SU1489611A1 - Pneumatic sowing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of sowing of ellipsoidal seeds. The pneumatic sowing machine includes a seed bin 1, a housing 2 with a seed chamber 3. Between the seed chamber 3 and the vacuum chamber, there is a sowing disc 4 with suction holes 5 vertically positioned. The apparatus also includes a tedder 6, a reflector 7 excess seeds and a resetter 8. The resetter 8 is made in the form of a spatial wedge with a smooth curved surface 9, resting on the plane of the sowing disk 4 with the toe and the rear part, provided with a protrusion 10 for forming between the ejector 8 and the sowing disk 4 in the zone with dew seed dew, increasing from nose to back in the direction of travel of the ejector 8. Seeds by gravity flow from bunker 1 to seed chamber 3, where under the action of the vacuum created in the vacuum chamber, the range of which is determined by the angle a, the seeds stick to the seed holes 5 disk 4. The suction seeds fall sequentially into the zone of the reflector 7 extra seeds and then the dropper 8. 3 Il.

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FIG. one

1489611

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The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to pneumatic sowing apparatus seeders.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of sowing of ellipsoidal seeds.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed sowing apparatus, side view; in fig. 2 is a view A of FIG. one; in fig. 3 - seed resetter, general view.

The pneumatic sowing apparatus includes a seed bin 1 (Fig. 1), a housing 2 with a seed chamber 3 and a vacuum chamber (in Fig. 1, the apparatus is shown with the cover removed, in which the vacuum chamber is located). Between the seed chamber 3 and the rarefaction chamber, there is a sowing disk 4 vertically located with suction holes 5. The range of the chamber ^ rarefaction is determined by the angle a. The apparatus also includes a tedder 6, a reflector of '7 excess seeds, and a resetter 8 (Fig. 1-3). The tripper device 8 is made in the form of a spatial wedge with a smooth curvilinear working surface 9 resting on the plane of the sowing disc 4 with the toe and the rear part, provided with a protrusion 10 for forming between the plane 11 of the tripper device 8 and the sowing disk 4 in the zone of dumping the seed slit 12 (Fig. 2) . The size of the slit 12, increasing from the toe to the rear of the ejector, is adjusted with screws 13. The ejector 8 is spring-loaded with respect to the plane of the sowing disc 4 by the spring 14. On the body 2 of the apparatus, the ejector 8 is fixed with a pin 15.

Pneumatic sowing apparatus operates as follows.

Seeds by gravity flow from the hopper 1 into the seed chamber 3, where iodine is created by the action of a vacuum created in the vacuum chamber, the area of which is determined by the angle a, the seeds stick to the suction holes 5 of the sowing disk 4. The sucked seeds are removed from the seed chamber 3 and fall successively into the zone of action of the reflector of 7 excess seeds and then into the zone of the diverter 8. A part of the seeds is sucked to the holes 5 of the sowing disc with 4 nozzles, i.e. they are arranged vertically or at different angles to the plane of the seed disc 4.

The dropping of seeds into the opener with the ejector 8 takes place as follows. Seeds moving to a place. reset, smoothly come into contact with the toe of the resetter 8 and begin to slide along the working curvilinear surface 9 of the spatial wedge. At the same time, regardless of the orientation, the seeds deviate in the direction of discharge into the vomer. Jammed

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in the suction holes 5, the seeds are rotated, which leads to a weakening of their retention in the suction holes 5 of the disk 4. Then the suction holes 5 fall into the vacuum overlap zone and at the same time the seeds continue to bend in the direction of discharge. The seeds are dropped at the intersection of the trajectory of the suction holes 5 with the bend line formed by the intersection of the surface of the spatial wedge 8 and the plane 11 of the ejector 8. At the same time, the seeds are sharply bent in the direction of the drop and are pulled into the slot 12. The seeds are dropped into the vomer by the following factors : turning the seeds in the suction holes 5; overlapping the vacuum to the suction holes 5; sharp bending of seeds in the direction of discharge into the opener; impact of gravity and centrifugal force. With an increase in the speed of rotation of the sowing disc 4, the quality of work of the resetter 8 does not change. The smooth separation of the seeds from the suction holes 5, which are guided into the furrow by a curvilinear smooth surface 9 of the resetter 8, improves the accuracy of the discharge. The ejector 8 does not have contact with the plane of the sowing disc 4 in the zone of seed dumping, which eliminates the injury of ellipsoidal seeds. The slit 12 increases from the toe of the diverter 8 to the rear part in order to prevent seizure of seeds in it at the entrance, at the beginning of the contact of the free ends of the seeds with the working surface 9, and also to prevent clogging of the slit 12 in the drop zone. The size of the slit 12 due to the presence of the protrusion 10, which is adjustable in height by screws 13. The tripper 8 is spring-loaded relative to the plane of the sowing disc 4 by the spring 14 and fixed to the housing 2 with a pin 15.

Claims (1)

Claim A pneumatic sowing unit, including a seed bin, a housing with a seed chamber and a vacuum chamber, between which a sowing disc with suction holes, a tedder, a reflector of excess seeds and a seed resetter, spring-loaded relative to the sowing disc and having a smooth curvilinear working surface, characterized by that, in order to improve the quality of sowing seeds of an ellipsoidal shape, the seed resetter is made with a ledge to form between its working surface and the sowing dis- lump, increasing from its toe to the back along the rotation of the disk part and adjustable in height with screws mounted on the ledge. 14U'-C; Type A FIG. one Fig.Z