SU1474217A1 - Method of thermal consolidation of soil in the form of the lining of a vertical shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the construction on loess and clay soils, in particular to thermal strengthening of the soil in the form of a lining of vertical workings, mainly for agricultural storage facilities, and is aimed at improving efficiency. This is achieved by the fact that, after penetrating the workings in its lower part, they form an annular broadening of its lower part to a depth equal to the thickness of the lining. Flush with the inner surface of the lining in front of its widening set the cooled formwork. The walls of the lining are heated to the ground to melt the soil, fill the broadened part of the lining with it and form a broadening similar to the lower one above the formwork. The height of the tail is taken equal to the height of the formwork. The heat recovered during cooling of the formwork is recovered. It is possible to introduce into the flow of thermal energy ground mixes with heating them to melt. 1 hp f-ly, 1 tab. 1 il.

Description

one

The invention relates to the construction of loess-like and clay soils, in particular, the thermal strengthening of the soil in the face of the lining of vertical workings, mainly for agricultural stores.

The purpose of the invention is to increase efficiency.

The drawing shows the reinforced and the placement of the main technological equipment and means of technical control of the process, a section.

The method is carried out as follows.

Initially, make 1 is formed and its lower part 2 is annularly widened to the height of the tusk 3 and the thickness of the lining 4 of the excavation 1 in its lower part (the thickness of the lining 4 can be variable in the height of the excavation 1). Then, block 6, including movable hollow formwork 7, ring heat generator 8, pipelines 9 for cooling the formwork 7 with air and shutter 10 with nozzles 11 having removable heads 12, is installed flush with the inner surface of wall 5 of the excavation 1. the compressor 13 and to the tank with high-calorific fuel 14, for example with gaseous hydrogen, and the pipeline 9 only to the compressor 13, check the entire system for tightness, feed the combustible mixture into the fuel line of the generator 8 and ignite them The electrical igniter 15 which is lowered into the production pipe 1 through 11 mounted on the shutter 10 also having a fin 16 which generate to enhance sealing vtaplivayuts the ground.

After ignition of combustible mixtures, the ring generator 8 is brought to the operating mode, providing the calculated opening angle

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jets of low-temperature plasma using pressure in the network, regulating and controlling the process with pressure gauges 17 and valves 18. The process of filling the lining 4 with the ground to the height of each tier, successively moving the formwork 7 from bottom to top until the design level 19 is reached. In this case, the upper part of the soil mass above mark 19 is melted, and after the end of the process, the cavity formed is filled with a lid with insulation (for the winter period at negative outdoor temperatures). As the primer fills 4, the cavity of the mobile formwork 7 is cooled with air, feeding and discharging it through pipelines 9.

In order to exclude additional material consumption for melting the second and subsequent layers of the lining 4, the soil in the walls of the excavation 1 above the movable formwork 7 is melted only by a thickness equal to the thickness of the trim 4 of the excavation 1 at this height. In this case, if such a condition is not provided, then through the nozzles 11, ground mixtures are added to the outlet 1, the particles of which, entering the jet of the gas stream leaving the atomizer of the ring generator 8, are transferred to the walls of the outlet and melt there. (not shown).

As the lining 4 of the excavation 1 is melted, the mobile formwork 7 rises together with the rigid pipeline of the generator 8 and the pipelines 9 and is fixed to the gate 10 in the new position by the stops 20, and the change in height of the whole system is compensated by the flexible inserts 21.

Thermal energy is saved, because with low thermal conductivity of the soil, most of the heat is spent on its melting, as well as by reusing the heat energy of the melt when cooled with formwork air, the heat from which flows upwards, and the exhaust air is supplied to the compressor at 40-50 ° C . Air circulation with such

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five

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the temperature in the cavity of the cooled formwork in contact with the outer wall of the formwork, heated to 900-1100 ° C, ensures the process of cooling the melt in the lining.

Example. Thermal strengthening of the soil in the walls of two workings with a depth of 4.2 m in surface loam with natural moisture of 16% and porosity of 49.2% was carried out at the construction site. Output 1 is formed by installations KSHK-2 with a diameter of 2 m after their broadening in the lower part 2 to the height of tusk 3, equal to 1.4 m. The thickness of the lining 4 is not constant in height and is 0.2 m below. 6 with mobile formwork 7, a heat generator 8 and other pipelines and a shutter as indicated in the drawing. Ring generator 8, movable formwork 7 made of steel OHZO-Yu5A. Compressor 13 of type PKSM-6, capacity 14 is standard for gaseous hydrogen. The angle of jet opening is adjusted to the height of one English 3, the working temperature of the plasma, after being displaced with compressed air, is maintained within the limits of 2600-2800 ° C. The air temperature in the cooled formwork 7 is maintained at about 40-50 ° C. Pressure and temperature are monitored by readings of pressure gauges 17, valves 18, visually through removable heads 12 nozzles 11, and OPIR-45 optical pyrometers on a scale of colors of soil and metal. When lifting the formwork 7, the fastening is performed by stops 20 on the thread.

The reduction factor of the soil volume in the walls of the excavation during melting is 1.2. The melting of the soil in each upper deck provides the lining volume in the previous one. Therefore, the thickness of the lining is rusam, upwards: 0.2; 0.24; 0.28 m, and in the surface layer of the soil above design mark 19, the height of which is also 1.4 m, the soil is melted to a thickness of 0.32 m.

A comparative analysis of the results of field tests is given in the table.

Q

Ground sintering temperature, С

on the wall surface 2000

on external contour1200

Lining volume in 3 rus, m35,76

Specific heat consumption per device

lining, MJ / m32250

1300 1200 5.76

2400

Thus, the proposed method provides heat savings of 7-13%, cost 14-18%.

Claims (2)

1. The method of thermally strengthening the soil in the form of a lining of the vertical excavation, which includes the excavation of the excavation, a generic depth equal to the thickness of the lining, is then placed flush with the inner surface of the lining opposite its width of the formwork, and heated to the melting of the soil from 5 by filling the broadened part of the lining with it and forming a broadening similar to the lower one above the formwork, the height of the rus being equal to the height of the formwork, and during filling with the molten soil the broadening of the flow in it thermal energy 10 does not produce cooling of the formwork with a heat generator generator and heating the walls of the mine to form a lining of a given thickness, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency, after penetrating the mine, the lower part of the shaft is broadened 13 non-selection of heat collected from it. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that during the generation of the heat energy flow, the ground mixtures 1 are introduced into the flow with their heating to 15 melting. the depth is equal to the lining thickness, then they are placed flush with the inner surface of the lining opposite to its formwork broadening, and the lining walls are heated until they melt the soil and fill the broadened part of the lining and form a lowering-like broadening above the formwork taken to be equal to the height of the formwork, and during the filling with the molten ground, the formwork is cooled and the formwork is cooled and the formwork is cooled and the heat recovered from it is regenerated. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that during the generation of the heat energy flow, ground mixtures 1 are introduced into the flow with their heating to melt.