SU1484601A1 - Automatic line for group machining of work - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field

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machine tool industry "The purpose of the invention is the expansion of technological capabilities - the possibility of processing several component sizes on one line." The automatic line includes sorting devices 1, rod conveyors and accumulators 2-5, overload mechanisms 6-9, horizontal endless chain conveyors 10, cell recognition devices 11-15, broaching machines 17, auto operators 16, 18, conveyors 19, Conveyors 10 contain cells with coding cams, Broaching machines 17 have chain conveyors with fixtures E-satellites, on which the coding cams "19 Il" are installed

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The purpose of the invention is the expansion of technological capabilities is provided by the possibility of processing on the same line several sizes of parts about

Fig »1 shows an automatic line, a plan; Fig 2: chain conveyor with cells and cell recognition devices, plan; in FIG. 3 a section A-A in FIG. 2; in FIG. 4 a section B-B in FIG. 2; in Fig "5 - section bb in Fig" 2; in Fig "6 - section T-D 15 in Fig" 5; Fig "7 - section DD in Fig" 1; in Fig "8 is a view of E in Fig" 7; in FIG. 9, the view W in FIG. 7; in Fig "10 - section AND-And in Fig" 9; FIG. 11 shows a section K-K in FIG. 9; on 20

Fig »12 workpiece main bearing cap, plan; in fig. 13 - type L on fig "12; in Fig "1 4 - view M in Fig, 1; in FIG. 15, H in FIG. 14; in FIG. 16 — adaptation-satellite, plan; FIG. 17 is a view 0 in FIG. 16; FIG. 18 is a section through the PP in FIG. 1; FIG. 19 is a section P-P in FIG. 18,

The automatic line contains sorting devices 1, sucker conveyor drives 2-5, overload mechanisms 6-9, horizontal endless chain conveyors 10, recognition devices 11-14, 35 cells in the area of storage conveyors, cell recognition devices 15 loading workpieces in machines, auto operators 16 downloads, 40 long continuous machines 17, located along the process, auto operators 18 unloading, and conveyors 19 for transferring parts from machines to co 45 retailers,

The overload mechanisms 6-9 contain the drive cylinder 20, the bracket 21, the fork 22, the guide sleeve 23 for the fork and the guides 24 for the workpieces 25 ”Additional horizontal chain conveyors 10 contain a chain 26 with cells 27-30 mounted on it with coding cams 31 - 34, with a $$ water sprocket 35, tension sprocket 36, actuator 37, housing 38 and shaft 39 "Dogs 40 and 41 and guide rails 42 and

43 to maintain the position of the workpiece during the movement of the chain conveyor.

The devices 11-14 of cell recognition 27-30 in the zone of location of the conveyor drives 2-5 contain pivoting levers 44 - 47, axes 48, sensors 49 - 52 signals, support strips 53 and springs 54 "

The device 15 recognition cells 27-30 in the area of loading parts in the machine contain pivoting levers 55 - 58, axis 59, guide bar 60, springs 61 - 64 and sensors 65 - 68 signals. The mechanism of lifting parts from cells 27-30 on the position of loading it into the machine contains a hydraulic cylinder 69 and table 70,

'Continuous draw machines 17 contain a frame 71, two supports 72, an axis 73, two tension sprockets 74, two draw chains 75, fingers 76, satellite devices 77 80, cams 81–84, bracket 85, body 86 of the shaft support of the tension station , housing 87, carrying axis 88, levers 89 and 90, stop 91, springs 92, plungers 93, petals 94 and 95 for interaction with sensors 96 and 97 signals, bar 98, levers 99 and 100, axis 101, stops 102, springs 103, petals 104 and 105 for interaction. with sensors 106 and 107 signals and. gripper 108.for the capture of workpieces at the position of loading them into the machine from the cells of an additional chain conveyor,

• Consider the operation of the automatic line for the case of processing four sizes of machined parts included in the kit, consisting of seven parts, t, e ”requires processing four parts of one size and one part of the remaining three sizes”

The difference in the sizes of machined caps of the main bearings is that they differ in size A and B (Fig. 12 and 1 3) "

On the automatic line, the following surfaces are processed: on the first machine 17 - the surface B, on the second - the surface D, on the third (the third and fourth machines are not shown in Fig. 1) surfaces D, on even- verts - surfaces E, F,: 3 ”

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The monotony of the location of the surfaces being processed is achieved by various adaptations of satellites, i.e. covers of the same size can be installed only in their satellite device. FIG. 16 and 17 show the satellite 77 with the workpiece of size I, the surface being processed In which is facing upwards. Surface B for all sizes of parts is on the same level, since the base surfaces 109 for various sizes of parts are executed at different levels. Fixing and clamping of parts is carried out by a wedge mechanism, the wedge 110 of which, passing by, the rotatable spring-loaded lever 111 (Fig. 16) while 20 moving the satellite 77 device with chains 75, moves the slider 112 towards the workpiece and presses it to the surface 113 of the fixture- satellite 77. 25

Preliminary orientation of the part before its clamping is carried out by the stop 114. After the machining of parts, the workpiece is unclasped by moving the wedge to 110 on the unclamping by the stop 115 fixed to the machine stationary and having a bevel 116 on which the wedge 110 runs over during the passage of the satellite device 77 past stop 115 ₃₅

(Fig.16). Processing is carried out by a broach 117.

The operator loads the workpieces 25 in any order into the sorting device 1 .. For 49 sorting of the workpieces, their structural difference in size B is used, i.e. this size in all four sizes of caps Ι-ΐν is different about 45

Sorting device 1 contains strips 118, axles 119, rolling bearings 120, stop 121, stop bars 122-124, four hydraulic cylinders 125, sensors 126-127 signals, four 50 rotary valves 130, axis 131, four springs 132, plate 133 and four guiding chutes 134.

Sorting device 1 operates as follows. 55

Machined parts of any size are mounted on bearings 120, which are mounted on axes 119, ·. secured in strips 118.

Under the action of gravity, parts move in the direction of the arrow due to a certain inclination of the bearings 120 to the horizontal. Since the machined parts are of different thickness, they can only be held in a certain place, i.e. at their stops. For example, the detail of size I passes to the final stop 121, the detail of size II - to the stop bar 122, the detail of standard size III - to the stop bar 123, the detail of standard size IV - to the stop bar 124. Sensors 126-129 control the presence of parts in the bars 122- 124 and give the command to move the cylinders 125, which move the parts along the grooves 134, and rotated 90 ° they fall on the drives 2-5 and then transported to the reloading devices 6-9 (figure 1).

For guiding parts when moving along bearings 1 20 at the points of entry of parts into chutes 134, there are rotary dampers 130 mounted on axes 131 fixed in plates 133. Valves 130 return to their original position after passage of parts under the action of hydraulic cylinders 125 into chutes 134 is carried out by springs 132o

Sensors 126-129 signals only respond to a specific size of parts. For example, signal sensor 126 responds to type I parts, sensor 127 responds to type II parts, and sensor

128 - on details of type III and sensor

129 - on type IV parts. Regardless of the sequence of loading parts into the sorting device 1, they stop only at their stop. Thus, the parts are sorted by frame sizes.

When the workpiece 25 through the accumulator 2 arrives at the overload mechanism 6 and the cell 27 corresponds to this part size, which is signaled by the signal sensor 49, since the cam 31 rotates the lever 44 and moves the sensor 49 when moving the cell 27, the drive hydraulic cylinder 20, mounted in the bracket 21, raises the plug 22 upwards, which is guided by the sleeve 23, and with it the workpiece 25. When the part passes .25 through the hole of the cell 27 it

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turns the pawns 40 and 41, which, after passing the part, return to the initial position due to the springs and keep the part in the cell 27 _O

When the cell 27 is moved, the workpiece 25 retains its position in the cell due to the presence of the guide bars 42 and 43. | θ

Similarly loaded parts from drives 3-5. Sensors 49 - 52 signals can be activated respectively only by cells 27 - 30, since the cams 31-34 15

mounted on cells at different heights and interact respectively only with levers 44–47. · When moving the cells to the next step, the pivot levers 44–47 return 20 to their original position under the action of springs 54o. Thus, a certain part size can only be loaded into its cell "

At the loading position of the part in the station 25 in the area of the auto operator 16, the machined parts from the cells rise up by the hydraulic cylinder 69 and table 70 to the position shown by dotted lines in FIG. 3 ”In 30 this position, the arms of the auto operator 16 clamp the workpiece”

The size of the workpiece in this position of the tongs 108 of the auto-operator 16 is determined by the cells, the cams 31-34 of which rotate around the axis 59 one of the levers 55-58 and include one of the sensors 65-68, which are electrically connected with sensors 96, 97, 106 and 107 signals of the broaching machine 17., For reliable direction of the levers 55-58 when exposed to the cams 31-34. cells 27-30 serves as a strap 60, in which guide grooves are made at different steps in height "Levers 55-58 return to their initial position by springs 61-64" All conveyor mechanisms 10 are mounted on housing 38. Cells 27 - 30 are mounted on the chain 26, which is periodically moved to the desired step by the actuator 37 through the shaft 39 and the sprocket 35 ”. The tension of the chain 26 is carried out by an asterisk 36.

The continuous broaching machines 17 have a frame 71, on which an axis is mounted in two supports 72

73 with two asterisks 74 and two traction chains 75, on the fingers 76 of which there are devices-satellites 77-80, which are designed to clamp a specific size of the parts to be machined. "The devices satellites 77-80 on the traction chains 75 are mounted in the same sequence and in the same quantity as cells 27-30 on the chain 26 of the chain conveyor 10 "Satellite devices 77-80 differ in the depth of the socket for the workpiece" For example, the thinnest billet of type I is installed in satellite device 77, the workpiece Type II, III, IV ki are respectively in satellite devices 78 - 80 "On devices satellite 77 and 80, cams 81 and are installed at different heights. 82 "For the recognition of satellite devices 78 and 79, the cams 83 and 84 are mounted on the fingers 76 of the same pull chain 75.

The satellite device recognition device contains a bracket 85, a housing 86, a housing 87, in the grooves of which on the axis 88 there are mounted levers 89 and 90, which are in contact with the stops 91 under the action of the force of the springs 92, the force of which is transmitted to the levers by means of plungers 93 bearing on Petals 94 and 95 interacting with sensors 96 and 97 of signals mounted on housing 87 "On bracket 85, bracket 98 is fixed with levers 99 and 100 mounted on axis 101 and in contact with stops 102 under the force of springs 103 and carrying l pestki 104 and 105, which interact with sensors 106 and signals 107 mounted on a bracket 98 '

When satellite-device 77 passes the recognition zone, cam 81 acts on lever 99, the movement of which includes sensor signals 106, satellite device 78 with cam 83 acts on lever 89 and turns on sensor 96, satellite device 79 with cam 84 acts on lever 90 and include a signal sensor 97, satellite fixture 80 with a cam 82 acting on the lever 100 and turning on a signal sensor 107. Thus, each satellite fixture of the broaching machine

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17 only acts on its signal sensor, and also each cell of the additional conveyor 10 acts on its signal sensor.

The operator 16 loads the workpiece in the machine 17 only if the size of the workpiece, located in the grippers 108, corresponds to its type of satellite device. If there is no such match, the satellite devices continue to move forward and it may turn out that some satellites will not be loaded with the parts being processed. ”

Since the number of satellite satellites on a broaching machine 17 is equal to the number of cells on the conveyor 10 and they are arranged in the same sequence, then, as a rule, the auto-operators 16 work in a single rhythm with the operation of all the mechanisms of the automatic line ”

Parts are loaded by the auto operator 16 into satellite devices 77-80 while the satellite devices are moving, the satellite device 77 with the cam 8], passing through the recognition zone, turns on the sensor 106 through the lever 99 and commands the auto operator 16 to load parts of size 1 II, satellite device 78, which is still on the way to the recognition zone, satellite device 78 with cam 83 sends a command using the sensor 96 to the auto-operator 16 on. loading parts of size III into the satellite fixture 79 and m д d ₀ Thus, any satellite fixture, passing the recognition zone, commands the auto-operator 16 to load the next satellite fixture, but not. himself, so the recognition information is not late, and the auto operator 16 has time to load the workpieces.

The automatic line can work if there is at least one standard size of the part, the highest performance of the line is achieved if there are blanks of all standard sizes.

On the conveyor 10, only 14 cells were mounted, including eight cells 27 and two cells 28-30 each, t "e" of one standard size of parts from accumulator 2, eight full parts of conveyor 10 can be taken, and from accumulators 3 - 5 - two details about

So, for a full revolution of the conveyor 1 0, 14 parts or two sets of parts are fed into the loading zone of the machine 17, since seven sets of four standard sizes □

Reloading device 6-9 on each subsequent machine and the cells on the conveyors 10 may differ among themselves, as in the course of the process the workpiece can be fed into the loading zone to the auto-operators 16 in different positions.

Processing of parts on the machines 17 is carried out by pulling them in satellite devices 77-80 under a fixed broach 117 (FIG. "15) ₀ At the same time, the broach 117, depending on the shape of the surfaces to be machined, can be flat, for example for surface treatment B,

G, D, E, F, or round for surface treatment 3 (Figs "1.2 and 13)" ·

Unloading parts from the machine 1 7 is carried out by an auto operator 18, whose design is similar to an auto operator 16 downloads. ”After igniting parts in satellite devices 77-80, a command is sent to the auto operator 18, which captures parts in satellite devices, lifts them and transports them to the conveyor 19 o Unloading parts by the operator 18 is carried out with each satellite device, regardless of the size of the workpiece. ”The design of the conveyor 19 is similar to the loading conveyor of the sorter 1, i.e. This is a non-power roller conveyor. To transfer parts from the machine to the machine under the action of gravity, it is required that the height of the conveyor 19 at the beginning of transportation be higher than at the end. For this purpose, lifting tables or elevators are installed on the conveyor 19. If necessary, the parts are turned and canted. Then, sorting parts, addressing them into storage conveyors, reloading into conveyor cells, recognizing cells and loading parts into the machine are repeated.

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Claims (1)

Claim Automatic line for batch processing of parts, containing $ associated feed and discharge conveyors, broaching machines. continuous operation with chain conveyors on which satellite devices for clamping decks, automatic loading and unloading machines, and a control system, which are different in that, in order to expand technological capabilities, each of the 15 broaching machines is fitted with a device for sorting parts, parallel-mounted sucker-feed conveyors, 20 accumulators, an endless chain-type conveyor belt with cells for parts, as well as by pushing parts from the feed to the sucker conveyors and from 25 sucker to the infinite chain conveyor, with endless chain conveyors, chain conveyors of machines are equipped with cell recognition devices and satellite devices located in parts loading and unloading areas, for which each cell and each satellite device are equipped with coding cams installed with the possibility of interaction with appropriate recognition devices, each sorting device made with the ability to supply parts to one of the respective sucker rod conveyors, and each of the devices recognizes This is done in the form of spring-loaded levers placed one above the other on the axis, which can be rotated by the interaction of one of the ends of the lever with the corresponding moving cell or satellite accessory, while the other end of the lever is arranged to interact with the system’s control sensor. C 27 12 50 27 13 51 27/4 52 FIG. 2 1484601 ^l Well AT 5 (turned} FIG. four 1484601 YY G 20 FIG. 6 1484601 Fy 1484601 and 1 Λ846ίΊ ί 1? and-and · (turned) ₃₃ 101, 102 100 FIG. ten View l KK (turned) .101 103 . . , 103 ^ // la FIG. eleven FIG. 13 VidM Phil. 14 .1484601 FIG. 15 HB 1484601 / 7- / 7 R FIG. 18