not shown) of block 115. The drive of the conveyors of the slide 18 and grouping 19 and the frame are moved to the sensor 36. After passing the frame through the sensor 36 includes the item "Memory 94 of block 85, timers 81, 82, and program counter 83 changes its state.

Depending on the state of the programm counter 84, which determines which card (for legs or main) must be dialed, two variants of operation of control unit 87 are possible.

When the card is dialed for the legs, the control unit 87 is connected through the switching unit 86, electrically connected to the frame position monitoring sensor 55 at the end of the gap and the front and back frame position monitoring sensor 56 at the end of the map formation.

With the passage of the sensor 36, the frame with the articles by the conveyor 19 of the grouping moves to the sensor 55, and the frame next to it by the conveyor 8 of the slide extends to the sensor 36.

If the next frame reaches the sensor 36 earlier than the previous sensor 55, then all the inputs of the element 105 will simultaneously receive the signals "1", which will lead to the disconnection of the drive of the conveyor 18 of the slide.

The presence of the signal "1 on the two inputs of the element 105 is due to the fact that when the gap formation cycle is started (from the output of the element 94, the signal" 1 arrives "), the sensor 36 has a frame (from the output of the inverter 91 it sends" b).

Since the previous frame did not pass the sensor 55, from the output of the software element, through the elements 101, 108 of the switching unit, the third input of the element 105 is fed with "1. When the expansion co-ceiver is stopped, the grouping conveyor continues to operate, since from the output of the element 111 to one of the inputs of the element 107 through the elements 102, 100 of the switching unit 86 a signal "O" is transmitted. At the moment when the front face of the frame acts on the sensor 55, the element “Memory 113” is turned on, and after the sensor 55 is released, the back edge of the frame from the output of the element 110 through the elements 101, 98 sends the signals “O” to the corresponding inputs of the elements 105, 98. The presence of the "O at the input of the element 105 will turn on the drive of the conveyor of the slide 18, and the presence of the signal" About the input of the element 98 will turn off the elements of the Memory 90, 113, 94, after which a new cycle of forming the gap between the frames will begin, and the conveyors of the sliding and grouping will work together.

Ideally, when the rear edge of the sensor frame 55 and the rear edge of the sensor frame 36 behind it are simultaneously released, which is possible if there is a gap between the frames of the required clearance, the spreading conveyor and the grouping conveyor will work together without stopping.

If the frame with its back edge releases the sensor 55, and the frame next does not reach the sensor 36, then the signals ах 1 will simultaneously appear on all inputs of the element 107, which will cause the drive of the grouping conveyor 19 to be turned off. The presence of "1 at the inputs of the element 107 due to

but due to the lack of a framework on

sensor 36, from its output to the corresponding input of element 107, sends a signal "1, and since the frame has released sensor 55, then from the output of element 111 through elements 102, 100 to another input of element 107 also enters" 1. When the grouping conveyor 19 is stopped, the spreading conveyor 18 continues to work, since the output of element 110 is given a signal "O through elements 101, 98 of switching unit 86, to the input of element 105. At the moment the next frame acts on sensor 36, the elements of" Memory 93 , 94, 113. Spreading and grouping conveyors continue to work together. Subsequently, the sequence of operation of the separation and grouping conveyors is determined by the size of the gap between successive frames and is carried out according to the above mentioned options.

As the frames move along the grouping conveyors along the frame, the frame acts on the sensor 56. The “Memory 114” element is turned on. When the frame 56 is released, the signals “1.

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This will result in the appearance of a signal “O at its output. This signal is fed through an inverter 114 and element 103 to one of the inputs of element 108, which causes the group conveyor 19 to stop. At the same time, a signal is supplied to the garden control system (not shown).

When the main card is recruited through the switching unit 86, the outputs of the timers 81, 82 are connected to the drive control unit of the sliding conveyor, grouping and programming device 87. After passing through the sensor 36 frame, the timers start. The output signal "1 timer 81 through the elements 97, 98 is fed to one of the inputs of the element 105, and the output signal" About the timer 82 through the elements 99, 100 is fed to one of the inputs of the element 107. To the other input of the element 105 from the element "Memory 94 The signal "1."

If the next frame on the sensor 36 is earlier than the time specified by timer 81, then all three inputs of the element 105 will simultaneously receive the signals "1. At the output of this element, the signal "O and the drive of the separation conveyor 18 is turned off, and the grouping conveyor 19 will continue to operate. After the time set by timer 81, the signals "b" appear on all inputs of element 89, which leads to switching off the elements "Memory 93, 94 and switching on the drive of the conveyor 18 of the slide." Both conveyor 18 and 19 work together. At the same time, the elements "Memory 93, 94" are turned on and a new cycle is started to form a gap between the frames.

If the frame 36 arrives at sensor 36 after the time specified by timer 81 has expired, but before the time specified by timer 82, the signals O and both conveyors 18 and 19 will continue to operate without interruption at the outputs of elements 105, 107.

If at the end of the time specified by timer 82 on the sensor 36 the frame is not turned on, then the signals "1" will be simultaneously on both inputs of the element 107 and the grouping conveyor 19 will stop. When the next frame appears on sensor 36, the “Memory 93, 94” elements will be turned off and the grouping conveyor 19 will be turned on again. The cycle for the formation of gaps between the frames with the products will be repeated.

After the first frame of the formed card is affected by the sensor 56, the element “Memory 114” is turned on, at the inputs of the element 104 there are signals “1” at its inputs, and at its output - a signal “O.” The drive of the programming device 43 will turn on and the lever parallelogram 45 will turn up.

When the last frame of the formed map arrives at the Conveyor 19 grouping from the output of program counter 83 to

one of the inputs of the element 96 receives the signal "1. Therefore, in this case, after the time specified by timer 82 has elapsed, from the output of element 96, one of the inputs of element 108 will receive a signal "O, the drive of the grouping conveyor will be disconnected.

The automaton automation system signals the end of the card formation cycle.

The use of the proposed automated line for molding, drying and setting of ceramic products will allow the complex to automate the manual operations currently performed on ceramic plants with traditional drying technology on frames in chamber dryers for unloading products from the drying frames after drying and charging for kiln cars.

Picking cards for charging directly on the drying frames without prior removal from the product frames will reduce the number of mechanisms used for this purpose, which are usually used in the traditional picking of cards in auto matic lines for new ceramic factories.

The use of the proposed technical solution makes it possible to increase productivity by reducing the number of transfer operations and reducing material consumption by reducing the number of mechanisms included in the line.

Claims (2)

1. Lines of molding, drying and setting of ceramic products, containing a screw press installed in a technological sequence, an automatic machine for cutting and placing products on drying frames, frame transportation conveyors, elevators of empty frames and raw products, dry products and empty frames, loading carts, dried , automatic saddle and automatic control system, which, in order to increase productivity and reduce metal consumption by automating the assembly of items for charging, for firing, the line is equipped with a picker in the form of a coaxially mounted conveyor for unloading dry products from a reducer, a stretching conveyor, a product grouping conveyor with a programming device, an empty frame loading conveyor to the elevator, an empty frame accumulator with a cut-off stop, and an automatic control system for the complete set of blocks with blocks management 0 five 0 five 0 five 0 five 0 supplying frames with dry products, controlling the formation of a card, controlling loading of empty frames, program counters for the number of frames with products on the grouping conveyor and the number of format cards, while the order picker is located between the dry product reducer and the elevator of the empty frames, and the programming The device is made in the form of a lever parallelogram, on the front ends of which are rotating in the vertical plane the levers of which are equipped with swinging rocker arms with platforms, leveling support and on the rear x ends - hinged limiting stop. 2. Line according to claim 1, characterized in that the automatic control system of the picker includes sensors for monitoring the presence of frames with products in the reducing device and at the unloading part of the conveyor for unloading dry products, the sensor for monitoring the position of the frame at the beginning of the gap between the frames, located at the junction slide-out and grouping conveyors, frame position monitoring sensor at the end of the gap between the frames, located on the receiving part of the grouping conveyor, timer to control the minimum gap between the frames, timer to monitor the maximum gap between the frames, the sensor for monitoring the front edge of the formed product map, the sensor for monitoring the presence of cohesive frames on the receiving part of the loading conveyor, the sensor for monitoring the number of frames on the drive, the sensor for monitoring the free zone of the receiving part of the elevator, and the end of the formation of the gap between the frames, the sensor of the control of the front edge of the formed product maps, timers, | | I monitor the minimum and maximum gaps between the frames and with the products, software counters of the number of frames on the grouping conveyor and the number of generated cards are electrically connected to the corresponding inputs of the card forming control unit, in addition, the corresponding outputs of the card forming control unit are electrically connected to the timer inputs to control the minimum and maximum gaps between the frames with products, a software counter for the number of frames on the grouping conveyor and drives for the sliding partitions, grouping, and programming device drives va.  / V "Figl 58 I 65 I w t 118 51 View 6 54 Y / Fi.d // 69 68 118 66 CJ and  . 49 55 FIG. five Compiled by V. Kosarev Editor A. DolinichTechred I. VeresKorrektor L. Patay Order 4382/19 Circulation 519Subscription VNIIPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk emb. 4/5 Production and publishing combine “Patent, Uzhgorod, ul. Gagarin, 101 FIG. eight