SU1479059A1 - Apparatus for washing root and tuber crops - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to vibratory washers and is intended for washing mainly potatoes and root crops. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of washing with simultaneous release of a fine fraction. The device contains upper 2 and lower 3 perforated pads (PP), connected by inclined partitions 4, in which windows 5 are made above the lower PP 3 for the passage of a small fraction of the product. Under the PP 3, inclined guide elements 10 are reinforced to create a washing pulsating flow and transfer the fine fraction along the lower PP 3. The device is equipped with a discharger 13 with perforated blades 15 installed behind the lower PP 3 in the course of product movement. Under the discharger, a perforated arcuate chute 16. Production through the loading hopper 19 enters the upper PP 2. Under the action of vibration PP 2.3, the roots and tubers are washed in a gas-liquid medium, while the fine fraction is transferred through the perforation of the platform 2 to the lower perforated pad 3 and then the discharger 13 moves along the perforated arc-shaped tray 16 into the container. Separated soils through the perforation of the pad 3 fall into the bottom of the chamber 1 and are discharged through the nozzles 20. The calibrated roots and tubers on the upper pad 2 are moved to the discharge zone, where they are also washed with rotating water from the irrigator 12, and then along the sloping part pads 2 are unloaded from the device. Improving the quality of washing is achieved by separating the product into two streams, improving as a result of this access of washing liquid to each fruit and facilitating the removal of contaminants. 4 il.

Description

The invention relates to vibratory washers and can be used on fruit and vegetable bases, combines and in the food industry for washing potatoes and root crops.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of washing with simultaneous elimination of the fine fraction.

FIG. 1 shows a device for washing of root crops; side view; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. 1 in FIG. 3 shows a section BB in FIG. 2; in fig. 4 is a view of B in FIG. 3,

The device for washing root fruits contains a chamber 1, inside of which are located the upper 2 and lower} perforated pads connected by partitions 4, fortified at an angle. In partitions 4 above the lower perforated pad 3, windows 5 are made for the passage of the small fraction pro /; ukta. The upper perforated platform 2 is made of longitudinal parallel bars 6 installed with a gap that can be adjusted by moving the fasteners of the bars 6 in transverse grooves 7. The lower perforated platform 3 is located in the washing part of the chamber 1, separated from the discharge zone not reaching the bottom of the partition 8. To the lower plane of the perforated pad 3, guide elements 9 are angled.

In chamber 1, the upper perforated platform 2 is mounted above the level of washing liquid, and the lower perforated platform 3 with guiding elements 9 is below the level of the liquid regulated by the drain device 10 The upper perforated platform 2 is located along the entire device and has an inclined part in the discharge zone. Above the inclined part of the upper perforated pad 2, rotating brushes 11 are installed, alternating with sprinkler nozzles 12.

In the unloading zone of the chamber 1, a discharger 13 is installed, made in the form of a shaft 14 installed between the perforated pads parallel to them, to which the perforated blades 15 are fastened. Behind the lower perforated pad; in the course of the product movement under the unloader 13, the arcuate perforated SOFC 16 is dispersed.

-,

from 0 5

0 5

0

The device and K RT are an electromechanical actuator (not shown), which is common to the discharger 13 and the rotating jaws 11.

Chamber 1 is closed by a lid 17 on which an oscillation source is installed — a vibrator 18. The device is also equipped with a hopper 19, branch pipes 20 for removing dirt, springs 21 supporting perforated pads 2, 3, a pitched board 22 for draining fines and a flexible screen 2.3, made in the form of strips of elastic material, for example, rubber, fixed with its upper part to the lid above the discharge zone.

The device for washing of the root-and-vegetable crops works as follows.

In the upper platform 2, by moving the bars 6 through the transverse grooves 7, gaps are established between the bars 6, corresponding to the maximum size of the root crop of the small fraction. The chamber 1 is filled with a washing liquid (for example, water) to the level of the drain device 1.0, the vibrator 18 is turned on, as well as the drive of the rotation of the discharger 13 and the brushes 11. The roots and tubers through the loading hopper 19 enter the upper perforated platform 2. The lower perforated area 3 s guiding elements 9 and partly partitions 4 are immersed in a liquid. Under the action of vibrations of perforated pads 2, 3 installed on springs 21 inside chamber 1, the upper layer of liquid turns into a gas-liquid system, the level of which rises above the top platform 2, covering the roots and tubers, which make a complex movement contributing to their laundering. The shallow fraction of the root crops through the gaps between the bars 6 of the upper perforated pad 2 enters the lower pad 3. Disconnected from the tubers during the washing process, the contaminants pass through the perforations of the lower pad 3 and descend further into the slow-moving fluid to the bottom of chamber 1, from where it goes through the ports 20 .

The movement of the tubers during the washing process in the gas-liquid system takes place on the upper and lower perforated pads under the influence of the pulsiruntstsi directed toward the side. Flows, formed between the guiding elements 9 by partitions 4. Not the lower perforated area 3, the fine fraction of the roots of the tubers moves through the windows 5 in the partitions 4 to the discharger 13. Rotating, the blades 15 capture the small fraction of the roots of the tubers and move it along the perforated shape. on the pitched board 22, from where it enters the container or is retracted, for example, by a belt conveyor.

The calibrated roots are moving in the upper area 2 into the discharge zone, where they are additionally washed by the rotating brushes 11 with simultaneous irrigation with clean water from the irrigator. 12, the nozzles of which alternate with the brushes, the row of nozzles mounted between the brushes irrigate the products and at the same time supply water to the rotating brushes, which contributes to the improvement of the quality of washing heavily soiled root crops, for example, after processing before storage with the chalk emulsion. The water entering through the sprinkler 12 into the discharge zone passes before the partition 8 into the washing zone and is removed through the drainage device 10, maintaining a constant water level in chamber 1. The washed root crops are discharged from the device along the inclined part of the platform 2. Spraying from the device liquid droplets prevents flexible screen 23.

Q

5 0 5 0

five

By reducing the product layer by dividing it into two streams (coarse and fine fractions), separating the fine fraction from the standard product and thereby increasing the free cavities between individual tubers, the access of washing liquid is improved (i.e., individual fruits are more intensely washed by the pulsating flow) , waste removal is improved, which improves the quality of washing.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for washing of root and club fruits, containing a chamber, upper and lower perforated pads in it, connected by partitioned walls, and a vibrator, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of washing with the simultaneous release of a fine fraction, it is equipped with a discharger made in the form of between the perforated pads parallel to the shaft, on which the perforated blades are fixed, while behind the lower perforated pad during the movement of the product under unload it is placed arcuate perforated tray, wherein the lower perforated area underneath strengthened angled guide members, and in the partitions above the lower platform formed apertured window for passage of product. Aa ABOUT Level Vb Z ±  to } 18 9 2 vidd figl