SU1483087A1 - Axial-piston hydraulic machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention can be used in axial-piston hydraulic machines with two cylinder blocks installed at an angle to each other, to increase durability and efficiency. In the hydraulic machine in the cylinder bores of one of the cylinder blocks, the shoes 17, support sleeves 25 and sleeves 14 are installed. The sleeves and shoes are made with axial channels 19 and 20 and contact each other along spherical face surfaces 15. Support sleeves 25 are made with spherical surfaces 24 in contact with the mating surfaces of the sleeves 14. The support sleeves are axially displaceable. Self-adjusting pistons reduce gaps between them and the sleeves. 2 hp f-ly, 2 ill.

Description

FIG. 2

The invention relates to volumetric hydraulic machines, in particular to multi-cylinder piston machines with a rotating cylinder block.

The purpose of the invention is to increase durability and efficiency.

FIG. 1 shows an axial piston hydraulic machine, a section; in fig. 2 - self-aligning support.

The axial piston hydraulic machine contains two cylinder blocks 1 and 2 mounted on bearings at an angle to one another in a common housing 3. The cylinder blocks 1 and 2 are interconnected by bevel gear 4 and are supported on end distributors 5 and 6 hydraulically connected with external hydraulic lines 7 and 8. Pistons 9 and 10 are located in cylinder bores 11 and 12 of cylinder blocks 1 and 2 and are rigidly connected in pairs to each other at an angle equal to the angle between the blocks of cylinders. Between one piston 9, for example, from each pair of rigidly connected pistons 9 and 10 and the corresponding cylinder bore 11 of the cylinder block, in this case 1, a self-aligning bearing 13 is installed, including a sleeve 14, the inner surface of which is coupled to the cylindrical the surface of the piston 9 and the outer surface has spherical surfaces 15 and 16. The spherical surface 15 rests on the bottom of the cylinder bore 11 through the shoe 17, which has the possibility of moving the cylinder bore 11 on a flat surface of the bottom of the cylinder 11. Piston floor The core 18 is connected to the distribution device 5 by channels 19, 20 and 21, respectively, in the end portion of the sleeve 14, in the shoe 17 and in the bottom of the cylinder block 1. The spherical and flat bridges are hydrostatically unloaded by the chambers 22 and 23. The spherical surface 16 rests on the counter spherical surface 24 of the support sleeve 25, which is capable of moving in the axial direction of the cylinder bore 11.

The sleeves 14 and the shoe 17 are installed in cylinder bores 11 with a gap formed by the side surfaces: The size of the gap is larger than the possible movements of the end portion of the sleeve 14 and the shoe 17 caused by inaccuracy of manufacture and deformation of the hydraulic machine elements. At the edge of the cylinder bore 11, an abutment 26 is installed, preventing the self-aligning support 13 from falling out when the hydraulic machine is inoperative. A gap is made between the stop 26 and the support sleeve 25 to allow the sleeve to move along the axis of the cylinder bore required when turning the sleeve 14 relative to the cylinder block 1, as well as when the sleeve 14 ascends on hydrostatic bearings. Pistons 10 are installed in the cylinder bore 12 blo5

five

cylinders 2 without intermediate self-aligning support. Sub-piston cavities 27 are hydraulically connected to the frontal distributor 6 by channels 28 in the bottom of cylinder block 2. Pistons 9 and 10 have internal channels 29 that hydraulically connect the corresponding sub-piston cavities 18 and 27. The cylinder block 1 is integral with the shaft.

The operation of the hydraulic machine is carried out as follows.

In the motor mode of operation, working fluid is supplied to one of the hydraulic lines 7 or 8 under pressure. Getting into the piston spaces 18 and 27 of the cylinder blocks 1 and 2, the fluid, exerting pressure on the end surfaces of the pistons 9 and 10, creates equal forces causing a torque.

The torque from the cylinder block 10 is transmitted to the shaft directly, and from the cylinder block 2 by gear 4. Channels 29 inside the pistons 9 and 10 equalize the pressure of the working fluid in the cylinders of both blocks 1 and 2 of the cylinders. They exclude the possibility of one-sided loading of interconnected pistons at the time when the cylinders pass through the zone of bridges in the distributors 5 and 6.

The principle of operation of the hydraulic machine in the pump mode of operation is similar to that described.

When the hydraulic machine is in operation, its elements are deformed under the influence of loads. In particular, the rigid coupling of the pistons 9 and 10 is possible, and, as a result, the angle between the rigidly coupled pistons 9 and 10 relative to the angle between the cylinder blocks 1 and 2 varies. In this case, the sleeve 14 of the self-aligning support 13 is rotated relative to the cylinder axis bore 11, to compensate for the change in angle and thereby preventing the occurrence of edge contact between the piston and the cylinder bore of the block. In addition, the self-aligning bearing 13 enables to compensate for the assembly of the hydraulic machine deviations of the angles between the pistons and the cylinder blocks from the nominal values caused by inaccuracy of manufacture. In the absence of a self-aligning support, the gathering of the hydraulic machine is possible only with significant radial clearances between the pistons and cylinder bores, which during the operation of the hydraulic machine leads to unreasonably large volumetric loss of m.

Claims (1)

1. Axial-piston hydraulic machine, containing mounted on bearings at an angle to each other 0 five 0 five 0 1483087 56 Two cylinder blocks, in contact with the cylinders, are formed by spherical heads, face distributors and associated contact gears with spherical gears between themselves, pistons, surfaces made on supporting parts located in cylinder bores, with sleeves and shoes fitted with flat bottoms and rigidly pairwise; in the boring with a gap, which are interconnected at an angle equal to the side surfaces, the shoe angle between the cylinder blocks, are supported on the bottom of the cylinder bores, and It was due to the fact that, for the purpose of higher-support sleeves, neither durability nor efficiency was established in the bores, in the case of axial displacement, the lindro bores of one of the blocks2. The hydraulic machine according to claim 1, characterized by cylinders mounted shoes supporting the fact that on the spherical surfaces of sleeves sleeves and sleeves, which are located and the surfaces of the shoes, contacting pistons, sleeves and shoes made with bore bottoms, chambers axial channels and spherical torus-hydrostatic discharge, tsovy surfaces contacting3. The hydraulic machine according to claim 1, which is different with each other, and on the block surface, in order to simplify the assembly, the disputability of the sleeves on the side of the block end is made up of split sleeves. 1 11K 9 7 I // / 17 28