SU1495358A1 - Method of chemical dehydration and desalination of oil - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the processing of oil, in particular, its dehydration and desalting. Oil is treated with a non-ionic demulsifier - diurethane of a common f-ly: [R ₂ -C ₆ H ₄ O- (C ₃ H ₆ O) _A - (C ₂ H ₄ O) _B-C (O) NH] ₂ -R ₁ , where R ₁ is toluene or hexylene, A = 10-39, B = 5-45, B / A = 0.3-1.9, R ₂ = C _4-12 -alkyl. These demulsifiers provide for 80 min sludge [at a concentration in the oil of 100 10 ^-6 %] a greater degree of water removal at 20 ° С, i.e. to 97% versus 96%, with a residual water content of 0.8 vol.% versus 1.9 vol.%. 10 tab.

Description

The invention relates to a method of chemical dewatering and desalting of oil with urethane-based demulsifiers.

During the extraction of oil from underground deposits, mainly oil emulsions are supplied to the earth's surface, which are mixtures of such liquids that do not dissolve in each other, like oil and water. Water is distributed in the oil in the form of the smallest droplets. In this case, the emulsion is so stabilized by the natural emulsifiers in it, which are concentrated at the interface, which makes it impossible to economically separate these two phases using a simple settling process.

To demulsify such emulsions, in addition to simple dehydration by heating to 80 ° C and centrifuging or applying electric voltage fields, surface-active compounds — demulsifiers, which are added in small quantities to the stationary or current emulsion, as well as non-inorganic ones, are used. surfactants.

The products of the exchange reactions of ethylene oxide-propylene oxide-blocko- are known. polymers or mixtures of water-soluble and water-insoluble polyalkylene glycols with aliphatic or aromatic diisocyanates (German patent No. 1127082, class 39 C 6 1966, application of German state No. 1495827, class 39 B 22/04, 1973),

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as well as products that are obtained as a result of a joint exchange reaction of ethylene oxide-propylene oxide-block polymers or oxyalkyl alkylphenol resin with dicarboxylic acids or their anaprides, such as diglycolic acid and maleic anhydride (US Pat. No. 3,226,214, cl. 252-342 , 1966 and No. 3202615, CL 252-342, 1966). The variety of demulsifiers is determined by the location of the raw material, as well as the fact that each product has a high demulsifying ability only when processing emulsions of a limited group of oils with specific physicochemical properties of both the oil itself and the emulsified water. The variety of de-emulsifiers is also a consequence of various processing parameters of the processing of water-oil emulsions, such as treatment temperature, hydrodynamic parameters of the oil flow in the installation, etc.

Some demulsifiers show maximum demulsifying ability during heat chemical treatment at processing temperatures of 30 s and above, other demulsifiers show activity during cold processing of oil at temperatures below 30 C.

Thus, demulsifiers have a selective demulsifying ability, which requires the development of a specific range of chemical reagents, which differ in both chemical composition and the structure of their molecules.

Oligomeric urethanes (German Federal Prospectus No. 2059707, class 23 B 1/05, 1973) are obtained by the reaction of 1,2-propylene oxide-ethylene oxide copolymers with diisocyanates.

Such demulsifiers are also known (German Patent No. 1642825, Cl. 12 d 1/02, 1972 or U.S. Patents 3,640,894, Cl. 252-344, 1971) as products of the exchange reactions of diisocyanato with adducts from mixtures of polyethylene glycols and hydrophobic acids. polyalkylene glycols or ethylene oxide adducts for water-insoluble

polyalkylene glycols and condensation products of bifunctional monoalkylphenols having o- and p-membered or branched alkyl groups with aldehydes, in which the free hydroxyl groups subsequently react with epoxides.

The disadvantages of the known substances are their complex composition and technologically labor-intensive production, which includes numerous reaction stages, as well as their unsatisfactory fissioning effect on carboxylic oils and difficult-to-split oil emulsions at low temperatures.

The purpose of the invention is to obtain demulsifiers for highly efficient Dehydration and desalting of oils, which satisfactorily reduce the content of water and salts and operate at temperatures below 30 ° C, should be environmentally friendly, applicable to various types of oil and have a simple production technology.

Example 1. The demulsifying ability of the reagents of the proposed demulsifiers is determined on oil emulsions of GDR fields with a water content of 55% by volume. The demulsifiers are introduced as 1% solutions in a mixture of isopropanol and xylene by volume ratio (3: 1), respectively.

Corresponding demulsifiers are placed with a micropipette into two mixing cylinders, and an oil emulsion with a temperature of 20 ° C is added to a volume of 100 mp. Thereafter, the emulsion is subjected to grinding in a liter for 20 s on a shaking machine and placed in a water bath at a constant temperature of 20 ° C. After a certain time, the amount of separated water is determined and recalculated as a percentage of the initial amount of water in the emulsion.

The following demulsifiers are examined: diurethanes obtained from toluene diisocyanate and isononylphenyl nylpolyglycol ether, of the general formula

Rt-C6H40- (C, HbO) q - () j, -CONH-R, -NHCD- (C2H40) b- (C, HgO) q-OCgH -R

where Rj is iononyl; R, is toluene;

(one)

a .37.6 and b 13.6 (demulsifier 1);

a 23.2 and b 9.1 (demulsifier. tor 2); a 22.1 and b 33.0 (demulsifier 3); a 13.5 and b 22,8 (demulsifier 4),

as well as a high performance cold emulsifier taken for comparison, used in industry (demuls

5) with the trade name Dis Solvan 4468.

The results are presented in Table 1.

Example 2. The demulsifying capacity is determined according to example 1, only with an emulsion from another well (oil density 0.8373 g / ml) after 24 hours of settling.

The results are presented in table 2.

Example 3. The demulsifying ability is determined according to example 1, only with an emulsion from another well (oil density 0.8305 g / ml, 50 vol. Of water) after 4 hours of settling.

The results are presented in table 3.

Example A. Investigation in the preparation of fresh emulsions of coal-bearing oil from the fields of the USSR (oil density 0.8520 g / ml, viscosity at 20 ° C 10.13 cP).

Mixing time of emulsion with demulsifier 10 min. The mixing is carried out with a Wagner mixer at 60 rpm at.

For comparison, take the demulsifier 6, (demulsifier E 304 p) from Japan.

The results are presented in table 4.

Example 5. Investigation as in example 4 with a demulsifier 7 taken for comparison, also successfully used in the processing of this oil (de-emulsifier Se-password 5084, BASF).

The results are presented in table.5.

Example. 6. According to Example 4, studies were carried out on Soviet mixed Carbon-Devonian oil (oil density 0.873 g / ml, emulsion density 0.9571 g / ml, viscosity at 38.3 centipoise, water content J26% by volume).

The demulsifying ability is determined not only at 20 ° C, but also at. Mixing duration

The method of chemical dehydration and desalting of oil by treating with non-ionic dismulgator based on diurethanes, characterized in that, as a de-emulsifier, diurethanes of the general formula are used.

neither an emulsion with a de-emulsifier ROS ,, () q - () b-CONH-R, -NHCO- (OCjH4) - (OC5Hg), - OC6H4-Ri where RI is toluene or hexylene ;. B / a 0.36-1.9;

a 10-39; Rj - aliphatic residue with 4-12

b 5-45; carbon atoms.

60 С

The pressure is at 20 ° C for 30 minutes, and at 10 minutes. The speed of the shaking machine is 120 movements with an amplitude of 6-7 cm. For comparison, the most efficient demulsifiers used in the industry in the processing of this oil, the emulsifiers 8-10, are presented.

The results are presented in table 7. Example 7. The study as in example 4 with a comparison of the demulsifier 11, which was obtained

oligomerization of 4 mol of 1,2-propylene oxide-ethylene oxide block polymer (mass mole is 6000, with 20.6 units of propylene oxide and 109 units of ethylene oxide) and 3 mol of toluene diisocyanate.

The results are presented in table.8. For the separation of emulsion water, the demulsifier 3 is 1.32 times more effective than the demulsifier 11.

Example 8. According to example 4, studies were carried out on the dehydration and desalting of mixed coal-bearing and Devonian oil (density

oil 0,868 g / ml, the density of the emulsion

0.9580 g / ml, viscosity at 20 ° С - А8.3 сП, water content 32% with other demulsifiers). The time of mixing the emulsion with the demulsifier at

20 C 30 min. The rate of mixing in a vibration machine is 120 strokes / min - at a; mplitud 6-7 cm. Diuretans obtained from diisocyanate and alkylphenyl polyglycol ether and answering the general formula (1) with RX, Ri, b listed in table.9. As a comparative demulsifier. use the demulsifier 9.

The results are presented in table 10. Form LA inventions

The method of chemical dehydration and desalting of oil by treating with a non-ionic dismulgator based on diurethanes, characterized in that diurethanes of general formula are used as a de-emulsifier

14953588

Table 1

20 50 20 50 20 50 20 50

71.7 73.7 82.6 97.2 85.7 98.6

table 2

T a b l: And c a 4

78.0 90.9 84.6 97.2 88.5 00

80.0 92.7 85.3 97.2 90.3 100 83.8 99.1

Dissolvan 4490, Hoechst

ten

Separol 5014, BASF

1495358

10 Table 5

6 mol of ethylene oxide propylene oxide-block copolymer (3900) with 5 mol of toluene diisocyanate

Oligomeric urethane from oxethylated alkylphenol formaldehyde resin oligomerized through toluene diisocyanate with propylene oxide-ethylene oxide block polymerization

Table 7

eleven

1A95358

1 2 Table 8

Claims (1)

The method of chemical dehydration and desalting of oil The invention relates to the processing of oil, in particular its dehydration and desalting