SU1484946A1 - Rock-breaking device - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to mining equipment and is intended for the destruction of strong rocks with improved reliability when using high-energy drive. A cylindrical housing with a combustion chamber contains a piston. The latter is connected to the shock

The invention relates to mining equipment and is intended for the destruction of hard rock.

The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability when using high energy drive.

FIG. 1 shows the device section; in fig. 2 - an example of the device of a corrugated shirt,

The device for destruction of rocks includes a cylindrical body 1 with a combustion chamber 2 and a piston 3 connected to the impact head 4 by means of a rod 5, which is attached to the piston using any movable unit, for example a spherical hinge 6. The latter is fixed tightly by a cover 7 with a thrust heel 8 response to him form. Inside the cylinder 1, the piston 3 is tightly connected along the line of its connector with the guide cup 9 by a heat-resistant elastic corrugated jacket 10, and the jacket can be made of elastic disks 11, clamp 2

head through the rod, which is attached to the piston through a spherical hinge. A guide cup (HC) separated by a spring and a branch pipe, in which a rod is placed, are connected with the housing. Between the piston and the NA placed elastic corrugated shirt. The NS has two belts of rollers for interaction with the bar. The fuel mixture is prepared outside the device and fed into the combustion chamber, where it ignites. The piston accelerates the impacting head, which strikes the rock at the outlet of the nozzle. The rebound of the piston and another shock stroke extinguished rings elastic shirt. This prevents idle operation. To restart, it is necessary to perform the stop pipe in the face. 2 hp f-ly, 2 ill.

rigid rings 12 (Fig. 2). Glass 9 is equipped with at least two Belt rollers 13 located around the rod 5 and in contact with it, for example, through 120 °. The free flange 14 of the cup 9 is also equipped with at least three guide rods 15 with the possibility of free movement in it with some constructive clearance without sealing. The outer ends of the rods 15 are rigidly fixed to the flange 16 of the pipe 17, located coaxially with respect to the rod 5.

Pressing springs 18 are located between flanges 14 and 16.

One of the rods 15 of the second end is hinged on the yoke 19, which is attached to the flexible rod 20.

Thrust 20 second end secured to

the handle of the fuel valve 21 of the fuel injection system. Simultaneously on this grip

fixed movable part of the contact

disconnector 22 ignition system.

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On the cylinder 23 of cylinder 1 there is a fuel-charging chamber 24, the cavity of which is connected by pipe 25 through valve 21 to the fuel supply network 26, and along the axis coinciding with the axis of cylinder 1, a core fuel valve 27 is mounted in the cavity of chamber 24. The valve body 27 passes through the entire chamber 24 and the head 23 is hermetically sealed and provided with a spring 28 fixing the valve 27 in the normally closed position of the cavity of the chamber 24 relative to the combustion chamber 2.

The outer end of the valve body 27 is equipped with a second contact disconnector 29 of the fuel mixture ignition system, while the electric ignition circuit closes through the air gap between the electrodes of the ignition plug 30.

The housing 1 is provided with an exhaust channel 31 and an annular receiver 32, the receiver being connected in the cylinder piston zone by channels 33 and a channel 34 connected to an external compressed air compressor (not shown) through a pneumatic crane 35, the handle of which is also connected to the burden 20.

In the off position, the piston 3 under the action of the elastic jacket 10 is located near the guide cup 9, the pipe 17 is pressed by the springs 18 from the cup 9; traction

20 is weakened, which causes the normally closed position of the pneumatic cock 35, the fuel valve 21 and the normally open position of the contact disconnector 22 in the ignition circuit. The second disconnector 29 is normal. closed, and the valve valve 27 tightly closes the channel connecting the cavity of the chamber 24 from the combustion chamber 2.

When summing up the device using attachments (not shown) to the rock wall and pressing on it with the end face of the nozzle 17, the thrust 20, turning, turns the arms of the pneumatic tap 35 and the fuel valve

21 and closes the electrical ignition circuit. However, while in the combustion chamber there is no fuel mixture. Compressed air fills the receiver 32 and the piston chamber of cylinder 1, pushing outside the elastic rings of the jacket 10 and moving the piston 3 behind the exhaust channel 31 toward the combustion chamber 2, which the piston already reaches by inertia, as the compressed air begins to flow freely through the exhaust 31. the internal cavities between the ribs of the shirt suck atmospheric air through the gap between the rod 5 and the guide glass 9.

At the end of the reverse stroke of the piston 3, the latter rests against the head of the valve 27 and opens the ignition circuit and simultaneously admits a highly compressed fuel mixture into the combustion chamber 2, which sharply slows down the piston with a massive executive rock-breaking organ.

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The fuel mixture is prepared outside the device in any known manner. Its pressure in the chamber 24 is 6-8 MPa, but the temperature of the mixture should be below the temperature of self-ignition. This is achieved by pre-spraying liquid fuel or injecting gas fuel into pre-compressed and cooled air.

Under the influence of the fuel mixture pressure, the piston 3 starts to move in the opposite direction and with the ignition circuit electric disconnector 29 closing, the fuel mixture ignites after closing the valve 27 in the cylinder 23. The force of the spring 28 keeps it in the closed position, although the pressure in the combustion chamber 2 can reach 50-60 MPa.

The working body is accelerated in the direction of the bottom, the wall of which abuts the pipe 17, and the shock head 4 at the end of the path of the piston 3 strikes a rock at the exit of the pipe 17. As a result, a destruction funnel is formed, corresponding to the impact energy. If the diameter of the funnel is greater than the diameter of the pipe '17, the latter is automatically pushed into it by the action of the springs 18. This leads to a weakening of the thrust 20 and, accordingly, to the closure of the valves 35 and 21 and the opening of the ignition circuit. The closure of the pneumatic tap 35 weakens the effect of compressed air in the receiver 32, part of which is consumed during a reverse leakage through the piston rings to purge through the exhaust 31, which prevents the piston 3 from squeezing the valve 27.

But even in this case, if the rebound of the working member reaches sufficient energy, the intake of gas fuel into the combustion chamber does not provide a working cycle due to the absence of ignition. The low-energy piston 3 can perform another shock stroke, which is quenched by the rings of the elastic jacket 10 and the air cushion formed between its rings. If we assume that the rebound will occur again with energy sufficient for another opening of the valve 27, in the chamber 24 there will already be no pressurized fuel mixture and the device will stop completely.

To restart, it is necessary to move the device deep into the funnel, to stop the nozzle 17 in the new area of the face, after which the cycle repeats.

The use of the invention allows to automate the shock process of destruction of an array using high drive energies of the order of 200–300 kJ and high frequencies of the strikes. The design of the downhole feeder of the device can ensure its continuous forward movement following the formation of a crater of destruction to a certain depth. AT

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this part of the way forward, the frequency of impacts can practically reach 180–200 per 1 min, which ensures high destruction performance by applying a large amount of energy to the destroyed array. At the same time, in automatic mode, reliable protection against single shock is provided, which could easily destroy the device.

Moving the rod to the piston allows you to unload the piston rings from dangerous stresses when the rod bends during operation within the design gaps in the guide cup 9, and the two belts of the rollers 13 allow you to perceive most of the bending loads on them, which also increases the reliability of the device.

The elastic jacket ensures that the piston is cocked in the presence of gaps between the rod and the glass, increasing during operation of the device.

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Claims (3)

Claim 1. Device for the destruction of rocks, containing a cylindrical body with a combustion chamber, placed in the pipe 5 and a guide cup with a shock head, fuel feeding, ignition and fixation systems, kinematically connected with the nozzle, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability when using high drive energy, it is provided with a spring and a piston housed in the housing and connected with the rod by means of a hinge, and the spring is placed between the guide cup and the nozzle. 2. Device by π. 1, different 15 in that it is made with an elastic corrugated jacket placed between the piston and the guide glass. 3. The device according to and. 2, characterized in that it is made with at least two belt skating rinks on the guide glass 2θ to interact with the rod. nineteen 9 1484946 Phage.2